SOMOS PRIMOS: Dedicated to Hispanic Heritage & Diversity Issues

INS alien registration case-files, aka A-Files

December 12, 2002

Hi Mimi:
Sorry to finally touch bases with you. I received the Cross Roads newsletter from Paso al Norte Immigration Museum and thought of you. I've attached the information on INS alien registration case-files, aka A-Files that have only a temporary status and a Petition to Urge the Preservation
of the A-Files. I've been working with several organizations on the West Coast (Angel Island Immigration Station Foundation, Chinese Historical Society of America, Museum of Chinese in America in NY, California State Genealogical Alliance and National Japanese American Historical Society) that are concerned about the future of the A-Files as they are vitally important original documents that haven't been researched in depth for genealogists and other researchers. Together, we can all make a difference.

Jeanie Low, SF wongyen@juno.com China Connection

Petition Urging Preservation for the "A-Files" Opening Statement:
        This document represents a unified statement in support of the preservation of the Alien Registration Case-files, aka "A-Files." You and/or your organization have expressed an interest in the fate of the "A-Files," thus, we are asking you and your contacts to join us in signing the enclosed petition. You are encouraged to formulate your own statement to urge the permanent status and designation for the "A-Files", but the following petition has been provided for your convenience as a
summary of the issues and a clear request for action on the part of both the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), and the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS).
        Your support of this important matter is vital to seeing that the "A-Files" remain intact as a complete collection and are not ever destroyed. If you sign this petition or formulate your own statement regarding this issue, please send your correspondence to the U.S. Archivist at 8601 Adelphi Road, Rm 4100, College Park, MD 20740-6001, forward a copy to: the Immigration and Naturalization Service Commissioner at 425 I Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20536 and a copy to
your local state legislators. (For contact information for Congress members, see http://congress:org/congressorg/dbq/officials/?lvl=L, select state, then congressional delegation). Together, we can all make a difference.

                       [[Editor's note: The contributions and migration stories of late-arriving primos to the U.S. will be supported through research in these documents. The destruction of these records will remove the evidence of their existence. I hope you will all take the time to make a statement on behalf of preservation of these records. It will make a difference.]]

                                  Petition URGING PRESERVATION for THE "A-FILES"

        The history of America is the story of immigrants, whether from Europe, Asia, Latin America or Africa. Since the Alien Registration Act of 1940, the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) has maintained "Alien Registration Case-files, or "A-Files" as they are commonly known. This
collection of documents reflects the rich ethnic diversity of America’s immigrants from the 20th century onwards. Some "A-Files" include the documentation for immigrants who entered the U.S. prior to 1940 and came under INS jurisdiction later. The "A-Files" are the evidentiary documents
vital to the research of family history, essential to understanding American immigration policy and its influences on global migration patterns.
        There is an estimated one million cubic feet of "A-Files" classified as "temporary" under INS's jurisdiction. As temporary records, the "A-Files" are kept for 75 years from the last INS action and then become eligible to be destroyed after that period. Of those one million cubic feet of "A-Files", 650,000 cubic feet are relatively current files in INS’s storage, the remaining 350,000 cubic feet are relatively non-current files. Currently, INS contracts the National Archives and Records
Administration (NARA) to store a majority of its non-current files at Lee's Summit, Missouri, with approximately 35,000 cubic feet stored at NARA’s San Bruno, California Federal Records Center.
        Each "A-File" contains unique and primary source materials documenting each immigrant who entered the United States. Sample documents may include: family photographs and personal artifacts; birth and marriage certificates; family genealogies; and government immigration records (INS investigations, copies of naturalization certificates, interview transcripts, deportation hearings). Sample files include those of Holocaust survivors; the Enemy Alien Parolee Files for German, Italian,
and Japanese alien residents and their families who were placed in internment camps during WWII; Filipino Freedom Fighters; WWII War Brides; Chinese subject to the Chinese Exclusion legislation and Chinese Americans in the "confession and amnesty" program; migrant workers from Mexico; and refugees of political turmoil, spanning from World War II to the Vietnam War. The National Archives and Records Administration has the authority to designate any inactive federal agency records older than thirty years for its permanent historical collection. [Code of Federal Regulations, 36 CFR Ch XII (7-1-97) Sec.1228.28-32; Sec.1228.164;Sec.1228.180-183.]
        Those interested in the fate of the "A-Files" include genealogists, historians, educators, legislators, museum administrators, park specialists, immigration experts, authors, and documentarians. Tremendous interest continues to focus on those American immigrants who entered
through the Ellis Island Immigration Station in New York and the Angel Island Immigration Station in California. Since 1999, the Angel Island Immigration Station Foundation (AIISF), California State Parks and the National Park Service have worked together to preserve and rehabilitate the Angel Island Immigration Station. Currently, those three organizations are working with NARA to explore the creation of a family history and genealogy center at the restored hospital at the Angel Island
Immigration Station. In addition, the National Park Service is planning the Pacific Coast Immigration Museum in San Francisco, California. We, the undersigned, urge the National Archives and Records Administration to designate original "A-Files" thirty years or older for its permanent historical collection. We also urge our local congressional representatives to support appropriate federal funding for NARA to preserve, enhance public use, and provide access to those older "A-Files" (30 years old and older) by making them part of the National Archives'
permanent historical collection.

Signed__________________________________________________Title:________________________

Organization:_________________________________________________________________________

Address:____________________________________________________________________________

Date:________________________________________

Extract: Immigrants critical to economy, census study finds
Washington Post Monday, December 2, 2002 2 San Francisco Chronicle.
http://sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2002/12/02/MN110123.DTL

A new study of census data by the Center for Labor Market Studies at Northeastern University. concludes that recent immigrants were critical to the nation's economic growth over the past decade, accounting for half the new wage-earners who joined the labor force in those years. The effect was particularly large among men: Eight of 10 new male workers in the previous decade were immigrants who arrived during that time. The newly analyzed workforce numbers show immigration is redrawing the profile of the U.S. workforce, in some cases transforming entire industries.
        More than 13 million legal and illegal immigrants came to the United States from 1990 to 2001, drawn by the healthy economy and family ties. The report said 8 million immigrants joined the labor force, which means they were either working or looking for work, over a period when the total number of new workers was 16 million.
        Even so, 86 percent of the total workforce is American-born. One of the authors of the Northeastern study argues that: The U.S. economy would have stumbled in the past decade without the new arrivals, and most immigrants contribute more in taxes than they use in services.
        "The American economy absolutely needs immigrants," said Andrew Sum, director of the labor market center. "I realize some workers have been hurt by this, and some people get very angry when I say this, but our economy has become more dependent on immigrant labor than at any time in the last 100 years."

The center's report was commissioned by the Business Roundtable, group of corporate chief executives.                                                                       Sent by John Palacio Jpalacio@pacbell.net

Time 75th Anniversary Celebration http://www.ancestry.com/productwatch/landing/pw20021206.htm#spotlight In 75 years of covering the world, "Time" magazine has put us face-to-face with some of the most dramatic moments in human history. Time photographers let us fly with Charles Lindbergh, see Jackie Robinson's long-line drive to left field, and cheer as the Berlin Wall tumbled. This special anniversary celebration captures some of those compelling stories and photographs to create a lasting chronicle of passing decades, and a tribute to our times. Buy it now for only $10!

Extract: Census estimates show nearly half of 1 million kids missed were black and Hispanic by Genaro C. Armas, Associated Press, 12/6/2002 WASHINGTON (AP) More than 1.1 million children were not tallied in the 2000 census. The bureau released the data only after a federal court ordered it to do so. Nearly 29 percent of the children missed were black, though they made up nearly 15 percent of the total population kids under 18. Hispanics were about 20 percent of the child undercount, and 17 percent of the total child population. About 45 percent of those children missed were white, less than their 60 percent share of the total population of children. The Census Bureau data adjusted using statistical sampling also showed a slight over-count of Asian children. Civil rights groups contend that the state-by-state breakdown of the undercount would show that minorities and children were more likely to be missed. The bureau in March 2001 said there was a net undercount of about 1.2 percent of the population roughly 3.2 million people, with one-third of them children. More than 30,000 black children younger than 18 were undercounted in New York, while more than 72,000 Hispanic kids were missed in California, the figures show. About 42,000 Hispanic children were undercounted in Texas. Of all states, California the most populous state in the nation had the largest undercount regardless of age or race, more than a half-million people, or 1.5 percent of its population. Alaska had the largest percentage of people missed at 2.4 percent, an undercount of more than 15,000. Census Bureau: http://www.census.gov Sent by Howard Shorr howardshorr@msn.com

More Immigrants Filling the Ranks of U.S. Military Fort Worth Star-Telegram, Texas - December 21, 2002 Knight Ridder Newspapers In April, 2002 the Department of Defense tallied 31,044 non-citizens on active duty in the Army, Navy, Air Force and Marines. In fiscal 2002, 2,435 foreign-born military personnel were naturalized, up from 1,146 in fiscal 2001, the Immigration and Naturalization Service said. Typically, anyone who has served three years in the military and who meets INS citizenship requirements can seek naturalization. But an executive order signed by President Bush in July is speeding up the naturalization of non-citizens on active duty. Under the order, any non-citizen who has served since Sept. 11 is eligible for naturalization. "They are not trying to say `Join the military and become a citizen,'" said Sgt. 1st Class Richard Barnum, a naturalization specialist at Fort Hood. "They still have to stand on their own merit. They can't violate the good-moral-character criteria." Any immigrant who enlists must now be a legal permanent resident, a status typically described as having a green card. Undocumented immigrants and people with student visas, temporary visas or temporary work permits can't serve in the military. However, male undocumented immigrants ages 18 to 25, like all men in the United States, must register with the Selective Service System. "If there were ever a draft, then the military decides suitability for service," said Alyce Burton, spokeswoman for the Selective Service System in Washington, D.C. The agency is separate from the Defense Department. "We don't know their residency status when they register," she said. Nothing on the registration form indicates a man's status. Non-citizens, who include a variety of statuses, simply leave the spaces for the Social Security number blank. Failure to register could hurt a person's immigration case in the future. "You could be denied citizenship," Burton said. Legal permanent residents can serve no longer than eight years in the military. So those who want a career in the military see citizenship as a means to get better assignments, some involving security clearances unavailable to non-citizens. . Rep. Martin Frost, D-Texas, is working on legislation that would make naturalization easier for military personnel. One way is to waive all the fees, which can top $1,000. He also wants to allow the INS to conduct citizenship interviews and hold oath-of-citizenship ceremonies for those deployed at U.S embassies, consulates and overseas bases. Now, the INS tries to schedule them during the person's leave or around assignments.

Extract: Campaigns spending more on ads in Spanish by Suzanne Gamboa, The Associated Press, 11-22-02 WASHINGTON * Candidates for Congress and governor aired more than 16,000 Spanish-language televiiosn sports during the 2002 campaign, and politicans seeking federal, statewide or legislative office spent at least $16 million on such advertisements. Many of the aids this year stood apart because they over-whelmingly were more positive and were made to appeal to cultural pride, consultants said. for instance, an ad for Republican Texas Gov., rick Perry showed children playing soccer, a sport popular among Hispanics. Perry's rival, Democrat Tony Sanchez, was featured in his own ad with Hispanic friends and using Spanish colloquialisms.

Extract: Immigrants key factor in growth of U.S. labor force by Genaro C. Armas, the Associated Press, 12-3-02 http://sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2002/12/02/MN110123.DTL WASHINGTON * From 1990 to 2001, the civilian labor force grew by nearly 16 million, to 141.8 million. Half of that growth was because of immigrants who entered during the period of soaring economic growth for the nation. New immigrants made up 79% of the increase in the male civilian labor force, vs 30% of the increase among women. The Center for Labor Market Studies at Northeastern University reported that the immigrant influx was felt throughout the country, but was especially vital in the Northeast, where the new U.S. residents accounted for nearly all of the net increase in the labor force. "What immigration has really done is expand the base at the bottom and to a lesser extent help" fill openings near the top end of the scale, said one of the study's authors, Northeastern University economist Paul Harrrrington. Sent by John Palacio Jpalacio@pacbell.net

Extract: International Olympic Committee: No plans to make Spanish official language MEXICO CITY – (AP) – Nov. 28, 2002 - The International Olympic Committee (news - web sites) has no plans to make Spanish an official language, the president of the world sports body said Thursday. "Introducing Spanish would be unfair for other languages of the same size and universality," Jacques Rogge told a meeting of the 126-member IOC in Mexico City . Rogge said it would cost Olympic organizers an additional US$5-20 million per year to add an extra language to the IOC's existing two, French and English, because of translation costs. Rogge was responding to comments by Spain 's Juan Antonio Samaranch Jr., son of former IOC president Juan Antonio Samaranch. Samaranch complained that when he had raised the issue of the dominance of English and French, IOC officials "proposed to offer us classes in these languages." Spanish should be made an official language, he said, noting that more than 50 IOC members were Spanish-speakers, representing 400 million people around the world. But Rogge said that if the IOC changed its policy it would need to add two more languages "that have the same range." He did not elaborate. The United Nations (news - web sites) uses seven official languages: English, French, Spanish, Arabic, Russian and Chinese. http://www.hispanicvista.com 12-2-02

Business Magazine Influentials follow-up Thanks for sending all the great information. I did find my surname on the list of the 100 Most influential Business persons. It belongs to my son, Mike Madrid, and I will certainly be ordering a reprint of the article. Once again, thanks! Lou Madrid LouMdrd@aol.com

Hollywood Depicts History with its Own Vision Dear Mimi: I was looking thru your December "Somos Primos" and something caught my eye. I wholeheartedly agree with your efforts to depict historical figures accurately, not just "politically correct". My father's mother, Flora Chavez, was a first cousin to Sheriff Elfego Baca in Arizona, known for his expert shooting skills. He became famous after holding off all night, single-handedly, a large number of men who were unjustly trying to take over a small town. I have a photograph of him, with one of his deputies, holding the newspaper with the headlines of his accomplishments. This man was tall, kinda dumpy and very big around and appears to be in his late 40's or early 50's. Walt Disney studios made a movie about him around the early 60's, but showed him to be a very youthful, handsome and dashing "zorro" type of character. I recall the disappointment when my dad showed me Elfego's photograph a few years after seeing the movie, expecting him to look like the movie character portrayed. It's nice to see that Hollywood is more interested now in a turn for the more accurate physical portrayal of historical figures, though they still have a long way to go in the telling of their tales. Interesting how things come the full circle, huh?! Thank you for all your dedication and hard work on the newsletter and everything else; you make it possible for us to find our ancestors when other doors remained closed. Excellent work!! Sincerely, Elena L. Garcia Diaz stanleydiaz@earthlink.net Columbia, Missouri

Latinas In Science I surf and surf an find so very little on Chicanas in Science. I would like to continue to build my page as I seem to have very little competition. http://members.attcanada.ca/~ecade/hispanic-women.html Please share with teachers and mentors that work with our girls! I like to sing, dance and talk Spanish too but that not all we can do. Please email me if you have some other women that I can add to my page. From: Elsa Salazar at ecade@telusplanet.net Source: LatinoLA.com,

Extract: School plan seeks 2nd language for all - sets bilingual proficiency as a statewide goal by Jim Sanders, Sacramento Bee, December 1, 2002 In rapidly changing California, where minority students are the majority, a new master plan for education would change academic standards to signal that learning to speak and read only English isn't good enough anymore. Every child would take extensive instruction in a foreign language -- and be expected to speak it fluently -- under a proposal supported by an 18-member committee of lawmakers and scheduled to be introduced as legislation early next year. For years, California immigrants have been required to learn English, but the new plan proposes the reverse as well: Let's all speak two languages. "To function in California 's multicultural setting, as well as in a global society, children need not only fluency in English but also proficiency in at least one other language," reads an explanation from education experts who developed the proposal. Supporters tout bilingualism as a way to promote cultural understanding and job readiness, but critics call the idea a costly pipe dream that could reduce time spent on reading, mathematics and other educational basics. The proposal is part of the new California Master Plan for Education, a three-year effort designed as a blueprint for future school legislation. Students would be required to begin studying a foreign language in early elementary grades and master it -- along with English -- before graduating from high school. Legislators will be asked in coming months to approve the concept. Implementation would occur in phases, perhaps over 10 years or more. With the state facing a projected budget shortfall of up to $30 billion, nobody expects any allocation of funds to expand foreign language instruction for several years. Bill Hauck, president of the California Business Roundtable, called the dual-language proposal "desirable and do-able." "It's important enough that it ought to be an objective, and we ought to find a way to do it," he said. "Perhaps start on a small scale. ... From a business standpoint, it will be increasingly important for young people to speak a second language." Less than half of California 's 6 million students are white. Latinos make up the largest chunk, 45 percent; followed by whites, 34 percent; and Asians and African Americans, 8 percent apiece, state records show. Roughly one of every four California students -- 1.5 million statewide -- do not speak English as their primary language. The Bee's Jim Sanders can be reached at (916) 326-5538 or jsanders@sacbee.com. 12-2-02

Extract: Study: Latino Immigrants Becoming Better Educated article by Minerva Canto, O.C. Register, 12-5-02 The percentage of Latino immigrants with a high school education has doubled since 1970. Adult Latinos are taking advantage of the community resources available to increase English language skills. Educational achievements are reflected in comparative educational levels obtained. These statistics released by the Pew Hispanic Center indicate that Latino immigrants are twice as educated as they were 30 years ago.
Primary education or less, 1970 2000			High school graduates 1970 2000				College educated 1970 2000
Natives Latino Immigrants	46.6 72.4	12.6 41.3	Natives Latino Immigrants	36. 18.2		52.9 41.	Natives Latino Immigrants	17.4 9.4	34.5 17.8

Extract: Cervical cancer double in Latinos by Daniel Yee, The Associated Press ATLANTA * Hispanic women contract cervical cancer almost twice as often as other women, indicating that not enough of them are having Pap tests, federal official stated. The disease was found at a rate of 16.9 per 100,000 Hispanic women age 30 and older, compared with 8.9 per 100,000 non-Hispanic women. Cervical cancer is virtually always caused by the human papiloma virus, which is transmitted sexually.					Latinos May Face Higher Dementia Risks Older Mexican Americans have a higher prevalence of dementia than older people of European ancestry. The five-year study was unveiled at the fist Latino Healthy Aging Summit sponsored by AARP, California. "The good news is that diabetes and hypertension were the major contributors to about 45% of those found to have dementia.. . We know how to control and prevent these conditions." said Mary Haan, principal investigator. AARP Bulletin, November 2002.

Extract: The Search Is on for Hispanic Teachers And Role Models Districts Look Near And Far for People to Guide Rising Hispanic Student Population Chicago Daily Herald - November 26, 2002 Just 3.4 percent of teachers in District 300 schools are Hispanic. Yet, the district's Hispanic student population is 20.6 percent, according to school report card data released last week by state school officials. The data shows the state average for school districts is 3.7 percent Hispanic teachers, while the Hispanic student population averages 16.2 percent across the state. A general teacher shortage in Illinois and across the nation is well-documented. But administrators and experts alike say you can't overlook the value of having a familiar role model for students who find themselves immersed in a different culture, surrounded by a foreign language, and headed for an uncertain future. In fact, many think having Hispanic teachers in schools with Hispanic students is so important that they're recruiting from as far away as Mexico, Puerto Rico and Spain as a way to help ensure students are served in the best manner possible. "We're just not growing our own teachers." The Illinois Resource Center has a program called "Transitions to Teaching. "The grant-funded program offers scholarships for bilingual people to take classes to become certified to teach, she said. So far, about 100 people have received scholarships and have started down that path. 12-03-02 HispanicOnline.com Chicago Daily Herald. via ProQuest Information and Learning Co.

UNITY: Journalists of Color, Inc. UNITY: Journalists of Color, Inc., which represents 7,000 media professionals of color, is a strategic, national alliance comprised of the Asian American Journalists Association (AAJA), National Association of Black Journalists (NABJ), National Association of Hispanic Journalists (NAHJ), and Native American Journalists Association (NAJA). UNITY's goals are twofold: developing programs and institutional relationships that promote year-round journalism advocacy and education, with a focus on fairness and accuracy in news coverage as well as diversity in America's newsrooms, and planning the largest regular gathering of journalists in the nation (the UNITY 2004 Convention to be held August 4 - 8 in Washington, D.C.). For additional information, visit UNITY Online at http://www.unityjournalists.org. On December 4, Ernest R. Sotomayor, Editor of the Newsday.com Long Island was elected by The UNITY: Journalists of Color Board of Directors as Unity President. His two-year term commences on January 1, 2003, is currently the organization's vice president and has served on the UNITY Board of Directors since 2001. Mr. Sotomayor has served as a vice president of the National Association of Hispanic Journalists (NAHJ), was a member of the program committee for the UNITY '99 convention in Seattle and was a managing editor for the UNITY '94 student newspaper project in Atlanta. In 1997, the National Association of Hispanic Journalists awarded Ernest its President's Award for his work with the association and other diversity issues. Contact: Benfred Clement Smith, Executive Director 703-469-2100 Source: hprw@hispanicprwire.com (HPRW - Business & Finance / Marketing News newsroom@hispanicprwire.com Distributed on : 12-04-2002

Men as Nurturers and Caregivers Rise in Number of Men Raising Children Slowly Chips Away at Stereotypical Male Roles Philadelphia, PA. - Men are perceived by society and characterized by the media as being breadwinners and warriors. But the increasing number of Men who are Fathers who are raising their children alone - without a mother present in the household - is helping to slowly erode the stereotypical perception of Men as being only Breadwinners and Warriors. It is not only changing how Men perceive themselves, but is slowly changing the way the rest of society perceives Men. "The rise in the number of men who are raising their children alone is slowly chipping away at the stereotypical male roles. Men who are Fathers see themselves as nurturers and caregivers. The letters and articles that I have received from Men who are Fathers from all walks of life over the past three years support this perception," stated D.A. Sears, Managing Editor of IN SEARCH OF FATHERHOOD(R) FORUM FOR AND ABOUT THE FATHERS OF THE WORLD, a quarterly international male parenting publication which is exclusively published and distributed by BSI International, Inc., a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania-based independent publishing company, literary agency and media relations company. "For the past three years, IN SEARCH OF FATHERHOOD(r) FORUM FOR AND ABOUT THE FATHERS OF THE WORLD has provided Men who are Fathers from all walks of life throughout our global village with a 'safe place' to discuss their dreams, fears and hopes. IN SEARCH OF FATHERHOOD(r) FORUM FOR AND ABOUT THE FATHERS OF THE WORLD is a quarterly international male parenting publication published and distributed by BSI International, Inc. ("BSI") in Philadelphia. Married Dads, Single Dads, Incarcerated Dads, Custodial Dads, Non-custodial Dads, lawyers, psychiatrists, family therapists, musicians, scholars, authors of fatherhood books, senior, middle and junior-level executives of national male parenting organizations in the United States, Europe and Australia, and members of "think tanks" are Contributing Editors, subscribers and readers of IN SEARCH OF FATHERHOOD(r) FORUM FOR AND ABOUT THE FATHERS OF THE WORLD," Sears stated. IN SEARCH OF FATHERHOOD(r) FORUM FOR AND ABOUT THE FATHERS OF THE WORLD is dedicated to providing fatherhood education to Men who are Fathers from all walks of life throughout our global village while simultaneously serving as an "uncut" and "uncensored" forum within which to explore and exchange information, views and questions about issues directly and indirectly related to Fatherhood which they care deeply about. The quarterly international male parenting publication is also a resource for "father friendly" support services throughout the United States, Canada, Europe and Australia. Sent by D.A. Sears BSI International, Inc. P.O. 3885 Philadelphia, PA 19146-0185 http://www.bsi-international.com bsi@netreach.net (215) 878-0848; (215) 292-8522

In Search of Fatherhood An International Conversation Conversation on Fatherhood Facilitated by Woman! Philadelphia, PA. -- There is a conversation going on. A conversation about Fatherhood - an International Conversation about Fatherhood. For nearly three years, Men who are Fathers from all walks of life throughout our global village have exchanged and explored information and opinions about issues directly and indirectly related to Fatherhood. Through IN SEARCH OF FATHERHOOD(r) FORUM FOR AND ABOUT THE FATHERS OF THE WORLD, Men who are Fathers from all walks of life throughout our global village come together and explore issues directly and indirectly related to Fatherhood (e.g., raising children, child support, visitation rights, custody rights, single parenting, health, work/career, etc.) from a male perspective on a quarterly basis. Articles by Ken R. Canfield, Ph.D., the Founder and President of the National Center for Fathering; Mr. Almas Jamil Sami', Founder and Principal of Sohaja Publishing Company and author of "The Unshackled Mind"; Joep Zander of The Netherlands, a co-founder/ co-signer of The Langeac Declaration, an international parenting document which has been signed by such countries as Holland, Chile, Spain, Ireland, the United Kingdom and France and which advocates, among other things, that fathers and mothers should be accorded equal status in a child's life; Warren Farrell, Ph.D.; and Stephen Baskerville, Ph.D., a Political Science Professor at Howard University have been featured in past issues. Interviews of such notables as Dr. Alvin F. Poussaint, Professor of Psychiatry and Faculty Associate Dean of Student Affairs at Harvard Medical School; Dr. Michael Gurian, a nationally recognized psychotherapist, educator and author of three books on raising young males which have skyrocketed up the national best sellers' list; Matthew D. Munyon, M.S., the Executive Director of Florida's Commission on Responsible Fatherhood; and Mr. Ajuma Muhammad, the Executive Director of the Association for African American Role Models have also appeared in IN SEARCH OF FATHERHOOD(r) . Men who are Fathers throughout our global village learn about the resources and support services which are offered to them by international organizations such as Families Need Fathers in the United Kingdom; L'Enfant et Son Droit (A Child and His Right) in Paris, France; and the Toronto Men's Health Network in Toronto, Ontario, Canada along with American organizations such as Florida's Commission on Responsible Fatherhood; National Center for Fathering; the National Center on Fathers and Families at the University of Pennsylvania; National Men's Resource CenterTM; African American Male Empowerment SummitSM; and The Single and Custodial Father's Network. IN SEARCH OF FATHERHOOD(r) conducts and publishes reviews of books which explore issues directly and indirectly related to Fatherhood. Past issues have included reviews of Father and Child Reunion authored by DR. WARREN FARRELL; The Ultimate Survival Guide for the Single Father written by THOMAS HOERNER, THE EXECUTIVE LIAISON FOR FATHERS FOR EQUAL RIGHTS, INC. IN DALLAS, TEXAS, and Swallowed By A Snake: The Masculine Gift of Healing created by THOMAS R. GOLDEN, LCSW, A PYSCHOTHERAPIST AND GRIEF COUNSELOR. IN SEARCH OF FATHERHOOD(r) is exclusively published and distributed by BSI International, Inc., a small Philadelphia-based independent publishing company, literary agency and media relations company. BSI International, Inc. P.O. 3885 Philadelphia, PA 19146-0185 http://www.bsi-international.com bsi@netreach.net (215) 878-0848; (215) 292-8522

Blockbuster Expands its Spanish Video Offerings the nation's largest video chain has begun revamping about one-quarter of its U.S. stores to better appeal to Latino customers. It has added hundreds of Spanish-language movies in those stores, including more than three dozen in San Diego County. The movies are either recorded, dubbed or subtitled in Spanish. Blockbuster has also added bilingual and Spanish-language signage to 1,000 of its 4,412 stores. it has begun to carry candy and movie snacks popular with Latinos in cities where they account for 15% or more of the population, such as chicharrones and peanuts con chile y limón. "We learned that Hispanics spend 7 out of 10 hours watching Spanish-language TV," said Stephanie Leichnam, marketing manager for the Dallas-based company. It has plans to epand to other places where the Latino population is growing. "Hispanics are every where now, " said Leichnam. "They are migrating from the Southwest, and now you'll see them in places like North Carolina and Detroit." Sent by Tawn Skousen, San Diego Union-Tribune, November 2002

Extract: Drop anti-American stance, Mexico's foreign minister says
by Andres Oppenheimer The Miami Herald Nov. 21, 2002

     MEXICO CITY - Something very unusual happened this week in this country long known for its fiery nationalistic demagoguery: Foreign Minister Jorge G. Castañeda said it's time for this nation to stop being anti-American.
        Speaking at a book presentation before Wednesday's celebration of the 92nd anniversary of the 1910-17 Mexican Revolution, Castañeda -- a former leftist intellectual who has become one of President Vicente Fox's most trusted Cabinet members -- said Mexico's current clash between pro-American sentiment and anti-American rhetoric is creating a bad case of ``political schizophrenia.''
     Mexico 's nationalism and anti-Americanism made sense in the 19th and 20th centuries, Castañeda said. The country had lost half of its territory to the United States , and it was only logical that its leaders would try to build a national identity based on nationalism and anti-Americanism.
     'But what's happening today?'' Castañeda asked. ``These two theses should not only be considered outdated, and be phased out, but are unsustainable in today's world. One can't continue defining Mexico 's national identity, or any other country's national identity, primarily through nationalism.''
     Why? Not only because we live in a globalized world, in which countries depend more on exchanges of goods, services and people than at any time in recent history, but because Mexico in particular depends more than most countries on good relations with the United States.
     Consider: About 90 percent of Mexico 's trade, nearly 90 percent of Mexico 's foreign tourism, more than 75 percent of foreign investment and more than 95 percent of the remittances of Mexican workers living overseas -- which have become the country's third-largest source of income -- come from the United States . In addition, 25 percent of Mexico 's economically active labor force works in the United States .

http://www.miami.com/mld/miamiherald/news/columnists/andres_oppenheimer/4568508.htm
Hispanicvista.com, 11-25-02

Extract: Internet Cafes Give Mexican Youths Access to Information
The Dallas Morning News - December 6, 2002

        Many Mexican families can barely afford a telephone line, let alone an Internet-equipped computer, and few schools are wired. So millions of youngsters are flocking online, thanks to an army of small-time entrepreneurs who have set up thousands of Internet cafes.
        The trend represents the triumph of what theorists might someday dub the "one-peso-at-a-time" business model. The arrangement plays a crucial role in spreading new technologies such as mobile phones and the Internet to Mexico's 100 million people, especially its 43 million citizens below the age of 20.
        Mexican teens know cyberskills will help determine their job prospects. According to surveys by Mund Americas, a market research firm in Mexico City, they view such "cyberliteracy" as a key to social mobility, right up there with owning a car.
        But in a nation of low wages, a local-telephone monopoly and a dysfunctional banking system, the ranks of would-be Web surfers far exceed those who can afford a computer and a phone line. As a result, the number of Internet cafes has exploded from almost nothing a few years ago to thousands now.
        Students, with their huge computer needs and empty pockets, rank among the steadiest customers. "The student base is more than half of the total customers of cybercafes," says Daniel Lund, the president of Mund Americas. He estimates the number of such establishments at 5,000 to 10,000 nationwide."
        For them, it's key," he says. "In the absence of having schools wired, and in the absence of having a laptop, this is the connecting point." As the big-city market for Internet cafes becomes saturated, cybersites are beginning to dot rural towns and small cities. In Amecameca, a colonial town near Chalco, Mexico, a pool hall retired two of its five billiard tables and replaced them with PCs, Lund reports.
        Something similar is going on in Chalco, where thousands of working-class kids hope to join the global economy. Lying 25 miles southeast of Mexico City, Chalco is home to 220,000. Many came from the countryside in hopes of landing work in Mexico City, finding an education for their children and building a home of their own brick by brick.
        The city remains a work in progress. Few streets are paved, and dozens of mongrels scavenge for scraps. Public buses belch diesel fumes as they dodge potholes on the main thoroughfare. Flash floods two years ago caused a sewage canal to overflow, flooding homes under six feet of stinking sludge.
        But hope springs eternal, and local youngsters view computer skills as a ticket to material comfort. They rely on Internet cafes to learn them. "I spend an hour a day here, sometimes two," says Erick Caballero, 18, a high school student doing his history homework at an Internet cafe. "You really can't get by without a computer in school, so this is my computer."
        Internet cafes might struggle to survive as tycoons tap the one-peso-at-a-time business model to sell personal computers and telephone lines. As more consumers acquire such goods, fewer will presumably need Internet cafes.
        Telecommunications mogul Carlos Slim Helu aims to unveil prepaid phone service in poor rural villages, allowing consumers to avoid fixed monthly rent and pay only for the calls they make. Such phones could establish a telecom beachhead for isolated, tech-starved customers.
        "Eventually, those lines could be used for other services as well, such as Internet access," says Slim, the chairman of Telefonos de Mexico SA, or Telmex. "In these communities, people's familiarity with technology is going to increase sharply."

The Dallas Morning News. Distributed by Knight Ridder/Tribune News Service. 12-6-02

Urban Latino TV to Debut "Urban Latino Live" in January 2003
One of the first syndicated programs targeting the U.S. Latino market in English, announced that beginning in January of 2003, viewers will begin seeing a new segment on the lifestyle magazine show titled "Urban Latino Live". The weekly segments will be sponsored by Anheuser-Busch brands Budweiser, Bud Light and Bacardi Silver Malt Beverage. The weekly segment will inform ULTV viewers of upcoming concert tours by Latin musicians and recording artist as well as major events including film premieres & festivals, comedy tours, theatre and noteworthy happenings at clubs and venues all across the country. Sent by Anthony Garcia agarcia@wahoo.sjsu.edu

Regions of La Raza:
Changing Interpretations of Mexican American Regional History and Culture
by Antonio Ríos-Bustamante,

This book presents a comprehensive study of regional Mexican American history and culture including important aspects of the history of Nuevo México, Alta California, Arizona, Tejas and Colorado during the eighteenth through the twentieth century. These contributions attempt to
present a clearer understanding of regional history of the Mexican people and their various communities throughout the Southwest. This represents the maturation and an important step for reflective and interpretive Mexican American regional historiography.
450 pgs. Includes maps, photos, illus, biblio., $35.00 Price for class use $26.00

For More Information Contact: info@floricantopress.com
Floricanto Press, 650 Castro Street, Suite 120-331
Mountain View, California 94041-2055 (415) 552 1879 Fax (702) 995 1410
Sent by Andrea Alessandra Cabello, UC Berkeley rcabello@floricantopress.com

The Hispanic Achievers Website

A Portal to access various services from one site that can help you and/ or your business. On the Hispanic Achievers site you can now:

1. Easily Access Ebay, Amazon.com, Car Fax, Ancestry.com, Half.com
2. Quickly email any elected government official in the U.S. Senate, House of Representatives, and White House.
3. Read the news as it happens on CNN, MSNBC, USA Today, New York Times, etc
4. Learn what's happening in the Spanish speaking countries from their point of view. Access all major Spanish language newspapers in every Spanish speaking country in the world.
5. List your company and service as a promotional mechanism on our website free of charge.
6. Learn and meet top Hispanic Executives from Fortune 500 Companies.
7. Become a member of the National Hispanic Achievers and attend all of our events.
Log on and register with the Hispanic Achievers at http://www.hispanicachievers.org
Sent by Bill Carmena JCarm1724@aol.com

Extract: Record amount of remittances sent from U.S. to Mexico Efe 12-15-02

        El Paso, Texas, Dec 15 (EFE).- Despite the effects of a sluggish U.S. economy, Mexican immigrants who work north of the border have continued sending remittances home at a record pace. According to a Pew Hispanic Center and Inter-American Development Bank report, Mexicans in the United States are expected to send a record $13 billion this year to relatives back home.
        Total remittances by all Latin American immigrants, meanwhile, are expected to exceed $18 billion by the end of 2005. "The figures are evidence of a kind of economic activity that is resistant to the U.S. business cycle," the report read. The skyrocketing figures are also the result of economic crises in Latin America, the report said.
        Remittances benefit the border region because some of the money sent to families in border cities - such as Ciudad Juarez and Brownsville - is collected in Western Union outlets north of the border, Ernesto Portillo, president of Melek Corp. in El Paso, said. By collecting the wire transfer at a U.S. outlet, Mexicans can receive dollars and obtain a better exchange rate than they can at outlets in Mexico, which pay in pesos. "They receive the money here and spend it here," said Claudia Hernandez Burciaga, an elementary school teacher in Ciudad Juarez.  HispanicOnline 12-16-02

Extract: NAHL Study Shows That Latinos Still Marginalized on Network News

WASHINGTON – Despite the spectacular growth of the Latino population over the past decade, Latinos continued to be marginalized on the evening newscasts of ABC, CBS, NBC and CNN in 2001, according to the National Association of Hispanic Journalists seventh annual Network Brownout Report released today. The report found that:

In 2000, out of approximately 16,000 stories aired, only 84 (0.53 percent) were about Latinos.
In 2001, out of approximately 16,000 stories aired, only 99 (0.62 percent) were about Latinos.

        "The network’s dismal record of covering the nation’s fastest-growing minority group undermines the information needs of all U.S. residents and distorts the public discourse so necessary for any democratic society," said NAHJ President Juan Gonzalez, a columnist with the New York Daily News. For the second consecutive year, the protests over the military bombings in Vieques Island in Puerto Rico was the largest story topic, with 25 stories. After Vieques, the largest story topics were government (15), migration (11) and sports (11).
        The report found significant improvement in the percentage of Latinos interviewed in Latino-related stories. Of the 99 stories about Latinos that aired, 67 (67.6 percent) featured interviews with Latinos. In 2001, out of 84 stories, 31 (24.4 percent) featured interviews with Latinos.
        For the second consecutive year, the Network Brownout Report included a qualitative analysis of Latino-related news stories. It found that stories about Latinos frequently used the image of the border to suggest a divide between the Latino and non-Latino populations and to define Latinos as
illegal immigrants.
        Latino are the fastest-growing ethnic or racial group in the country and currently make up 12.5 percent of the U.S. population. The Latino population grew by 57.9 percent since1990 to 35.3 million.
        NAHJ believes that the lack of newsroom diversity is a major reason why there continues to be a brownout of Latinos on the evening news. But NAHJ has no idea how many Latinos work at the networks. "Network jobs are among the most important and coveted positions in television, yet we have no regular public survey similar to those from the Radio-Television News Directors Association or from the American Society of Newspaper Editors that monitors how well the networks are doing when it comes to diversity," said Gonzalez. "We urge the network news chiefs to adopt the same openness about their employment record that the majority of local television and radio stations have been practicing for years."

Other significant quantitative analysis findings:
1) Latino-related stories accounted for just 3.98 hours (0.55 percent) of the approximate 728 hours of news broadcasted by the networks.
2) Latino-related stories increased in length from an average of one minute and fifty seconds in 2000 to two minutes and 25 seconds in 2001.
3) Cities with large Latino populations continued to be underrepresented as locations where Latino-related stories originated. The greatest number of stories originated in Washington, D.C. (22).

Other significant qualitative study findings:
1) There was a disproportionate number of stories that portrayed Latinos living in "ghettos."
2) News stories on Latinos frequently used the image of the border to suggest a divide between the Latino and non-Latino populations and to define Latinos as illegal immigrants.
3) The stereotypical use of cultural artifacts and forms, such as music and food, continued to be a key device used by the networks to con-textualize Latinos.

The report was prepared by Serafín Méndez-Méndez, an associate professor and chair of the Department of Communication at Central Connecticut State University in New Britain, Conn., and Diane Alverio, a communication consultant and co-owner of Baldwin/Alverio Media Marketing, a media research, marketing and public relations firm. Alverio is also a past president of NAHJ.

With 1,700 members, NAHJ is dedicated to the recognition and professional advancement of Hispanics in the newsroom. Please visit NAHJ’s Web site at www.nahj.org to print out a copy of the report or call NAHJ at 202-662-7143 if you like it faxed.

Sent by Howard Shorr howardshorr@msn.com

Extract: Poll: Vast Majority of Latinos Believe Discrimination Is Still A Problem
By Genaro C. Armas, Associated Press, 12/17/2002

WASHINGTON (AP) The vast majority of Hispanics in the United States thinks discrimination is a problem and nearly a third say they or someone they know have experienced discrimination within the past five years, according to a survey released Tuesday.
        The survey also found nearly nine in 10 Hispanics say the United States offers better economic opportunity for them than the country from which they or their family came, and a similar percentage said immigrants had to learn English to succeed.
        An overwhelming majority of Hispanics considered Latino discrimination against other Latinos to be a problem, though views varied according to a person's background. For instance, Colombians and Dominicans were more likely to consider such discrimination a problem than Puerto Ricans. Among Hispanics, Colombians and Dominicans are relatively newer groups in the United States and may tend to live and work more in Latino neighborhoods, suggested researcher Mollyann Brodie of the Kaiser Family Foundation. As a result, their experiences with discrimination may be limited to occurrences with other Hispanics. Also, Hispanics who experience such discrimination may tend to live in areas where other Latinos hold management positions such as landlords or shopkeepers, Pew Hispanic Center director Roberto Suro said at a news conference Tuesday.
        The federal government considers Hispanic to be an ethnicity, not a race; people of Hispanic ethnicity can be of any race. Blacks and whites surveyed were not of Hispanic ethnicity. The wide-ranging poll measured views on racial, economic and social issues. And while blacks and whites were polled, the survey primarily focused on Hispanic viewpoints.
        ''Overall, the findings suggest the need for new ways of thinking about the Hispanic population in this country,'' Suro and four other authors wrote in a 100-page report. ''It is neither monolithic nor a hodgepodge of distinct national origin groups.''
         More than 82 percent of Latinos surveyed said discrimination is a problem that prevents them from succeeding in America, compared with 62 percent of blacks and 59 percent of whites. Meanwhile, 14 percent of Latinos surveyed said they had not been hired or promoted for a job because of their background, compared with 31 percent of blacks and 8 percent of whites. Steven Camarota, a researcher with the Center for Immigration Studies, called the findings significant, though he cautioned that many responses also may have captured perceptions of discrimination rather than actual occurrences.
        The poll found 38 percent of Latinos born in the United States said they have personally experienced discrimination or know someone who has, compared to 28 percent of Latinos who immigrated to America. Those who speak English as a first language also were more apt to report discrimination than those who primarily speak Spanish. That may be because those who are U.S.-educated or speak better English can better decipher instances of discrimination, said Camarota, whose group advocates limits on immigration.
        Among Latinos surveyed, 89 percent said the United States offered better economic opportunities than the country from which they or their ancestors arrived, and 80 percent said they were confident U.S. Hispanic children would receive a better education than they did. The poll also found Hispanics tend to be more socially conservative than whites, with immigrants more so than Latinos born in the United States.
On the Net: Pew Hispanic Center: http://www.pewhispanic.org/index.jsp
                                                                                       Sent by Howard Shorr Howardshor@aol.com

Pewhispanic.org

http://www.pewhispanic.org

The Pew Hispanic Center's mission is to improve understanding of the diverse Hispanic population in the United States and to chronicle Latinos' growing impact on the nation. The Center strives to inform debate on critical issues through dissemination of its research to policymakers, business leaders, academic institutions and the media.

2002 National Survey of Latinos

Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family Foundation

With a sample of nearly 300,000 Latinos, and with a questionnaire of about a hundred questions, this is the largest and most comprehensive national survey of the Hispanic population taken in a very long time. A hundred page report was prepared. .

Roberto Suro, Director of the Pew Hispanic Center spoke to the press on December 17th. He addressed the broad themes of assimilation and identity.

"Taken as a whole, the Latino population is undergoing a process of rapid change. The children of immigrants are absorbing English and American ways at a very quick pace, so quickly indeed there's a generation gap in immigrant households between foreign-born parents and their very Americanized children. That is a sign that the melting pot is at work. Second, despite a significant degree of assimilation, there are several beliefs and attitudes that almost all Latinos share in common that are different from non-Hispanic whites and Afro-Americans. Thirdly, Latinos do not see themselves as forming a single culture. They do not see themselves pursuing common political goals. There is simply not much cohesion here that binds Latinos of different nationalities and different levels of assimilation together. As a minority group, they are very different from African-Americans in that they do not share a sense of common bond, common purpose, common grievance to the same extent."

The Pew Hispanic Center and Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation released the most comprehensive portrait ever of U.S. Latinos, a statistically representative national survey of the Latino population that examines how well Latinos are assimilating into American society, at the National Press Club in Washington, DC. The 2002 National Survey of Latinos explores issues related to assimilation, self-identification, and perceived discrimination, as well as economic, health and cultural issues. Please visit our Newsroom for a transcript or press coverage of the press briefing. For the webcast of the press briefing visit the Kaiser Network.

The following is an edited version of the 100-page report posted on HispanicOnline.com

A comprehensive new survey of Latinos in the United States reveals an array of attitudes, values and experiences that is distinct from non-Hispanics. Latinos take different views than non-Hispanics on what it takes to be successful in a U.S. workplace, and Hispanics overall show a strong attachment to the Latin American nations where they or their ancestors were born. While Latinos generally take a positive view of life in the United States, many express concerns about the moral values Latino children are acquiring here.

Significant differences on a range of attitudes are apparent depending on whether Latinos were born in the United States or abroad and whether they are primarily Spanish or English speaking. Although large-scale ongoing immigration keeps Spanish a vibrant presence in the Latino population, English is rapidly gaining ground, even in immigrant households. Among native-born Latinos and those who are fully fluent in English, views on a range of issues are often closer to those of non-Hispanics than to those who are foreign born or Spanish speakers, according to the survey released December 17, 2002, by the Pew Hispanic Center and the Kaiser Family Foundation.

The 2002 National Survey of Latinos, a nationally representative survey conducted between April and June 2002, examines how members of the Hispanic community identify themselves, their views of the United States, their experiences with discrimination both within the Latino community itself and from non-Hispanic groups, their language abilities and preferences, their economic and financial situations and their experiences within the health care system.

The survey report also includes analysis of the sometimes substantial and sometimes more subtle differences in the attitudes and experiences among Latinos from various places of origin including Mexicans, Puerto Ricans, Cubans, Dominicans, Salvadorans, and Colombians.

“The melting pot is at work as the survey shows that the children of Latino immigrants are English-speakers and express views closer to the American mainstream than the immigrant generation,” said Roberto Suro, Director of the Pew Hispanic Center. “Assimilation is not a simple, all-encompassing process, and even Latinos whose families have been in the United States for several generations express some attitudes distinct from whites and African Americans.”

"A Cuban in Miami, a Salvadoran immigrant in Washington D.C., and a third generation Mexican in Los Angeles may all have roots in Spanish speaking countries,” said Mollyann Brodie, Ph.D., Vice President, Director, Public Opinion and Media Research at the Kaiser Family Foundation, “but their diversity in views and experiences in the United States suggests that people should be wary of generalizing too much about Latinos."

Discrimination

Latinos overwhelmingly say that discrimination is a problem that keeps Hispanics from succeeding in general (82%) and is a problem in the workplace (78%) and at schools (75%).

· When asked about personal experiences, one in three (31%) Latinos report that they or someone close to them has suffered discrimination in the past five years because of their racial or ethnic background.
· Many Hispanics report experiencing more subtle forms of unfair treatment because of their racial or ethnic background, including being treated with less respect than others (45%), receiving poorer service than others (41%), and being insulted or called names (30%).
· When asked to explain why they believe they were treated unfairly, they are most likely to say it is due to the language they speak (35%), though many attribute it to their physical appearance (24%), or feel it is a combination of the language they speak and their physical appearance (20%).
· Latinos also identify discrimination within the Latino community as a problem. Eight in ten (83%) report that Hispanics discriminating against other Latinos is a problem, including almost half (47%) who say it is a major problem.
· Views about Latinos discriminating against other Latinos is one example of the sometimes substantial differences across places of origin. Colombians (61%) and Dominicans (57%) are more likely than Mexicans (48%), Cubans (42%), and Puerto Ricans (39%) to feel that this type of discrimination is a major problem. Salvadorans (54%) and all Central (53%) and South Americans (52%) are more evenly divided on this issue.

Identity

The survey shows that immigration has a strong influence on Latinos’ social identity. However, social identity is more complex than simply a connection to an ancestral homeland.

· More than half of Latinos (54%) say their country of origin is the first or only choice for identifying themselves, compared to one-fourth of Latinos (24%) who say that “Latino” or “Hispanic” is their first choice, and one-fifth (21%) who say “American” is their preference.
· More than two-thirds (68%) of foreign-born Latinos primarily choose their country of origin.
· Those born in the United States of immigrant parents are about equally likely to identify themselves by their parents’ country of origin (38%) or as American (35%).
· Over half (57%) of Latinos with U.S.-born parents are more likely to identify first as Americans.

Assimilation

The survey suggests that Latinos who are native-born or speak English tend to have social values and hold beliefs that are more characteristic of mainstream American views than are the views of recent Latino immigrants – with the exception of such issues as importance of family and size of government, where they express a more distinct Latino perspective.

· Three in ten Hispanics (29%) believe that you can be more successful in an American workplace if you are willing to work long hours at the expense of your personal life compared to nearly half of whites (46%). However, less than a fifth of Latinos who predominantly speak Spanish (17%) voice that view, compared to 45% of those who predominantly speak English. Similar gaps exist between the foreign and the native born.
· A larger majority of Hispanics (72%) than whites (59%) feel that sex between two adults of the same sex is unacceptable. Again, differences are considerably more pronounced between Spanish and English dominant Latinos – 81% versus 60%, respectively – and the foreign versus native born – 77% versus 64%, respectively say unacceptable.
· More Latinos (89%) than whites (67%) agree that relatives are more important than friends. However, on this issue, foreign born (92%) and native born (82%) are more likely to agree with each other than with their non-Hispanic counterparts.

Latinos report positive views on living in the United States compared to their countries of origin. They feel strongly that the United States offers more opportunities to get ahead for themselves and their children in terms of employment and education. They do, however, express concern about the state of moral values and strength of family ties in this country.

· More than three-quarters of Hispanics think Latino children growing up in the United States will get a better education than they did (80%) and will have better jobs and make more money than they do (76%).
· Fewer, but still about half (56%), have confidence that Latino children growing up in the United States will have the same moral values as they do.

An overwhelming majority (89%) of Hispanics believe that immigrants need to learn English in order to succeed.

· This is one instance where Latinos from different places of origin agree. For example, an overwhelming majority of Mexicans (89%), Puerto Ricans (86%), Cubans (89%), Central Americans (94%), South Americans (89%), Salvadorans (94%), Dominicans (92%), and Colombians (88%) all agree that immigrants need to learn to speak English.
· Almost three-quarters (72%) of foreign-born Hispanics predominantly speak Spanish and nearly a quarter are bilingual (24%). Six in ten (61%) native-born Latinos predominately speak English and a third (35%) are bilingual.
· In the second generation – the U.S.-born children of Latino immigrants – 47% are bilingual, 46% are English dominant, and 7% are Spanish dominant.

Other key findings from the 2002 National Survey of Latinos include:

· Latinos (35%) are more likely to report being without health insurance than whites (14%) or African Americans (21%).
· About three in ten (29%) Latinos report having problems communicating with their health care providers because of language barriers.

About three in ten Latinos have had problems paying their rent or mortgage in the past year (28%), report being laid off or having lost their job in the past year (30%), and two-thirds report not having been able to save money for the future (66%).

To download the full report in PDF format, click here.

BLASONES Y APELLIDOS by Fernando Muñoz Altea Galvez
Apellido extendido por la Peninsula, procedente de Guernica, Vizcaya con casas en Aragón, Cataluña y Andalucia. Una rama pasó a Indias. Probo su nobleza en las Ordenes de Santiago (1719), Calatrava (1695, 1785 y 1797) y Carlos III (1783, 1794 y 1815) y en la Real Compañia de Guardias Marinas (1752), Don Bernardo de Galvéz fue creado Conde de Galvéz en 28 de mayo de 1783, y don José de Galvéz Márques de Sonora en 9 de octubre de 1785		Procedente de Teruel, una rama se estableció en Coín y de ella perteneció don Francisco Galvéz Carmona, esposo de doña Ana Bejarano, a la que hizo madre don Garcia Galvéz Carmona, llegado al mundo en Cártama y Regidor Perpetuo de Málaga, que contrajo matriomonio con doña Leonor López Corral, naciendo de este enclace don Bartolomé Galvéz y López Corral, malagueño, Comisario General de la Caballeria, Contador Mayor de Cruzada y Caballero de la
Orden de Santiago en 1692. Pasó a Guatemala y se desposó allí con doña Francisca Barón de Berrieza, procreando a don José Tomás Galvéz y Barón, también santiaguista en 1719. En la villa malagueña de Macharaviaya hubo un ilustre asentamiento ye de él proceden los Galvéz, padre e hijo que fueron Virreyes de la Nueva España. Don Antonio Galvéz, religioso franciscano a quién se le instruyó sumaria en Zacatecas (1812), fue acusado de insurgencia, pero debido a que las autoridades realistas mantenían su regor en contra de Galvéz, el Prior del convento de su orden en la ciudad mencioada, mandó al Virrey (1814), testimonio de la causa a fin de demostrar que Galvéz había sido plenamente indemnizado y conseguir ahí que se le restituyeran los honores y preeminencias de que antes disfrutaba. En Oaxaxa en 1811 don Bernardo Galvéz fue preso por "indicios de extranjero" y por expresar opiniones favorables a la Insurgencia. Sus armas son: En campo de plata un arbol de sinople y dos lobos de sable atravesados a su tronco y cebados de sendos corderos. En 20 de mayo de 1783 se autorizó al Teniente General don Bernardo de Galvéz para que añadiese a sus armas un cuartel azur con una flor de lis de oro. Los de Aragón traen: en campo de oro, un léon rampante de púrpura, acompañado de cuatro cabezas de sierpe de sinope, una en cada ángulo del escudo. Cabe señalar que el escudo más antiguo dentro de la heráldica, es el de mayor validez. Extract from BLASONES Y APELLIDOS, 828-page book by Fernando Muñoz Altea In its second edition, the book can be ordered from blasones@mail.com or at P.O. Box 11232, El Paso, Texas 79995 or by contacting Armando Montes AMontes@Mail.com

Content Areas United States . . . 2 Surname Galvez . 20 Galvez Project . . 21 Orange Co, CA . . 23 Los Angeles, CA 25 California . . . . . . 27 Southwestern . . . 37 Black . . . . . . . . 43 Indigenous . . . . . 44 Sephardic . . . . . 46 Texas . . . . . . . . 50 East Mississippi . 56 East Coast . . . . . 60 Mexico . . . . . . . .63 Caribbean/Cuba . 73 International . . . . 75 History . . . . . . . . 79 Archaeology . . . . .84 Miscellaneous. . . 86 2003 Index Community Calendars Networking Meetings January 25th - - - SHHAR Quarterly END
	Mexico Pavilion Disney World’s EPCOT Center Eddie Martinez, California artist
	The attention now paid to Latin arts appears to be more than just a passing fad. There is a new broader attitude toward art and attracting audiences, observers say, with eyes on changing demographics and the bottom line. Recognizing the dramatic rise in the number of Latino residents, art organizations are adjusting their programming and outreach accordingly. Arts organizations can't rely on simply presenting the old European standards to an ever-shrinking audience. Diversity is a matter of survival, especially in these difficult economic times. For generations, Mexico and other Latin American countries have fostered a tradition of institutional support for the fine arts. That tradition hasn't always been recognized by U.S. art czars until recently. Some say the increase in Latin American offerings is part of a larger, growing internationalism and trans-nationalism in the art word, not just a look down south. Latin American artists are now operating on a global scale; their talent - and their cachet [importance/prestige]- cannot be denied. (Extract: Latin American arts all the age in Orange Co. by Richard Chang, O.C. Register, 12-8-02)