July 2002
Editor: Mimi Lozano, mimilozano@aol.com

          Dedicated to Hispanic Heritage and Diversity Issues
Society of Hispanic Historical and Ancestral Research © 2000-02
http://members.aol.com/shhar      
714-894-8161

     
"Adopt a Community"

Dr. Hernandez, 
Director of the Presidential Office for Mexican Abroad.

La Universidad Hispana in Utah  http://www.harktheherald.com/article.php?sid=50882
Extract from article by Julia Swinton, The Daily Herald, pg A2 6- 13-02

        The university's first general meeting with staff, administration and community members was June 14.   Arturo De Hoyos, founder came to BYU as a freshman 55 years ago. 
       "I've been working with this idea for a long time. It's a new, pioneering idea. There's a lot of enthusiasm for this," said De Hoyos, a native of Mexico.  De Hoyos said the mission of the bilingual four-year college is to educate Hispanics who, though living in the U.S., are not fluent enough in the English language to be admitted to regular colleges.
        Students will learn in their specific field of study -- such as accounting, sociology, business management and English -- as they learn English. Associate degrees will also be offered in nursing, secretary/clerical, accounting and management.
        De Hoyos received a master's degree from BYU and a doctorate from Michigan State University. He taught sociology at BYU for 23 years. He became a mission president in Baja, Calif., and Mexico for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in 1990 upon retiring from BYU.
        There are about 200,000 Hispanics in Utah and 35 million in the United States. "It's the largest minority in the United States," he said.  "When you become educated, you integrate in society better. Then they (Hispanics) feel they can contribute something because they have an education," he said.
        Upon recognizing the need for college-age youth in Latin America to get an education, De Hoyos organized the first Cumorah Academy in Tijuana, Mexico, in 1994. The school serves the Mexican and Latin American LDS college-age youth.
        Now more Cumorah schools have been organized, throughout Mexico and in Utah. De Hoyos said the schools have prepared hundreds of returned-missionaries, and many other adults, to take the required exams and get their high school equivalent diploma. 
        De Hoyos said more than 100 students have reserved a spot for the Hispanic university, despite not having a location for the university or a definite opening date.
        Julia Swinton can be reached at 344-2558 or jswinton@heraldexta.com 

     GENEALOGISTS WILL HOLD NATIONAL ANNUAL CONFERENCE IN ONTARIO CALIFORNIA.

        From 07-10 August 2002, The Federation of Genealogical Societies (FGS) and The California State Genealogical Alliance (CSGA) Conference, will hold their annual conference in Ontario, CA. The topic this year is “California: A Goldmine of Diversity,” and is dedicated to celebrating and teaching the ethnic diversity everywhere, especially in California. Not since 1995 has California hosted a conference of this size.
        The CSGA is composed of Genealogical and Historical Societies and individuals who are interested in furthering its goals of preserving records of historical significance, providing quality education opportunities for the genealogical community, and fostering communication among others with the same goals throughout the state of California. The FGS, whose mission is similar, is international. 
        Workshops will be given by the National Archives and Records Administration, and there will be ethnic presentations, such as Hispanic, Native-American, European, and African-American. In the exhibit hall attendees will have a chance to peruse the latest genealogical books, data CDs, software and other products as well as visit with representatives of  major societies from around the world.
WHAT: FGS/CSGA 2002 Conference
WHERE: Ontario Convention Center, Ontario, CA
WHEN: 07-10 August 2002 (Early registrations encouraged)
Contacts: Cath Madden Trindle, Publicity Co-Chair, 650/366-5059, e-mail: catht@aol.com

Julian Nava: My Mexican-American Journey, chronicles the life of a dedicated Hispanic leader. It is the first of series of autobiographies of outstanding Hispanics to be published by Arte Público Press, specifically targeting young adults.  Arte Público Press Release, for more information contact:  Mónica M. Parle, mparle@uh.educ  (713) 743-2999

        With the same determination he had to succeed in life, Julian Nava presents his life story, Julian Nava: My Mexican-American Journey, with profound conviction to inspire and encourage young minds and readers of all ages. Julian Nava leads readers through the passages of his extraordinary life, turning over the stones that mark the way, to reveal himself as a man intent on making a difference in the lives of many.
        Julian Nava is one of the most renowned and distinguished elder statesmen in the Hispanic community of the United States.  The child of poor Mexican immigrants, Nava rose through years of hardship and hard work to achieve what no other Latino in the United had achieved before him:  Nava became the first Mexican American to serve as ambassador to Mexico.
        This unforeseen but deserved appointment by President Jimmy Carter followed on a life of commitment to his education and that of his community.  Nava was a civil rights activist during the height of the Chicano Movement; he also became the first Mexican American to serve on the Los Angeles school board when it was embattled, facing the challenges of school walkouts and boycotts, desegregation, bilingual education and a series of issues brought on by the changes in education during the 1970s.
        The recipient of a PhD in History from Harvard, Nava has been on the front-lines of urban education and politics, while simultaneously building a successful career as a university professor celebrated through the United states, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Columbia, and Spain. Nava's previously untold story is finally available to inspire people young and old toward study, commitment and perseverance, not only for one's self, but for the community and nation.
        JULIAN NAVA, a long-time professor at CSU Northridge, has published numerous books and articles on Mexican-American life and education.  Having recently turned to film production, he is currently working on a documentary on Tibet and Iran.   He and his wife live on a horse ranch near San Diego, close to their children and grandchildren.
        Arte Público Press is the nation's largest and most established publisher of contemporary and recovered literature by U.S. Hispanic authors. Its imprint for children and young adults, Piñata Books, is dedicated to the realistic and authentic portrayal of the themes, languages, characters, and customs of Hispanic culture in the United states.  Based at the University of Houston, Arte Público Press, Piñata Books, and the Recovering the U.S. Hispanic Literary Heritage project provide the most widely recognized and extensive showcase for Hispanic literary arts and creativity.  For more information, please visit our website at http://www.arte.uh.edu.

Publication Date: May 31,02,  Pages: 224, Ages: 11 and up,  Clothbound,  $16.95   Paperback, $9.95

Latino Virtual Gallery, Smithsonian Center for Latino Initiatives    http://latino/si.edu/virtualgallery

        The Smithsonian Center for Latino Initiatives opened its doors in 1998 with the mission to advance knowledge and understanding of the contributions of Latinos and Latinas to U.S. history, arts, culture and scientific  discovery.  The Center promotes the richness and diversity of our Latino cultures through educational programs, exhibitions, presentations, research and scholarship.
       The Latino Virtual Gallery  has been developed  in conjunctions with artists and educators. The   main purpose: to add to traditional classroom learning, advances made possible by new technology.

Upcoming: 

• It s not a family - or individual- name index or a digital version of the original records.
• It contains the microfilm lists for the 1930 population schedules and the Soundex indexes, searchable by over 120,000 geographic locations.
• Allows you to know before visiting NARA exactly which roll(s) of microfilm you need to view to start your research.     

CSGA Newsletter, Vol. 20, No. 5 (May 2002)

Passport Information:  http://www.nara.gov/genealogy/passport.html

         Passport applications can be an excellent source of genealogical information, especially about foreign-born individuals. The National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) has passport applications from Oct. 1795-Mar. 1925; the U.S. Department of State has passport applications from Apr. 1925 to the present.
        The Department of State has issued passports to American citizens traveling abroad since 1789, but did not have sole authority to do so until August 23, 1856, when Congress passed an act (11 Stat. 60) prohibiting other governmental entities, such as state and judicial authorities, from issuing passports.
        Foreign travel in the nineteenth century was much more frequent than one might expect. Overseas travelers included businessmen, the middle class, and naturalized U.S. citizens who returned to their homelands to visit relatives. For example, statistics show that the State Department issued 130,360 passports between 1810 and 1873, more than 369,844 between 1877 and 1909, and more than 1,184,085 between 1912 and 1925. It is unknown how many American citizens traveled abroad with passports issued by state or judicial authorities prior to 1856 or without any passport prior to 1918.
        Although 95 percent of mid-19th century passport applicants were men, many women also traveled overseas. If the applicant was to be accompanied by his wife, children, servants, or other females under his protection, their names, ages, and relationship to the applicant were stated on the passport application. One passport was then issued to cover the whole group. Likewise, when children traveled abroad solely with their mother, their names and ages were indicated on the mother's passport application. Passport applications by women in their own names became more frequent in the latter part of the nineteenth century, and by 1923 women constituted over 40 percent of passport applicants.  
       The sequence, sources, addresses, etc. needed to search Passport records can be found on this site.                                                                                          Sent by Johanna de Soto

                                    Women and Naturalization, ca. 1802-1940, Part 2  
                            "Any woman who is now or may hereafter be married . . ."

Some women feel that a certain stigma attaches to the need of "naturalization" in the same manner as any lowly immigrant. Women of perhaps Mayflower ancestry, whose forbears fought through the Revolution, and whose family names bear honored and conspicuous places in our history, who are thoroughly American at heart, and who perhaps have never left these shores, but whose act in choosing alien husbands has forfeiture of American citizenship, bemoan the stipulation that such as they must sue for naturalization by the ordinary means. (15)

Not until 1936 did Congress comply with Crist's request, and then only for those women who lost U.S. citizenship by marriage between 1907 and 1922 and whose marriage had terminated through death or divorce. If she met this criteria she could file an application with her local naturalization court and resume her citizenship upon taking the oath of allegiance. The application was typically made on Form N-415, Application to Take Oath of Allegiance to the United States, which should be filed in separate volumes from each court's other naturalization records. Some courts, however, interfiled these documents with other petitions. In 1940 Congress allowed all women who lost citizenship by marriage between 1907 and 1922 to repatriate, or resume their citizenship, regardless of their marital status. Since then, any woman who lost U.S. citizenship in those years by marriage to any alien, even if they remained happily married, could resume her citizenship by applying and taking the oath of allegiance.

There were certain legal and social provisions, however, governing which women did and did not go to court to naturalize. In general, immigrant women have always had the right to become U.S. citizens, but not every court honored that right. Since the mid-nineteenth century a succession of laws worked to keep certain women out of naturalization records, either by granting them derivative citizenship or barring their naturalization altogether. It is this variety of laws covering the history of women's naturalization, as well as different courts' varying interpretation of those laws, that help explain whether a naturalization record exists for any given immigrant woman.

The subject of women and naturalization was often as confusing to people in the past as it is to researchers today. Not all courts upheld or strictly enforced naturalization requirements. Other misunderstandings arose when naturalization records did not change as rapidly as did naturalization law. For example, after implementation of the Cable Act in 1922, naturalization certificates continued to call for the name of the new citizen's spouse until at least 1929. This was a remnant of the days when women derived nationality from their husbands, and the name inserted on the certificate after 1922 was usually that of the wife. There were subsequently instances where un-naturalized spouses used such certificates as proof of citizenship, even using them to obtain U.S. passports from the Department of State.(16)

Still other misunderstandings arise today because some are unable to fathom that immigrant women may have gained U.S. citizenship by any means other than naturalization. There is a surprising number of elderly women alive today who gained U.S. citizenship by marriage to U.S. citizens prior to 1922. Too often they and their children are sent scrambling to obtain some proof of the woman's citizenship so that she might retain some benefit to which she is entitled. It was not until 1929 that women who gained citizenship through their husband's naturalization after marriage could obtain a "Certificate of Derivative Citizenship" from the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS). And it was not until 1940 that INS could issue certificates to women who gained citizenship by marriage to a man already a citizen.(17) While not in themselves proof of citizenship for legal purposes, proof of marriage to a U.S. citizen occurring prior to September 22, 1922, and proof of the husband's U.S. citizenship, remain as the foundation for legally documenting a foreign-born woman's citizenship.(18)
                                                                     Sent by Johanna de Soto

IMMIGRATION ISSUES:  64 articles on Immigration News (with links) from Hispanic Vista
http://www.hispanicvista.com/html/062402immi.htm

Extract of article Mexican guest workers seek Congress' help to recover back pay by  Mark Sherman, Associated Press Writer, 6-12-02  Bracero Justice Project:http://www.bracerojustice.com

        The Justice Department, in court papers, says the claim is too old and is trying to get a federal judge to dismiss a class-action lawsuit alleging hundreds of thousands of Mexicans who worked in America between 1942 and 1949 never received money deducted from their wages.
        Legislation introduced  in Congress would prevent the government from having the suit dismissed on procedural grounds.
        Ortiz was one of nearly five million Mexican guest workers recruited to the United States between 1942 and 1964 to harvest crops and maintain railroad tracks. The "bracero" program — which comes from the Spanish for "arm" — was launched during World War II to help fill jobs left vacant by U.S. workers called to fight.
        In an unusual agreement between the U.S. and Mexican governments, the braceros had 10 percent of their wages deducted and sent, via Wells Fargo, to Mexican banks to serve as savings accounts. The agreement was supposed to serve as an incentive for the workers to return to Mexico once their contracts expired.
        The lawsuit, filed last year in San Francisco, is against the U.S. and Mexican governments, along with four banks. Although the pay was as low as 30 cents an hour, advocates for the braceros say at least 500 million dollars is owed, including interest.  The suit is patterned after successful claims by Holocaust survivors against Swiss banks and German companies.  
        Howard Shorr  Howardshor@aol.com   

SURNAME:   CORTES/CORTEZ  

        Although only the 52th most carried surname among modern Hispanics, Cortez is probably the most recognizable because of Hernando Cortes, first conqueror and governor of Tenochtitlan, present day Mexico City.
        Cortes is of ancient origin derived from the latin "cortar" courteous, genteel, mannerly and refered to those accompanying the king or belonging to the court. It is now used as the Spanish equivalent for public governmental body, parliament or congress. Hernando Cortes was a hidalgo, who in 1504 at the age of 19 arrived in Santo Domingo. Bright, adventrous, enterprising, in 1518 Cuba's governor, Diego Valesquez approached Hernando to establish a colony on the mainland.
        History reflects Hernando Cortes' success. He married twice, had many children both legitimate and natural, all of whom, at his death, were left well cared for. At least 11 of his relatives become encomenderos and three other, although not encomenderos held important positions in the Cortes estate.
        CARLOS M. YTURRALDE of San Diego traces a maternal line to VALERO CORTEZ deL REY, born in Spain the 30th March 1611. The `del Rey' was added by Valero's great grandfather Sebastian to impress upon the king his great loyalty. 
        Valero arrived in Nueva Espana from Zaragoza, Spain in 1632. He was one of the earliest settlers of Hidalgo del Parral. During his lifetime, he became was of the most influential and wealthiest men of Nueva Viscaya, involved in both mining and cattle in the present state of Chihuahua. His son, Juan became a general and a Spanish knight of the order of Santiago. 
        Mr. Yturralde's father, Francisco Yturralde, is the seventh great grandson of Valerio Cortes Del Rey through a series of many generations of grandmothers, from Maria Teodora Cayentana Vedor christened 2 April 1827 back to Maria Teodora's grandmother Maria Francisca Morales, to great grandmother, Maria del Carmen Albarado. Maria del Carmen Albarado great grand mother was Antonia Josepha Cortez del Rey, daughter of Juan Cortez del Rey, christened 5 June 1654, great grandson of Valero Cortez del Rey. 
        Carlos Yturralde's parents, both born in Mexico, Francisco (22 Feb 1878, Chihuahua) and Maria Guadalupe Alvidrez (14 Oct 1919, Jalisco) met and married in Phoenix Arizona on 26 April 1939. The "go west, young man" migration pattern was fulfilled by both Francisco who traveled from Chihuahua, Mexico to El Paso, Texas and finally to Phoenix, Arizona where the family settled. Carlos first earned a B.A. at the University of Arizona, served in the United States Air Force, achieving the rank of Captain. Return-ing to civilian life, he migrated "west" to California, entering real estate.  
        Married with four children, Mr. Yturralde says, "I love the spirit of adventure displayed by ancestors. I want my children to know their ancestors made an important contribution to the settling of north America." 
        Surnames on this line: Quesada, Vedor, Morales, Albarado, Espinosa.

ORANGE COUNTY, CA

A wonderful resource, listing by county information on accessing  new compiled extractions, directories, indexes for family research.  Latest ones at the top.  For example:

• Monday, May 13, 2002: A 1929 Modesto,(Stanislaus Co.) Directory.
• Friday, April 19, 2002: 1905-29 California State Deaths are released for public use.
• Saturday, April 06, 2002: A 1949 Monterey,(Monterey Co.) Directory.
• Friday, February 22, 2002: A 1960-1969 Bride Indexed Marriages.
• Monday, February 04, 2002: A Non-Identifying-Birth:1996-1997 database now located on the California Birth Index page.                                                    Sent by Johanna de Soto

Selestina Soto de Gonzales  with unknown great-grandchild. About 1925.

Old San Jose 
Part III  
    by  Edward Allegretti,  EAllegretti@rosendin.com

        "Good old saloon days," said my grandfather, "Yes, that is what one woman said of this photograph." That was what my grandfather, John J. Allegretti, was saying to me when I inquired , while going through an old photograph album, about the old picture of him behind the "bar." What I actually was looking at was a photograph of him and his partner, Lawrence Durso, inside of their small department store, the "A & D Emporium." Although the structure still exists as the Saratoga Building on Santa Clara Street between 2nd and 3rd, the "A & D Emporium" left in the 1950s.
        For most of his working life my grandfather spent 10 hour days, six days per week tending to business in his store which sold paintings, artist supplies, appliances, eye glasses, musical instruments. He enjoyed visiting with customers, seeing friends, and making deliveries in an old truck with real oil paintings attached to the sides as advertisements. At least the pay was a little better than his first job as a boy in San Jose where be helped a man gather metal scraps all day for a cream puff.
        No doubt most of his days at the store during the 1920's, the Depression, and into the 1950's were similar. He did recall how he enjoyed visiting at George Payne's office. Mr. Payne at that time was proprietor of the San Jose News. Although monthly my grandfather had to personally visit in order to obtain some money for the account Mr. Payne had at the emporium, he enjoyed seeing the office walls full of framed photographs of Mr. Payne with famous and near-do-wells who had visited San Jose. My grandfather also enjoyed recalling how his friend, San Jose Judge Percy O'Connor, often slept on the couch in the back office of the store in order to sleep off some of his libations! One of John's more particular customers was Mrs. Edward Bernal (Rena). She came to buy artist supplies and always had to wet the tips of the brushes before selecting just the right one. Rena's only daughter later married John's only son, my parents.
        My grandfather also liked recalling visits to the Hayes family (they owned the San Jose Mercury) house at Edenvale. With it's extensive gardens, one needed to drive over several winding roads. Along the way were many small shacks that the Japanese gardeners occupied. They would politely point the way to the main house as my grandfather drove along. John also told of how Mr. Hart, of Hart's Department store, didn't drive. He always had a car and driver. At the formal dinners at the Hart house on the Alameda, numerous footmen were at attention behind the guests ready to serve as required.
        When my grandfather turned ninety (he died in 1994 at age 92) I asked if he would have changed anything about his life. His answer was no. He enjoyed his career, his 69 and one-half years of marriage to his wife Mary (herself the daughter of a local merchant and orchardist), and was proud of his son. When I asked why he didn't buy farm land like his more successful cousin, Vince Cortese (grandfather of San Jose City councilman David Cortese), he replied that someday I may have a grandson who will ask such impertinent questions!

Ventura County California, Marriage Index   (1873-1928)

        Extractions done by Ventura County Genealogical Society  2000/2001
This is a U.S. Gen Web Project. http://www.cagenweb.com/re/ventura/Marriages/
        By bride, groom and parents.  The index is listed alphabetically, giving the marriage date and the book wherein the information is found.   

We wish to thank the Ventura County Recorder’s Office for their cooperation and assistance and all members who participated in this extraction.  Every effort has been done to make it as accurate as possible by double-checking all entries, many of which were difficult to decipher.  There may be a great deal more information on the marriage certificate, such as birthplace, age, residence, number of marriage, parents names and birthplaces, witnesses, and person performing the ceremony.  Copies of the certificate may be obtained by phone, fax, or mail.  If a credit card is used, there will be an additional $6.00 charge.  To order by phone, Dial (805)654-2295 .  You will be prompted for a mailing address, credit card number, expiration date, and daytime telephone number.  By mail, photocopy the form below and send with a check, currently $13.00, to:
        A form is included for the request for marriage record. Ventura County Recorder WEB SITE HERE Attn: Vital Records 800 South Victoria Ave, Ventura, CA 93009     Sent by Johanna de Soto

Here is a listing of California Ranchos by counties.  The counties are in alphabetical order.  Scroll down the list below (it's very long) to find the county and information you want.  The year reflects when the rancho was started.  This is an example of the easy access graph

                                                                                                Sent from Johanna de Soto

Railroad Land Grants in California  from a People's Independent Party map of 1875
http://www.landgrant.org/maps-calif-1875.html

California: Magnet for Tourists and Home Buyers http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/cbhtml/cbmagnet.html

        The introduction to an assessment of the changes that the expansion of the railroads created in California.
         Expansion of rail service in California had one result that was never anticipated by the businessmen and politicians of San Francisco and Sacramento who worked so hard for the transcontinental link: Northern California lost its monopoly on the state's population and wealth. Without a rail link, Los Angeles, the first city of Mexican California, remained a sleepy village compared to the booming towns to the north. However, local business and political leaders were determined that Los Angeles would not be bypassed when rail lines came south, and city voters agreed to what was, in effect, a bribe to the Southern Pacific to bring the line directly through the city. Extension of the transcontinental rail line to Los Angeles triggered a boom in the southern part of the state, a boom that picked up even more steam once the Santa Fe Railway gave Los Angeles its own direct line to the East in 1885, a line in direct competition with the Southern Pacific. Los Angeles's population quadrupled in the 1880s, and doubled again by 1900, when it had 100,000 residents.
                                                                                                       Sent from Johanna de Soto

NORTHWESTERN UNITED STATES

        Tucson's rich voice of Mexican culture died May 26 in Tucson, Arizona at age 97. 
        "She was representative of higher culture and intellectual achievements," said Tucson writer Patricia Preciado Martin.  For 21 years, KUAT-FM has aired Beltrán's radio program, "Homenaje a la Música Mexicana." ("A Tribute to Mexican Music.")  Beltrán produced her show focusing on early to midcentury popular Mexican music, its singers and composers.  Her Mexico was the Mexico of composers Agustín Lara, Gonzalo Curiel and Tito Guizar.  Ana Romo-Lucero, producer of KUAT's "Radio Universidad," said Beltrán gave life and meaning to Mexican music and composers.  But years before her radio program debuted in 1981, Beltrán cultivated Mexican theater in Tucson in the 1940s.  She adapted Mexican plays and presented them in local churches and schools. She wrote plays with Mexican historical or Catholic themes. 
        Beltrán also wrote poetry. She published her own work, which she frequently read on local radio.  In the early years of Spanish-language radio in Tucson, Beltrán teamed up with Tucson's first known Spanish-language radio announcer, Jacinto Orozco, and recited her poetry on the radio. 
And Beltrán wrote for Spanish- and English-language periodicals after she arrived in Tucson in 1938. 
        Carmen Celia Beltran did not settle permanently in Tucson until 1942, and thus most of her local literary efforts appeared during or after the Second World War. But the young woman visited Tucson for the first time in 1938, when the Club Santa Teresita of Holy Family Church presented her drama of the death of Christ, "La Pasion," at Safford Junior High School. Thereafter she frequently returned to town, where she often collaborated with Jacinto Orozco, the popular radio announcer who hosted KVOA's "La Hora Mexicana." And after moving to Tucson, she turned out radio dramas, plays, and essays for the next three and a half decades, here work appearing on numerous Spanish-language radio programs as well as in publications, including the monthly magazine Arizona, La Voz, a bilingual weekly, and the Alianza, the official journal of the Alianza Hispano-Americana.
        Sent by Beecher Hunter. Beecher_Hunter@lcca.com

Three Baca/Vaca Families:  Their New Mexico Ancestry and California Descendancy is a genealogical reference work linking over 4000 people, covering approximately 10 generations of ancestry and 10 of descent from Jose Antonio Baca & Maria Romero, the common ancestors of the three related Baca/Vaca surnamed families that emigrated from New Mexico to Alta California about 150 yrs ago:

Juan Manuel Vaca and children, who gave their surname to Vacaville, CA;
Jose M. Baca & Felipa Baca who populated early Dixon, CA; and
Jesus Ma. Baca & Ma. Ynes Baca who settled in Agua Mansa, CA

The book is 518 pages and is being printed in a hardcover edition of 100 signed and numbered copies.  It is priced at $75 plus tax and shipping. Copyright © 1995-2002  Bad Wolf Press   
Toll-free: 1-888-827-8661   ron@badwolfpress.com     5391 Spindrift Ct.  Camarillo, CA 93012 

                                                                                           Sent by Johanna de Soto

        Some foreign missionaries working for an Islamic group in the southern state of Chiapas have been asked to leave Mexico because they lack proper residency documents.  The Missionaries - who include Basque converts to Islam from Spain - have converted a number of Chamula and Tzotzil Indians, but have never applied for status as a religious organization, said Javier Moctezuma Barragan assistant secretary of the National Immigration Institute.
        Because their missionary group, Mision para el Dawa en Mexico, doesn't have legal status in Mexico, it has never asked for minister's visas for the men.  Authorities began investigating the group, which is linked to the Morocco-based Murabitum World Movement, after the September 11 terrorist attacks, Moctezuma Barragan said.    OC Register, 6-17-02    Sent by Ed Flores

• Number of languages in the world: about 6,800
• Languages that are nearing extinction: 372
• Languages that die out each year: 10
• Percentage of world's languages spoken by 10,000 or fewer people: 50%
• Languages with fewer than 10 speakers: 184     
  
  U.S. News and World Report, 7-2-01, pg. 9

Finding records that will extend genealogical research back into the early nineteenth century for Indian ancestors can be quite challenging. Most tribal enrollment records and censuses taken by the Bureau of Indian Affairs do not begin until around 1880. The earliest federal censuses that mention Indians are the 1860, 1870, and 1880, and even these are sporadic. The 1900 federal census is the first one available that has a more systematic listing of residents of Indian reservations. Other records such as various applications taken for enrollment purposes after the Land Allotment Act of 1887 are a primary source of family history, and they often list parents and grandparents on earlier rolls. But tracing back into the early 1800s is very difficult because there are so few records containing kinship information and birth or death dates. What could you do, for example, if you know that your great-great-grandmother's name was Mary, she was probably Creek, you have no idea what her parents' names were, and you think she must have been a young girl in the 1850s? One possibility would be to search the bounty land warrant application files.

An act of March 3, 1855 (10 Stat. L. 701) extended military bounty land laws to Indians, entitling veterans from the Revolutionary War and the Indian Wars of 1818 and 1836 to warrants that could be exchanged for public lands. A few earlier acts had specified bounty lands for Indians, but this act marked the first time land was made available on a large scale.

Applications for Indian Bounty Lands

Applications were taken by Indian agents in the Indian Territory west of Arkansas in the years immediately following the act. The records are now a part of Record Group 15, Records of the Veterans Administration (entry 27 of Preliminary Inventory NM-22, "Case files of bounty land warrant applications of Indians based on service between 1812 and 1855"). They consist of forty-five boxes of envelopes, around a hundred per box. The envelopes are identified on the outside as "Bounty Land Files, Act of 1855." The name of the veteran is given, his grade, service date, company commander, tribal affiliation, and the warrant number and number of acres.

The applications have been arranged alphabetically by the name of the veteran. These names are primarily transcriptions of Indian names, such as In-to-yo-ye, Ish-tar-yi-see, or Soks-set-he-ne-ha. Whenever second names appear, the order is by the first name. For example, Ne-har-locco Harjo is filed under N.

1900 U.S. Federal Census • Indian Territory
http://www.ancestry.com/search/io/chooseco.asp?c=4&f7=IT

Please choose a county:

•	Cherokee Nation	•	Modoc Nation	•	Seneca and Wyandotte Nations
•	Chickasaw Nation	•	Ottawa Nation	•	Shawnee Nation
•	Choctaw Nation	•	Quapaw and Peoria Nations
•	Creek Nation	•	Seminole Nation

U.S. Federal Census Records – Counties
After separating the census records into groups by state, the federal government subdivided these records into county groups. Searching for an ancestor on the county level provides a smaller region for research if you remain uncertain about the specific township where your ancestor resided. Researchers should also be aware of boundary line or jurisdictional changes through time. These changes may affect where an ancestor was enumerated on the census, so it remains important to
 search the counties surrounding the area where your ancestor lived.

NARA microfilm publication Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 (692 rolls) contains census rolls that were usually submitted each year by agents or superintendents in charge of Indian reservations, as required by an act of July 4, 1884 (23 Stat. 98). The data on the rolls vary to some extent, but usually given are the English and/or Indian name of the person, roll number, age or date of birth, sex, and relationship to head of family.

Beginning in 1930, the rolls also show the degree of Indian blood, marital status, ward status, place of residence, and sometimes other information. For certain years--including 1935, 1936, 1938, and 1939--only supplemental rolls of additions and deletions were compiled. Most of the 1940 rolls have been retained by the Bureau of Indian Affairs and are not included in this publication.

There is not a census for every reservation or group of Indians for every year. Only persons who maintained a formal affiliation with a tribe under federal supervision are listed on these census rolls.

Use the NARA Archival Information Locator (NAIL) to learn which NARA units which have copies of this microfilm publication.   [[692 rolls are compiled by date, location and tribe name.]]

Today in History, June 13, 1660 - Wamsetta

Wamsetta, a Wampanoag, and his younger brother, Metacomet (various spellings), have requested "English" names from the Plymouth court. Today, their names will be officially be changed to Alexander and Philip Pokanoket. Philip would eventually be called "King Philip".

Phil Konstantin's website, http://members.tripod.com/~PHILKON/   "Neshoba" ozi@ozramp.net.au

Today in History, June 21, 1674 
Chatot Indians have a mission established for them today west of the Apalachicola River.

From Phil Konstantin's website, http://members.tripod.com/~PHILKON/
Source:  "Neshoba" ozi@ozramp.net.au   On This Day In History: June 21, 1674 - Chatot



From http://seminolewar.freeservers.com/counties/c1howaby.html

The Choctawhatchee River was inhabited by early Floridians for thousands of years before the Spanish arrived. The Spanish mentioned Chatot or Chacato Indians who lived in the area. At first the Chatot resisted Spanish influence, but later many converted and settled around the Spanish mission at San Luis, south of Tallahassee. They were driven away or captured as slaves during English raids between 1695 to 1705. It is said that the Chatot were related to the Choctaws. After English South Carolina Governor Moore's raids around 1700, the Chatot moved to Mobile, and then to eastern Texas or Oklahoma.


From http://www.choctawindian.com/

The Choctaw Indian Nation, a Muskogean tribe also known as Chakchiuma, or Chatot, traces its roots to the Mississippi Valley and some parts of Alabama.


http://www.hiddenhistory.com/PAGE3/swsts/florida1.htm

Chatot. Meaning unknown,  the forms of this word greatly resemble the synonyms of the name Choctaw.  Connections.-The language spoken by this tribe belonged, undoubtedly, to the southern division of the Muskhogean stock.  Location.-West of Apalachicola River, perhaps near the middle course of the Chipola. (See also Georgia, Alabama, and Louisiana).

Villages: From the names of two Spanish missions among them it would appear that there were at least two towns in early times, one called Chacato, after the name of the tribe, and the other Tolentino.

        History.-The Chatot are first mentioned in a Spanish document of 1639 in which the governor of Florida congratulates himself on having consummated peace between the Chatot, Apalachicola, and Yamasee on one side and the Apalachee on the other. This, he says, "is an extraordinary thing, because the aforesaid Chacatos never maintained peace with anybody."
        In 1674 the two missions noted above were established among these people, but the following year the natives rebelled. The disturbance was soon ended by the Spanish officer Florencia, and the Chatot presently settled near the Apalachee town of San Luis, mission work among them being resumed. 
        In 1695, or shortly before, Lower Creek Indians attacked this mission, plundered the church, and carried away 42 Christianized natives. In 1706 or 1707, following on the destruction of the Apalachee towns, the Chatot and several other small tribes living near it were attacked and scattered or carried off captive, and the Chatot fled to Mobile, where they were well received by Bienville and located on the site of the present city of Mobile. When Bienville afterward moved the seat of his government to this place he assigned to them land on Dog River by way of compensation. After Mobile was ceded to the English in 1763 the Chatot, along with a number of other small tribes near Hak City, moved to Louisiana. 
        They appear to have settled first on Bayou Boeuf and later on Sabine River. Nothing is heard of them afterward though in 1924 some old Choctaw remembered their former presence on the Sabine. The remnant may have found their way to Oklahoma.

A test dig unearths a crucial site in Texas' fight for independence

        In a test dig sponsored by Chambers County with a $35,000 grant, the group unearthed the bases of the 4-foot-thick brick walls that formed the foundation of Fort Anahuac.
        The fort, built by Mexico in 1830 on a bluff overlooking the mouth of the Trinity River, is considered by some historians the site where the first shots of the Texas Revolution were fired.
        The importance of Fort Anahuac in the drive for Texas' independence has long been overlooked, said County Judge Jimmy Sylvia.
         "I'm hoping this test dig helps put Fort Anahuac in the history books where it belongs," he said. "It's never gotten the recognition it deserves." 
        The excavation is the first step in the county's plan to build a nearby replica of the fort to help show its significance in Texas history, said the county judge.
        The fortress, named after an ancient capital of the Aztecs, was used by Mexico to collect customs from cargo ships in the Galveston Bay area and enforce a new law curtailing further Anglo-American settlement in the area, records show.
        Sent by George Gause   Source: Gonzalez, Fabian  FGonzalez@tmw.com

Ancestor

Date in 
Bexar Co.

Born-Died

Spouse

Bexar First Families number

        CAMERON PARK, Texas - The poorest community in the United States is a cluster of shacks stretching for miles (kilometers) near the Mexican border, new census figures show. Among places with 1,000 households or more, Cameron Park ranks dead last in the country in median per-capita income, at dollars 4,103 a year.
        Some 1,800 colonias, or shantytowns that developed without services like water or sewers, have emerged along the Texas-Mexico border. They started in the late 1960s and early 1970s with landowners offering mostly poor Mexican immigrants land on easy terms.
         It has been against the law since 1995 to sell unimproved land for housing.  A constitutional amendment passed last November authorized up to 175 million dollars in state bonds to build or improve roads and drainage. And the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (news - web sites) has offered low-cost financing to build homes.
        Services have improved, the new sidewalks means children can walk to the bus on rainy days without having to wrap garbage bags around their shoes.  Most of the homes have indoor plumbing.  At a community center, families now are matched with food stamps and other public assistance programs. There are English classes, and a new computer center is under construction.

People are staying and building homes. It's part of the mindset they brought with them from Mexico." Rendon said.  "A person doesn't have anything unless you have property and your own home."

          The website has a ship passenger lists which have been copied from microfilmed copies of the Daily Picayune newspaper, published in New Orleans, Louisiana. Every effort was made to make an accurate transcription. If you wish to check the accuracy of a surname, send an email and a check will be made. I will also email you a scanned copy of the original newspaper article for your records (.bmp format only).
        Although Spanish surname passengers are few, scanning is quick and a family name may be found, such as the Francisco Emanuel de Rodrigues in the following ship record.

The Daily Picayune, New Orleans, January 17, 1849. - The following is a sampling from the list of passengers on the ship Architect, that arrived in San Francisco, June 28, 1849:

Los Adaes
Believed to be the site of the first Spanish settlement in Louisiana, the Spanish established the mission San Miguel of los Adaes in 1717 to spread Christianity to the Adaes Indians and to protect against the French in Natchitoches.  Although the French 5took the mission in 1719, the Spanish returned in 1721, and Los Adaes served as the capital of the Spanish province of Texas for many years.  The threat of French Natchitoches was removed in 1762, when Spain acquired Louisiana, so the capital was moved to San Antonio, and the town of Los Adaes was ordered to be destroyed.  Not wanting to return to San Antonio, many Adaesaños established new towns in the area, such as Zwolle and Ebarb, whose founder was former Los Adaes resident Gil Y'Barbo.

El Camino Real
Also known as the Old San Antonio road, El Camino Real connected the Spanish territory in Texas with the territory in Louisiana during the Co9lonial period and into the 19th century.  Following a well-worn buffalo path, El Camino Real connected Natchitoches in Louisiana with Nacogdoches, San Antonio and other smaller settlements in Texas.  The Old San Antonio Road served as the principal route for American going into Texas during the 1820s and 12830.  Today, the route of the Old San Antonio road can be followed from Natchitoches along LA 6 through the Old Neutral Ground, past Fort Jesup and Los Adaes, to Many and on into Texas.
        ¿Cómo se dice Luisiana? a guide to Louisiana's Hispanic Heritage, Office of Tourism
        Sent by Bill Carmena

What information is provided? The database includes names of passengers and members of their traveling parties, age, gender, occupation, country (or area) of origin, ship name, dates of departure, original port of their departure, date of arrival, and destination in the United States as well as the source of the information listed.   In all, the names of 132,119 passengers from the period of roughly 1844-1954 have been entered.  There was a total of 83,072 pages of input with a total of 50,371 different last names. The largest single last name was Schmidt with 540 people with that last name.  27 names had 100 or more people with that last name.   Over 2% of the records have neither a departure nor an arrival date. There are about 810 different ports of origin for the ships coming to Galveston.  33 of the ports of origin had 100 or more family arrivals into Galveston.  However the majority (71%) of the immigrants to Galveston had Bremen, Germany as the port of origin.  The largest single destination was Galveston (with over 14,000 families), but more that 13,000 families do not list a destination.   Other high number destinations include Houston, San Antonio,  Ft. Worth, San Francisco, Los Angles, Kansas City, Dallas, New Orleans, Beaumont and New York (in THAT order).  There was a total of almost 5,000 different destinations in the 83,000 families.  There is a lot of information in the database, it just takes time and thought to evaluate what is there.
                                                                                                    Sent by Johanna de Soto

New Juárez High School to Accept City's Brightest Students
        El Diario, Article by Horacio Carrasco Soto    frontera@nmsu.edu  (Frontera)  6-14-02
        In August, Ciudad Juarez's 120 best junior-high graduates will begin taking classes at a new high school intended to prepare them to attend the world's best universities, said José Reyes Ferriz, Cd. Juárez interim mayor.
        In addition to the usual high school subjects taught in Cd. Juárez, the Preparatoria Central will offer a program heavy in English, business classes, and computer and technology instruction.
        There will be a computer for each student that attends the school and class periods will be longer than at other schools. Intensive English will also be part of the school's program.
        Students will receive a scholarship equivalent to US$100 per month and will be served two meals a day. Students will not have to pay the usual registration fees and will receive all their school supplies for free. The director of the school will be Alfredo Cervantes García, former head
of the Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez.

ADOPT A COMMUNITY:  Three to One Program 

COAHUILA
1. Viesca
COLIMA
2. Cuauhtémoc
CHIAPAS
3. La Grandeza
4. Ocosingo
CHIHUAHUA
5. Balleza
6. Batopilas
7. Guadalupe y Calvo
DURANGO
8. El Mezqauital
9. Otaez
ESTADO DE MÉXICO
10. Sultepec
GUANAJUATO
11. Allende
12. Moroleón
13. Ocampo
14. Santiago Maravatio
15. Uriangato
GUERRERO
16. Ajuchitlan del Progreso
17. General Canuto A. Neri
18. Olinala
19. Pedro Ascencio Alquisiras
20. San Miguel Totolapan
HIDALGO
21. Atlapexco
22. La Misión
23. Nicolas Flores
24. Pacula
25. San Bartolo Tutotepec
26. Xochiatipan

        There are over 100 collections.  This is an example of just one of the holdings for an individual. Not all include the chronology.  The earliest date is 1547.   Please send comments. Questions are welcomed. Send to the Benson Latin American Collection at: blac@lib.utexas.edu or call the Rare Books and Manuscripts section at (512) 495-4578. In the body of your message, include your name, your e-mail address, and your post office address (street, city, ZIP code, etc.).
        Por favor envíe preguntas sobre estas colecciones a: blac@lib.utexas.edu o llame a la sección de Libros Raros y Manuscritos al (512) 495-4578. Incluya en el texto de su mensaje su nombre, su dirección electrónica, y su dirección de correo (calle, ciudad, código postal, etc.).

Benson Latin American Collection, Rare Books and Manuscripts Inventory
Juan Pablo Anaya Papers Prepared by the Mexican Archives Project November 1994

        The Juan Pablo Anaya Papers form part of the Genaro García Collection, which was purchased by the University of Texas in 1921 from the heirs of Genaro García. The papers were described by the Benson Latin American Collection's Mexican Archives Project in November 1993.
        The physical extent of the papers is eight inches. The papers are in Spanish, and are also available on microfilm. The suggested citation for the papers is "Juan Pablo Anaya Papers, 1810-1911, Benson Latin American Collection, General Libraries, University of Texas at Austin."

Biographical Sketch:  General and politician. Born 1785 in Lagos, Jalisco; died 1850 in Mexico City. Veteran of the Mexican War of Independence; aided the United States against the British in Carolina. Deputy to the national congress (1821). General Brigada de los Ejércitos Nacionales (1824). Comandante General for Chiapas (1828). Brigadier General and General de Division (1832). Ministro de Guerra (January 8-30, 1833) in the administration of president Gómez Pedraza. Governor of Tabasco (Nov. 17, 1840-Dec. 6, 1840). Comandante General de Sinaloa and Sonora (1847). Jefe del Ejército del Ocidente (1847). Involved with construction of a railroad from Mexico City to Veracruz (1848). Relieved of command December 27, 1848, and became subject of investigation concerning his reduction of the customs tax.

Scope and Contents Note: Correspondence, printed materials, financial and legal documents, and literary productions concerning Anaya's military and political career. Papers of his wife, Mercedes Jaime de Aguirre, and daughter, Gila Anaya, include correspondence, financial, and legal documents, mostly relating to Anaya's military pension. Newspaper clippings concern the construction of the railroad from Mexico City to Veracruz.
Chronology

1785	Born in Lagos, Jalisco
1810	joined with Hidalgo and Allende, War of Mexican Independence
1813	named General
1813	commissioned to go to U.S., where he asked for military supplies and recognition of the Mexican independence movement
1814	aids U.S. against British in Carolina
1815	struggle for independence of Carolina
1815	in New Orleans for recognition of Mexican flag by U.S.
1820	prisoner of war of Juan Dominguez
1821	joined Iguala Plan; Deputy to first Congress; made Brigadier General
1822	still Deputy; imprisoned and sentenced to death in Guadalajara
1822/24	Diputado por Guadalajara
1824	married Doña Mercedes Jaime de Aguirre
1824	General Brigada de los Ejércitos Nacionales
1826	made General de Division
1828	Comandante General for Chiapas
1829	Comandante General for Chiapas
1832	appointed Major General
1832	received rank of Brigadier General and Divisionario
	Minister of War in the Gómez Pedraza administration
1832/33	General de Division
1833	Minister of War, January 8-30
1834	Iguala, persecutions
1835	exiled
1840	Governor of Tabasco, Nov. 17, 1840-Dec. 6, 1840
1839	engaged in interterritorial Mexican battles; various states
1847	Commander General of Sinaloa
1848	railroad to Veracruz from Mexico City
1849	made Comandante General de Sinaloa
1849	transferred for his position and brought to trial for having lowered the customs tax by one-half without proper authority
1850	died in Mexico City

Sources: Porrúa; Juan Pablo Anaya Papers

Subgroups and Series: The Juan Pablo Anaya Papers were arranged into two subgroups by the staff of the Mexican Archives Project. One subgroup was formed around Anaya and the other around his family. The subgroups were organized into series by document format. The total extent of the papers is eight inches.

I. Juan Pablo Anaya
Correspondence, 1822-1851, 2.5 inches. Subunits/folder titles include general correspondence (1822-1851), Sonora Treasury Department (1845), Comandante General de Sinaloa y Sonora (1847-1848), customs tax investigation (1848-1849), and registers of correspondence (1847-1848).
Printed material, 1821-1851, 2 folders plus oversized. Includes newspapers and clippings (1830-1851) and broadsides and circulars (1821-1833).
Financial documents, 1849, 1 folder. Consists of receipts and an undated list.
Literary Productions, 1841 and undated, 1 folder. Contains autobiographical material, reports, speeches, and research notes.
Legal Documents, 1818-1849, 3 folders. Includes certificates (1824-1850), declarations and statements (1818-1848), and decrees and orders (1833-1835).
Sueldos y alcances, 1823-1855, 1 folder.

II. Anaya Family
Correspondence, 1886-1899, 1 folder.
Printed Material, 1861-1911, 1 folder.
Financial Documents, 1856-1895, 1 folder.
Legal Documents, 1850-1897, 1 folder.                                             Sent by Johanna de Soto

MONOGRAFIA MUNICIPAL, AHUALULCO  
por 
Inocencio Noyola

El municipio de Ahualulco del Sonido 13 se localiza hacia el norponiente de la ciudad de San Luis Potosí; está limitado por los municipios de Mexquitic, Moctezuma y el de la capital, y por el estado de Zacatecas. Según el censo de 1990 cuenta con 67 localidades y con una población de 18,117 habitantes. Los principales lugares, aparte de la cabecera municipal (2545 habs.), son Cerrito de Rojas (1075 habs.), Paso Bonito (862), San Juan de Coyotillos (715), Ejido del Centro (698), Santa Teresa (622), Cerrito Blanco (539), La Encarnación (537), Yerbabuena (507), Colonia de la Cruz (497), San Salvador (478), Estación Ipiña (458), y Barrancas (450), entre otros. Su territorio comprende 681.6 km2.

Hacinenda 
de Pozo de Acuña

Pueblo Fantosma

Archivo Historico del Estado, Lic. Antonio Rocha Arista, 400 Esq. con Independencia, Tel 4-26-69

Los inicios: 1590-1786. Hacia el siglo XVI, el actual territorio del municipio de Ahualulco estuvo habitado por indios guachichiles, quienes poseían una cultura basada en la casa y en la recolección de frutos y semillas silvestres. Debido a que practicaban un nomadismo relativo, los guachichiles no dejaron rastros notorios de su cultura, salvo puntas de flecha y dibujos en cuevas que se localizan en varios lugares del municipio.

En esta periodización de la historia de Ahualulco hay que resaltar un hecho significativo: la dotación
 de ejidos a diferentes lugares del municipio que carecían de tierras, lo cual significó también la desaparición de las grandes haciendas dominantes del paisaje y de la vida rural. Las primeras dotaciones se iniciaron en 1921 en Coyotillos y Tomates; entre este año y hasta 1937 se repartieron tierras en 1924 en Ipiña, San Juan, el Zapote, San Antonio y Cañada Grande; en 1925 en Santa Teresa; a Cerritos y Tulillo les correspondió en 1927; La Parada, San Juan de la Hija y Ahualulco en 1928; en 1934 en El Pedregal; Arenal de Morelos en 1935; Arenal en 1936 y en El Rosal en 1937.

ESTIRPE Y MAYORAZGO DE LOS BERVER Y VARGAS 
DE SAN MIGUEL EL GRANDE DE LA NUEVA ESPAÑA

ESTUDIO HISTÓRICO-GENEALÓGICO
GUILLERMO PADILLA ORIGEL  
padillaoguillermo@prodigy.net.mx

LEÓN, GTO. 12 DE JUNIO DE 2002

Este distinguido linaje, procedente del noreste de España, en el pueblo de San Feliú de Llobregat, provincia de Gerona ó Girona, en la región de Cataluña, se traslada una rama hacia la villa de Jerez de los Caballeros, en Extremadura, con el apellido inicial como "Berver" y fue hasta el siglo XVI cuando se empezó a usar el compuesto lo mas seguro desposados un o una " Berver " (escrito antiguamente así y después como "Verver" ) con un o una " Vargas", siendo en esa época muy usual ya que era importante no borrar el linaje de mayor influencia.

No se si existe el dato de cuando el primer " Berver y Vargas " , llegó a la Nueva España , pero posiblemente fue a fines del siglo XVI ó principios del XVII , radicaron en la capital del Virreinato varios años hasta por el año de 1705 , se avecindaron en la Villa de San Miguel el Grande (hoy de Allende , en el estado de Guanajuato), ya que Don Antonio de Berver y Vargas y Sierra, se casó con dama Sanmiguelense, y asentado en esa región logró incrementar considerablemente su patrimonio, adquiriendo varias fincas urbanas y la famosa hacienda de " San Rafael de Tequisiquiapam", cercana a la congregación de los Dolores ( Dolores Hidalgo, Gto.) quedando como albacea su hijo el Pbro. y Lic. Don Félix de Berver y Vargas y Acosta, cura Domiciliado del Obispado de Michoacán , que a su vez Constituyó el famoso Mayorazgo en la Villa de San Miguel el Grande el 7 de Junio de 1732 el cual dice:

"Yo, Lic. Don Félix de Berver y Vargas , Pbro., originario de esta Villa de San Miguel el Grande ,de la Nueva España, digo: que por cuanto tengo y poseo por mias propias dos casas en la plaza pública, de esta villa, las unas altas, cuyo sitio tiene doce varas de frente y treinta y una de fondo, que lindan por el oriente, con dicha plaza pública, donde mira dicho frente, por el poniente, con casas de Don Francisco de Vargas, mi hermano, por el norte con las de los herederos de Nicolás de Solís y por el sur , con casas de Juan Serrano, que la hube y adquirí, en virtud de sección y traspaso, que de ellas me hizo, la dicha mi madre Doña Antonia Muñoz de Acosta, en cuanto de lo que me tocare y debiera percibir de herencia y legitima materna, por escritura en esta villa, del 30 de Diciembre de 1715.

Y estando como estoy en quieta y pacífica posesión de dichas casas y deseando que estas se mantengan, conserven y que permanezcan siempre en mis hermanos, parientes y consanguíneos , sucediéndose los unos a los otros, para su habitación y morada por los días de su vida etc. etc.

Finalmente es condición que todos los sucesores en dichas casas y cada uno en su tiempo han de seguir y ponerse mi apellido de Berver y Vargas, usando de él y firmándose en todas las escrituras, cartas, contratos y demás actos judiciales, etc, etc.

Herederos: Br. Don Juan y Don Ignacio de Berver y Vargas y por Don Francisco, difunto, su hijo Don Joseph de Berver y Vargas, y añado al Vínculo de las casas la hacienda de san Rafael de Tequisquiapam."

En 1801, Don Manuel Nicolás de Berver y Vargas, actual poseedor de dichas propiedades solicita licencia para poder vender las fincas, ya que necesitaba recursos , pero no le fue concedida hasta 1807, donde Don Manuel Nicolás , vende la hacienda a Don Antonio Cayetano Ramírez, dando fin al Mayorazgo establecido durante 75 años.

Después vino la guerra de independencia, la reforma , etc. y se fueron desmembrando varias ramas de este linaje radicando independientemente de San Miguel el grande, hacia Santa Rosa de Jáuregui, Qro., y Silao, Gto., viviendo en la actualidad en esas ciudades asi como : Irapuato, y León del estado de Guanajuato; en Guadalupe Zacatecas, la ciudad de México y algunos en los Estados Unidos de Norte América..


ESTUDIO GENEALÓGICO

I.-Don Joseph de Berver y Vargas, nacido hacia 1618, se casó el 17 de Mayo de 1644, en el sagrario metropolitano de la ciudad de México con Doña Juana de Miranda y fue su hijo entre otros:

Doña Isabel de Berver y Vargas y Miranda, baut. el 25 de Julio de 1648, en el sagrario metropolitano de la ciudad de México, y se casó con Don Joseph Padilla y Barahona y Estrada , el 23 de Diciembre de 1679

Don Joseph de Berver y Vargas y Miranda, baut. el 14 de Diciembre de 1650 en el sagrario en México y su hermano:

II.-Don Juan de Berver y Vargas y Miranda, baut. el 10 de Febrero de 1652 en el sagrario de la ciudad de México, y se casó el 18 de Octubre de 1678 en el sagrario de la ciudad de México , con Doña María de Sierra y fue su hijo entre otros:

III.-Don Antonio de Berver y Vargas y Sierra, nacido en México, por 1680 y se casó por 1708 en la villa de San Miguel el Grande con Doña Antonia de Acosta y Muñoz, orig. de esta Villa y fueron sus hijos todos nacidos en San Miguel :

Pbro. Don Félix de Berver y Vargas y Acosta, nacido por 1716, quien efectuó el Mayorazgo en escritura Pública el 7 de Junio de 1732 en la villa de San Miguel el Grande

Don Francisco de Berver y Vargas y Acosta, nace por 1718 , muerto en 1732 y fue su hijo Don Joseph de Berver y Vargas que se casó con Doña Juana Gertrudis García el 27 de Mayo de 1754 en la hoy parroquia de Dolores Hidalgo, Gto., y a la vez fue su hijo:

Don Joseph María de Berver y Vargas y Garcia , que se casó el 14 de Enero de 1813 en Dolores Hidalgo, Gto. con Doña Rafaela Elizondo, con sucesión

Pbro. Don Juan de Berver y Vargas y Acosta , nació por 1720

IV.-Don Ignacio de Berver y Vargas y Acosta, nació por 1722 y se casó con Doña Felipa Marmolejo, originaria de la villa de San Felipe, y fueron sus hijos:

Don Joseph María de Berver y Vargas y Marmolejo, casado con Doña María Catalina de Rincón y Mafra , y

V.-Don Manuel Nicolás de Berver y Vargas y Marmolejo, nacido por 1745 casado en san Miguel con Doña Ana María Josefa del Rincón y Mafra y fueron sus hijos :

Don Ignacio de Jesús de Verver y Vargas y Rincón, baut. el 23 de Febrero de 1772 en Dolores Hidalgo, Gto.

Don Joseph Guillermo de Verver y Vargas y Rincón, baut. eñ 27 de Febrero de 1776 en Dolores Hidalgo, Gto. y

VI.-Don Joseph María Cecilio de Verver y Vargas y Rincón, nació por 1780, baut. en Dolores Hidalgo, y se casó con Doña Maria Josefa Elizondo y fueron sus hijos:

Don José Juan Nepomuceno de Verver y Vargas y Elizondo, baut. el 4 de Septiembre de 1810 en Dolores Hidalgo, Gto. y se casó el 27 de Junio de 1849 con Doña María Joaquina Sánchez, en Santa Rosa de Jáuregui, Qro., y fue su hija entre otros:

Doña Maria Vita de Verver y Vargas y Sánchez y

VII.-Don Loreto Lucas de Verver y Vargas y Elizondo, nace por 1802, y se casa por 1823 con su prima Doña Maria Antonia de Verver y Vargas y fue su hijo entre otros:

VIII.-Don Fernando Petronilo de Verver y Vargas y Verver y Vargas, baut. el 1 de Junio de 1824 en San Miguel de Allende, casado con Doña María Alamilla y Cuevas y fue su hijo entre otros:

IX.-Don Luis de Verver y Vargas y Alamilla, nace por 1850 en San Miguel , y se casó por 1878 con Doña Aurelia González, y fue su hijo entre otros:

X.-Don Jesús de Verver y Vargas y González, nació el 15 de Julio de 1885 en San Miguel, y se casó por 1906 con Doña Maria del Carmen Romo López, hija legítima de Don Sebastián Romo y de Doña Jovita López, don Jesús murió el 28 de diciembre de 1962 y fue su hijo entre otros:

Don Heladio de Verver y Vargas y Romo, casado con Herlinda Ramírez, fueron sus hijos varias mujeres y un varón el ilustre Médico Don Heladio de Verver y Vargas y Ramírez, residentes en Guadalupe, Zacatecas.

Doña Dolores de Verver y Vargas y Romo, casada con Ismael Padilla

Don Alonso de Verver y Vargas y Romo, Pbro.

Don Carlos de Verver y Vargas y Romo, casado con Aurora Cortina , residentes en Irapuato, Gto.

XI.-Don Luis de Verver y Vargas y Romo, nació el 22 de Febrero de 1910 en San Miguel de Allende, Gto. radicando varios años en Silao, Gto. y se casó con Doña Margarita Macias y Macias, hija legítima de Don Alberto Macias y de Hoyos, nacido el 7 de agosto de 1864 en Marfil, Gto. y de Doña Guadalupe Macias y Fernández, originaria de Irapuato, Gto., y fueron sus hijos nacidos en Silao de la Victoria, Gto. :

Doña Maria Guadalupe de Verver y Vargas y Macias, casada con Leopoldo Pérez Guerra, y fueron sus hijos: Margarita, Michel y Leopoldo Pérez y Verver y Vargas


Don Luis de Verver y Vargas y Macias, que sigue.

Lic. Don Jesús de Verver y Vargas y Macias, casado con Mará Teresa Funes y Escurria, orig. de Gto. y fueron sus hijos :

Luis Carlos e Itzia Verver y Vargas y Funes, radican en México D.F.

Doña Maria Margarita de Verver y Vargas y Macias, se caso con el Arq. Enrique Velasco, y fueron sus hijos:

Enrique y Luz Liliana Velasco y Verver y Vargas

Doña Blanca Martha de Verver y Vargas y Macias, casada con Salvador Rodríguez Orozco, y fueron sus hijas:

Xóchitl y Heminia Rodríguez y Verver y Vargas

Don Arturo de Verver y Vargas y Macias, se casa con María de los Ángeles Muñoz, orig. de Gto., y fueron sus hijos:

Zenaida, Ruth Ariadna, Luz María, Rebeca y Pueblito, Gto. de Verver y Vargas y muñoz

XII.-C.P. Don Luis de Verver y Vargas y Macias, nació en Silao de la Victoria, Gto. el 17 de Octubre de 1937 y se casó en León, Gto. con Doña Maria Teresa Martínez y Arbaiza , hija legítima de Don Alfonso Martínez Bessonart y de Doña Teresa Arbaiza, y fueron sus hijos nacidos todos en la industrial Ciudad de León de los Aldamas , Gto.:

XIII.-Luis Alfonso de Vervr y Vargas y Martínez, soltero

Héctor Mauricio de Verver y Vargas y Martínez, casado con Georgina Hernández y son sus hijos : Mauricio y Luis Oscar de Verver y Vargas y Hernández

Sandra Elizabeth de Verver y Vargas y Martínez, casada con Daniel Jiménez

Verónica Ivette de Verver y Vargas y Martínez, casada con Alejandro Winder, su hijo: Alejandro Winder y Verver y Vargas

Ana María de Verver y Vargas y Martínez, su hijo Damián

Jesús Luis de Verver y Vargas y Martínez, soltero.

Notas:

Fichas Genealógicas de Berver y Vargas , estado de Guanajuato , México, D.F. y Querétaro

Libro : Mayorazgos de la Nueva España, de lic. Guillermo Fernández de Recas México, 1965

Información verbal del C.P. Luis Verver y Vargas Macias

Informes y archivo de Notaria Parroquial de San Miguel de Allende, y Dolores Hidalgo,Gto.

By Andres Oppenheimer, Miami Herald, 5-16-02  aoppenheimer@herald.com

A new poll by Bendixen and Associates found that 48 percent of Cuban exiles are sending money to their relatives in Cuba. According to estimates of the Inter-American Development Bank and other organizations, such money transfers pump anywhere from $600 to $950 million a year into the 
Cuban economy, and have become one of the island's top income sources.
Sent by Zeke Hernandez  zekeher@juno.com

(Tomado de la página de Angel Terceño, con algunas glosas mías)

Según Fray Serafín Gómez el apellido Grijalba es originario de este pueblo y hace siglos se extendieron por Palencia, Segovia y la Rioja.

En 1330, el Rey Alfonso XI hizo caballero de la Bada a Pedro García de Grijalba, en Burgos.

En el siglo XVI Fernando Grijalba acompañó a Hernán Cortés a Méjico y posteriormente descubrió California.

El más importante es, sin duda, Juan de Grijalva :

Juan Grijalvo Moreno, de Palenzuela, y Pilar Rodríguez Cabezudo, de Baltanás
Sent by Eddie Grijalva, Grijalvaet1@cs.com

On July 5-7, the Islamic Society of North America is gathering Hispanic Muslims in suburban Chicago to study efforts to attract more Hispanics to Islam.  In 1997, the American Muslim Council counted 40,000 Hispanic Muslims; current estimates range up to 60,000. Estimates of the total number of U.S. Muslims vary wildly, from about 1.8 million to 7 million.

Curiosity brought Benjamin Perez Mahomah of Oakland, Calif. to his first Nation of Islam meeting in 1957. He was the only Latino at the meetings of dozens, then hundreds, of blacks, he said. Now, he travels around the country lecturing Spanish-speaking audiences.  "I saw there was a lot of knowledge in their teachings to black people. Their food was delicious. They were friendly. I liked it there and I stayed," he said.

After doing some research concerning the Canary Islands, I ran across some interesting information about the early settlements of the Canary Islands.  it appears as if Tenerife received most of the Portuguese settlers in the Canaries, although "Gran Canaria and Gomera had some settlers as well.

In the book A Concise History of Portugal, the author David Birmingham puts it, ". .  the Portuguese embarked on their own career of imperial expansion and settler colonization.  Their firs successes were on the islands in the Atlantic.  In the Canary Islands they had to enslave the indigenous Berbers before turn the conquerors into landowners to grow vines and sell canary wine.  The scheme was successful and Tenerife in particular attracted many land-hungry immigrants, but after half a century of Portuguese activity the Canaries wee transferred to Castile in one of the many peace treaties that tried to abate intra-Iberian rivalry."

The following is from the book Protocolo de Juan Ruiz Berlanga 1507-1508
"La poblacion de Tenerife en estos anos inmediatos a la anexion de la Corona de Castilla es consecuencia del complejo proceso de poblacion del complejo proceso de poblacion y procede del reino castellano.

A su lado conviven los del reino catalano-aragones, los portugueses, genoveses (italianos) e indigena.

Ya se ha destacado en multitud de ocasones el papel atribuido a los portugueses en el desenvolimiento en las Islas Canarias  fueron entonces el lugar mad apropiado y asequible para colocar el excedente poblacion de Portugal, es decir la tierra de promision para tratar de consiguir una mejor posicion  o una posibilidad de obtener mejor rendimiento sea de la clase que fuere.

Algo analogo a lo ocurrido mas tarde con el descubrimiento de nuevas  tierra, era todo una tentacin que no podia perderse.

Para el desarrollo de la industria azucarera eran imprescindibles los portugueses por us conocimiento y technica de oficios relacionados con este producto.  La mayoria de los artesanos eran originarios del reino de Portugal.  

• Protocolos de Juan Ruiz de Berlanga 1507-1508
• Protocolos de Hernan Guerra  1508-1510
• Reformacin de Repartamiento (in this book references are usually made about portutgues people being granted land such as " . . . el valle de Guidmad e que a portugueses ha dado muchas tierras en especial al dicho Goncalianes. . .  
• Note: some of these surnames were probably altered by the Spanish (ez) vs (es) suffix.

SPAIN: 
ASCENDANCY AND DECLINE
by 
John P. Schmal

SOME PATRIOTS OF NEW SPAIN DURING SPAIN’S 1779-83 WAR WITH ENGLAND – DURING THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION 

Researched and Contributed by Granville W. and N. C. Hough

References: Magdeleno, Ricardo, Catalogo XXII del Archivo de Simancas,
Secretaria de Guerra (Siglo XVIII), Hojas de Servicios de America, Valladolid, 1958; 
and Legajo 7277, LDS microfilm roll 1156340.

Antonio Hernández (1740 City of Almeria - ), Adjutant Major in 1780, Capt and Lt Col, Vets of San Blas, 1801.
Francisco Hernández (1762 - ), Soldier and Cpl, 1778-1789, Regt Cav Borbon, in Blockade of Gibraltar, SubLt, Dragoons of Mexico, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:II:43.
José Herrera (1753 Zeuta - ), Lt, 1778-93, Lt, Grad Capt, Vets of San Blas, 1801, single, Legajo 7277:VIII:45.
Simon de Herrera Leiba (1754 Tenerife, Canary Islands - ), Lt in 1780, Lt Col, Governor of Nuevo León and Comandante, Provincial Militias, and Capt, Punto de Lampazos Cav, 1800, married, Legajo 7277:IX:19-45.
Juan de Huete (1736 Provencio, la Mancha - ), Lt, Grenadiers, 1779, Capt, grad Lt Col, Dragoons of Spain at Puebla, 1800, married, Legajo 7277:I:23.

Nicolas Iberri, Lt in 1780, Capt, Regt Corona of New Spain at San Carlos de Perote, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:III:21.
Agustín de Islas (1762 Horcasitas, Sonora - ), Cadet in 1780, SubLt, 2d Comp Vols of Cataluña, 1801, Fuerte de Perote, single, Legajo 7277:VIII:25.
Francisco Izquierdo (1759 Castillo la Reyna - ), Cpl in 1779, SubLt, Dragoons of Spain at Puebla, 1800, Legajo 7277:I:45.
Manuel Izquierdo, Soldier and Cpl, 1775-1789 in Immemorial and Louisiana Regts, 1st Sgt Grenadiers, Regt Corona of New Spain, San Carlos de Perote, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:III:65.

Vicente Jaure, Soldier and Cpl, 1776-93, Regt Aragon and others, served at Pensacola, 1st Sgt, Inf of New Spain at Veracruz, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:V:70.
Baltasar Juarez (1743 Puebla Sanabria, Spain - ), Lt in 1780, Capt, Dragoons of Spain at Puebla, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:I:24.
Andrés Kiss (Cataluña - ), Soldier and Distinguished Cpl, 1771-1783, served at Gibraltar, Cadiz, and Pensacola, Lt, Regt Corona of New Spain at San Carlos de Perote, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:III:37.


José Lafuente (1765 Mexico City - ), Cadet in 1780, Dragoons of Spain, Lt, 3rd Comp. Volante, Nuevo Santander, 1800, married, Legajo 7277:IX:13-39.
Antonio Larragoiti (1767 Madrid - ), Cadet in 1780, Lt Dragoons of Spain at Puebla, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:I:37.
Juan Larragoiti (1770 Madrid - ), son of Captain, Cadet in 1782 at Ceuta, SubLt, Dragoons of Spain at Puebla, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:I:55.
José María Lencasara (1761 Veracruz - ), SubLt in 1781, Capt, Dragoons of Mexico, 1800, married, Legajo 7277:???
Felipe Llanes, 2nd Sgt, Grenadiers in 1780, Capt, Regt Corona of New Spain at San Carlos de Perote, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:???
Juan Lopez (1762 Ciudad Jaen, Spain - ), Soldier in 1779 in Cav. Algarve Regt, in Cav. Gibraltar Grenadiers 1781-82, Sgt, Dragoons of Spain at Puebla, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:I:69.
Eugenio Lucas (1754 Castilla la Vieja - ), Soldier and Cpl, 1776-1788, in Gibraltar Blocade, then Expedition to America, 1781, SubLt, Inf of Puebla at Havana, 1800, Legajo 7277:VI:49.
Diego Madrid (1760 Extramadura - ), Soldier and Cpl, 1776-87, Extremadura, was in Gibraltar Blockade, then American Expedition, then went to Lima after the peace, SubLt, Inf of Puebla 1800 at Havana, Legajo 7277:VI:52.
Agustín Malavér (1761 Merida, Yucatan - ), Soldier, Dragoons of Mexico in 1782, 1st Sgt, 2d Comp. Volunteers of Cataluña, 1801, Fuerte de Perote, widower, Legajo 7277:VIII:27.
Juan Maroto, Soldier and Cpl, 1776-1797, Inf Zamora and others, served at Gibraltar and Pensacola, 1st Sgt, Inf of New Spain at Veracruz, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:V:76.
Gabriel Martínez (1764 Malaga - ), in Guardia de Corps, Jan 1783, Lt Grenadiers, Dragoons of Spain at Puebla, 1800, married, Legajo 7277:I:33.
Agustín Bernardo de Medina, Capt, 1776-1785, Comandante and Lt Col, Presidio Carmen, 1798, 1800, Legajo 7275:VII:13, and 7277:???
Joaquin Medina, SubLt, Militia, 1782, Lt, Inf of Mexico, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:???.
Ignacio Millan (1759 Mexico - ), Soldier 1774-1784, Sgt Dragoons of Spain at Puebla, 1800, Legajo 7277:I:60.
José Mendivil (Veracruz - ), Cadet in Jul 1783, Adjutant Major, Regt Corona of New Spain at San Carlos de Perote in 1800, single, Legajo 7277:III:38.
Antonio Meneses (1763 Anteguera - ), Soldier and Cpl, 1778-1790, Regt Aragon and others, served at Pensacola, 1st Sgt, Inf of New Spain at Veracruz in 1800, married, Legajo 7277:V:67.
José Mijangos, Soldier in 1781, at Guarico in 1782, 1st Sgt, Regt Corona of New Spain at San Carlos de Perote, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:III:70.
Mariano Miranda (1753 Mexico - ), SubLt for the Viceroy, 1780, Lt Dragoons of Spain at Puebla, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:I:31.
Casimiro Montero (before 1745 Cadiz, Spain - ), service began 1762, Capt, 1770-1790, Lt Col, Dragoons of Mexico, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:II:17.
José Moral, Soldier and Cpl, 1776-86, served at Guarico in 1782, SubLt Regt Corona of New Spain at San Carlos de Perote, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:III:49.
Ignacio Moreno, SubLt of Militia, 1782, Lt Grenadiers, Inf of Mexico, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:IV:35.
José Moreno, Soldier, Granada Regt, 1779, 1st Sgt, Inf of New Spain at Veracruz in 1800, single, Legajo 7277:V:65.
Millan Moreno, Soldier and Cpl, 1776-1782 in Aragon and Zamora Regts, in Cadiz, Havana, and Pensacola operations, SubLt, Inf of Mexico, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:IV:59.
Cornelio Muños (1751 Ciudad Puebla - ), Soldier and Cpl, 1771-84, Sgt, Dragoons of Mexico, 1800, Legajo 7277:II:59.
Francisco Muñoz Estepa, SubLt, 1781, at Gibraltar, at Cadiz and Guarico in 1782, Capt, Regt Corona of New Spain, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:III:24.
José Muñoz (1738 Zarago - ), Capt in 1781, Lt Col, Dragoons of Spain at Puebla, 1800, married, Legajo 7277:I:18.
Miguel Muños (1759 Mexico City - ), Soldier and Cpl, 1777-86, Sgt, Dragoons of Mexico, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:II:60.
Pedro Muñoz (1771 Veracruz - ), son of Colonel, minor Cadet in 1782, Lt, Dragoons of Spain at Puebla, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:I:40.

Felix Navamuel (1754 Palencia - ), Guardia de Corps in 1780, Adjutant Major, Dragoons of Mexico, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:II:32.
Domingo Ocampo, Cadet in May 1783, SubLt Grenadiers, Inf of New Spain at Veracruz, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:V:47.
Ramon de Oromi (1746 Cataluña - ), Lt, 1777-1785, Capt, Grenadiers, Regt Corona of New Spain at San Carlos de Perote, 1800, widower, Legajo 7277:III:20.
Diego Oroz (1737 - ), Adjutant Major for the Viceroy, 1781, Capt Grenadiers, grad Lt Col, Dragoons of Spain at Puebla, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:I:21.
Joaquin Ortigoza (1758 Zaragoza - ), Soldier in 1779 in Aragon Regt, served in Havana and Pensacola operations, 1st Sgt Inf of Mexico, 1800, married, Legajo 7277:IV:65.
Miguel Ortiz, Soldier and Cpl, 1776-1782, 2nd Sgt Jul 1782, served at Gibraltar in 1781, then at Cadiz and Guarico in 1782, in Saboya Regt to 1780, Zamora after 1780, SubLt, Inf of Mexico, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:IV:51.
Ramon Ortuño, Soldier in May 1783, Sgt Dragoons of Mexico in 1800, single, Legajo 7277:II:70.
Pedro Ossorio (1753 Tortosa - ), in Guardia de Corps in 1782, Capt, Inf Puebla in 1800 in Havana, Legajo 7277:VI:25.
Juan José Palacios (1756 Rancho Aguacates - ), Soldier in 1782, Sgt, Dragoons of Mexico, 1800, widower, Legajo 7277:II:69.
Ramon Parada, Cadet, Jan 1780, SubLt, Mar 1780, Capt, Inf of New Spain at Veracruz, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:VII:12.
Domingo Patiño (1762 New Spain - ), credit for service from Feb 1783, Michoacan Militia 1779-83 at half credit, 1st Sgt, Inf of Puebla in 1800 in Havana, Legajo 7277:VI:66.
Francisco Perez (1764 Havana - ), served 8 Mar 1780 at Mobile, 17 Oct 1780 Pensacola operation, SubLt, 1790, Lt, Inf of Puebla at Havana in 1800, Legajo 7277:VI:37.
Isidoro Perez de Acal, former Lt Col, 1799, at Presidio Carmen, Legajo 7275:VII:51 and 7277:???
José Perez (1759 Andalucia - ), Soldier and Cpl, 1776-88, Inf del Rey, at Pensacola in 1781 and Guarico, 1783, 1st Sgt Inf of Puebla 1800, Havana, Legajo 7277:VI:58.
José Peres Villarreal (1756 Mexico - ), Cpl in 1782, SubLt, Dragoons of Spain at Puebla, 1800, Legajo 7277:I:44.
Juan Perez (1762 Lupion - ), Soldier, Cav of Calatrava, 1782, Sgt, Dragoons of Mexico, 1800, widower, Legajo 7277:II:65.
Gerónimo Piedra Cardena (1764 Veracruz - ), Cadet in 1780, Adjutant Major, Dragoons of Spain at Puebla, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:I:36.
Francisco Pliego (1770 Tepexe dela Seda - ), Cadet in 1781 at San Juan de Ulua, Lt, Inf of Mexico, 1800, widower, Legajo 7277:I:68.
José Polo, Soldier and Cpl, 1776-89, in Havana and Guarico operations, SubLt of Bandera, Regt Corona of New Spain at San Carlos de Perote, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:III:64.
Manuel Priego, Soldier in Provincial Militia, 1780, 1st Sgt, Regt Corona of New Spain at San Carlos de Perote, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:III:75.
Patricio Prieto (Galicia - ), 1st Sgt, 1780 at San Juan de Ulua, Lt, Regt Corona of New Spain at San Carlos de Perote in 1800, single, Legajo 7277:III:41.

Agustín Ramirez (1758 Andalucia - ), SubLt in 1779 in Inf of America, served at Gibraltar and Menorca operations, Capt of Grenadiers in Inf of Puebla in 1800 at Havana, Legajo 7277:VI:18.
Pedro Ramirez (1760 Villa Punta de Lampazos - ), Soldier in 1781, Sgt, Cav Comp, Punta de Lampazos, 1800, married, Legajo 7277:IX:25-51.
Juan Ignacio Ramon (1756 Villa Punta de Lampazos - ), Sgt in 1779, Presidio San Antonio Babia, Lt and Comandante for Villa Punta de Lampazos in 1800, married, Legajo 7277:IX:20-40.
Juan Rendon, Portaguion in 1781, Lt, Dragoons of Mexico, 1800, married, Legajo 7277:II:29.
Feliz del Rey (1765 - ), Cadet, Garrison of Guatemala, Feb 1783, Capt, Inf of Puebla in 1800 at Havana, Legajo 7277:VI:26.
Manuel Rivas (1744 Veracruz - ), Sgt, 1776-84, Lt Dragoons of Spain at Puebla, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:I:39.
José Rivera (1739 Oaxaca - ), Sgt, 1767-86, Lt, Dragoons of Mexico, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:???
Mariano del Rivero (1761 Mexico City - ), Cadet in 1780, Portaguion in 1781, Lt, Dragoons of Mexico, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:II:31.
Manuel Rocha (1767 Orizaua - ), minor Cadet in 1781, Lt Dragoons of Spain at Puebla in 1800, single, Legajo 7277:I:38.
Antonio Rodriguez (1767 Villa del Prado Arrob’do - ), Soldier, Apr 1783 in Numancia Regt, SubLt, Dragoons of Spain, Puebla, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:I:54.
Francisco Rodriguez (1741 Cordova, Andalucia - ), Adjutant Major for the Viceroy, 1781, Sgt Major Dragoons of Spain at Puebla, 1800, married, Legajo 7277:???
Roberto Rollin (1744 France - ), 1st Sgt Grenadiers in Hibernia Regt, 1781, Sgt Major, grad Lt Col, Inf of Puebla in 1800 at Havana, Legajo 7277:VI:16.
Manuel de Rojas, Lt in 1779, Provincial Militia of Mexico, Lt, Dragoons of Mexico, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:II:28.
Mariano Romero (Valladolid, New Spain - ), SubLt Militias of Valladolid, 1782, 1st Sgt, Regt Corona, New Spain, at San Carlos de Perote, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:III:69.
Joaquin Romo, Lt in 1780, Capt, Dragoons of Mexico, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:II:24.
Gregora de la Rosa/ Larrosa, Lt in 1780, Dragoons of Numancia, Capt, Inf of Mexico, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:IV:24.
Pedro Ruiz (1763 Andalucia - ), Soldier, 1782 Cav. del Infante, 1st Sgt, Inf Puebla in 1800 at Havana, Legajo 7277:VI:65.
Pio María Ruiz, Soldier in 1780 in Oaxaca Militia, SubLt, Inf of Mexico, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:IV:56.

Manuel Julián Saenz, 2d Sgt in 1780, Lt Grenadiers, Regt Corona of New Spain in 1800 at San Carlos de Perote, single, Legajo 7277:III:32.
??Francisco Salcedo, Capt grad in 1794, prior record not shown, Capt Regt Corona of New Spain, San Carlos de Perote, 1800, Legajo 7277:III:25.
Ignacio Salceda (1767 Paztguaro - ), Cadet, Provinciales of Michoacan in 1780, Lt, Dragoons of Spain at Puebla, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:I:41.
Nemesio Salcedo, Sgt Major in 1780, Col and Brigadier, Regt Corona of New Spain in 1800 at San Carlos de Perote, Legajo 7275:III:7 and 7277:???
Antonio Sánchez (1740 Punta de Lampazos - ), Soldier, 1775-85, Sgt, 3rd Comp Volante, Nuevo Santander, 1800, married, Legajo 7277:XIII:1.
??? Juan Sánchez Traviezo (1753 Mexico - ), credit for service from 1788, Capt, Inf of New Spain in 1800 at Veracruz, married, Legajo 7277:V:27. It is possible this person bought his commission and had no wartime service.
Juan Santana (1739 Exija, Andalucia - ), Lt in 1780, Capt, Dragoons of Mexico in 1800, single, Legajo 7277:II:25.
Melchor de Seguera, Lt in 1780, served at New Providence and Havana in 1782, Capt, Regt Corona of New Spain, 1800, at San Carlos de Perote, single, Legajo 7277:???
Juan Serrano, 2nd Sgt, 1781, Lt, Inf of Mexico, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:IV:44.
Vicente Serrano, Soldier and Cpl, 1776-1786 in Regts Aragon and Zamora, served at Cadiz, Havana, and Pensacola, SubLt, Inf of Mexico, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:IV:54.
Andrés Solana (1746 Pueblo Tisimi, Yucatan - ), Lt, 1781, Capt Inf, Presidio Carmen, 1800, Legajo 7277:VIII:31.
Eusebio Solana (1750 Pueblo Tisimi, Yucatan - ), SubLt in 1781, Adjutant of Militias, Presidio Carmen, 1800, Legajo 7277:VIII:40.
Juan Solis, Soldier, Aragon Regt, 1779, SubLt, Inf of New Spain in 1800 at Veracruz, single, Legajo 7277:V:55.
Juan Sorbantes/Servantes (1757 Vera - ), Soldier in 1780, Cav. del Infante, Sgt, Dragoons of Mexico, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:???
Juan María de Soto, Capt in 1779, Sgt Major, Regt Corona of New Spain at San Carlos de Perote, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:???
Manuel dela Sotarriba, Cadet, Feb 1780, SubLt, May 1780, served at Havana and New Providence in 1782, Capt, Regt Corona of New Spain in 1800 at San Carlos de Perote, single, Legajo 7277:III:27.
Simon Suarez (1751 Navarro - ), 1st Sgt, 1781, Valladolid Militias, SubLt, 1st Comp, Volunteers of Cataluña, 1801, Monterey, CA, single, Legajo 7277:VIII:21.

Mateo Talamantes (1743 Presidio Bejar, Texas - ), Sgt, Jan 1783, Sgt, 3rd Comp Volante of Nuevo Santander, at Laredo, 1800, married, Legajo 7277:IX:15-41.
Joaquin Tico (1756 Cataluña - ), Soldier in 1781, 1st Sgt, 1st Comp, Volunteers of Cataluña, Monterey, CA, 1801, married, Legajo 7277:VIII:22.
José Antonio Tijerina (1751 Nuevo León - ), Cpl in 1781, Sgt, 1st Comp Volante, Nuevo Santander, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:IV:30.
Juan José Tineo, SubLt of Grenadiers, 1780, Capt, Dragoons of Mexico, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:II:23.
Miguel Torres, Soldier in 1780 serving in Granada, Veracruz, Havana, and Guarico through 1783, 1st Sgt Grenadiers, Inf of Mexico, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:IV:65.
José Narciso Traspuesto (1763 Mexico, Soldier in 1781, Sgt, Dragoons of Spain at Puebla, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:I:71.
Pablo Trujillo y Alvellaneda (1744 Ceuta - ), Lt, Militias of Mexico, 1777 to 1789, Lt Grad, Inf of Mexico, 1800, married, Legajo 7279:IX:49 and 7277:???

Pedro Ullate, Cadet, 1780, Corona Regt, Lt, Grenadiers, Inf of New Spain, 1800, Veracruz, single, Legajo 7277:V:36.
Ignacio Ullate (1754 Puebla de los Angeles, Mexico - ), Lt in 1779, Capt, Dragoons of Spain at Puebla, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:I:25.
Juan Vallego, 1st Sgt, Distinguished, in Oaxaca Militias, 1780, Lt, Inf of New Spain, 1800, Veracruz, single, Legajo 7277:V:38.
Pedro Vargas/Bargas (1751 Sevilla - ), Lt, Provincial Militias of Mexico, 1777-91, Capt, Inf of New Spain at Veracruz in 1800, married, Legajo 7277:V:24.
Diego Verzaval (1767 Oaxaca - ), Cadet in Granada Regt, 1782, Adjutant, Inf of New Spain, 1800, Veracruz, married, Legajo 7277:V:34.
Francisco Viana (1750 Malaga - ), Lt, 1778-1792, Capt Dragoons of Spain at Puebla, 1800, married, Legajo 7277:I:26.
Francisco Xavier de Villalva (1739 San Sebastian, Vizcaya - ), Lt Col Grad in 1781, Sgt Major, in 1782, Brigadier, Inf of Mexico, 1800, Legajo 7277:IV:17.
Joaquin María de Villalva, Salio of minor age in Havana with Guadalajara Regt, 1780, Capt, Regt Corona of new Spain at San Carlos de Perote, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:III:28.
Antonio Villamil (1750 Cueta - ), SubLt, Militia of Cueta, 1768-1783, Capt, grad Lt Col, Inf of Mexico, 1800, married, Legajo 7277:IV:19.
José Villarreal, Cadet in 1781, Lt Inf of Puebla in 1800 at Havana, Legajo 7277:VI:32.
Juan Antonio de Viruega (1751 Cuetas - ), Lt, 1777-1790, Inf of Mexico Provinciales, Capt, 2d Comp Volunteers of Cataluña, 1801, Fuerte de Perote, Legajo 7277:VIII:24.
Andrés Vivas, Soldier and Cpl, 1772-1786, in Mobile and Pensacola operations, Lt, Regt Corona of New Spain, 1800, at San Carlos de Perote, single, Legajo 7277:III:43.
Matias de Zafra, Lt in 1779, Capt, Dragoons of Mexico, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:II:21.
Gregorio Zapata (1742 Villa de Orgas, Tierra de Toledo - ), SubLt for the Viceroy, 1780, Capt, Dragoons of Spain at Puebla, 1800, married, Legajo 7277:I:28.
Manuel Zevallas (1746 Merida, Yucatan - ), Lt in 1779, Capt, Inf of Mexico, 1800, married, Legajo 7277:???
Manuel Zorilla (1756 Mexico - ), Cadet in 1780, Lt, Dragoons of Spain at Puebla, 1800, single, Legajo 7277:I:35.

Granville W. Hough may be contacted at gwhough@earthlink.net  for questions or comments.

http://www.nara.gov/publications/prologue/fox.html

The Civil War income tax records are not only a valuable source of information for biographical, genealogical, and local history research but should also be considered when conducting regional and area studies of business and industry or quantitative studies of demographics during the 1860s.  They can be used in conjunction with census records, later tax records, and state and local records to document the growth of industries, shifting patterns of wealth, migration patterns, and even the incidence of women in the work force.                                          Sent by Johanna de Soto

aking of America (MOA) is a digital library of primary sources in American social history from the antebellum period through reconstruction. The collection is particularly strong in the subject areas of education, psychology, American history, sociology, religion, and science and technology. The collection currently contains approximately 8,500 books and 50,000 journal articles with 19th century imprints. The project represents a major collaborative endeavor in preservation and electronic access to historical texts.

The Making of America collection is made up of images of the pages in the books and journals. When you find something you want to look at, you will see a scanned image of the actual pages of the 19th century volume. Optical Character Recognition (OCR) has been performed on the images to enhance searching and accessing the texts -- for more on the OCR process see About MOA.

Making of America is growing and changing. Over five thousand new titles have been added, bringing Making of America to over two and a half million pages online. For a short time, the journals and books will be divided into two separate collections; you will not be able to search both at once.
                                                                                                         Sent by Johanna de Soto