Somos Primos
Dedicated to Hispanic Heritage and Diversity Issues

145th Online Issue

Editor: Mimi Lozano ©2000-2012
To request monthly notification, with the issue's Table of Contents
contact mimilozano@aol.com 

"The most tyrannical governments are those which make crimes of opinions, 
for everyone has an inalienable right to his own thoughts."
Baruch Spinoza

Creation of the National Museum of the American Latino 
2009-2011 Final Report 
Public Law 110-229, 122 STAT 754 (May8, 2008)

Dr. José B. Fernández, Raul Danny Vargas, Eva Longoria, Susan Gonzales, Vice Chair, Cindy Peña, Abigail M. Pollak, Ellie López-Bowlan, Dr. Eduardo J. Padrón, Luis R. Cancel, Lorraine García-Nakata, Henry R. Muñoz III, Chairman, Andrés W. López, Secretary of the Interior Ken Salazar, Sean D. Reyes, Dr. Aida T. Levitan, Cid Wilson, Dr. Emma Sepúlveda, Dr. Gilberto Cárdenas, Sandy Colón-Peltyn,
Emilio Estefan Jr., Vice Chair, Rosa J. Correa, Carlos J. Ezeta, Moctesuma Esparza, Nelson Albareda, (not pictured)

On May 8, 2008, the Commission to Study the Potential Creation of a National Museum of the American Latino was signed into law (Public Law 110-229 [S.2739]). The law created a 23-member commission, made up of appointees of the President and House and Senate leadership. Commission members were tasked with studying over a two–year period the feasibility of and plan for a new national museum in the nation's capital. More

NEWS RELEASE
September 17, 2012

CONTACT:
Estuardo Rodriguez
202-631-2892, Estuardo@rabengroup.com

FRIENDS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM OF THE AMERICAN LATINO CALL ON CONGRESS TO JOIN BIPARTISAN EFFORT TO PASS SMITHSONIAN AMERICAN LATINO MUSEUM ACT
FRIENDS update community and national leaders during 35th Annual CHCI Policy Conference

Washington, D.C. – Last Wednesday, the Friends of the American Latino Museum (FRIENDS), a 501(c)(3) created to push forward the American Latino Museum initiative, hosted its annual reception in conjunction with the Congressional Hispanic Caucus Institute’s (CHCI) 2012 Public Policy Conference. With sponsorship from Time Warner Cable, AARP, and CHCI, FRIENDS gathered Board members, Congressional leaders, administration officials, policy makers, and museum supporters to discuss the museum’s legislative progress and FRIENDS community engagement efforts.

Legislation to designate a location for the museum on the National Mall, the Smithsonian American Latino Museum Act, is still pending in Congress, yet grassroots support has remained strong and continues to build steadily. Through a combined effort of social media and direct community engagement, FRIENDS have amassed a base of over 300,000 fans, followers, and supporters of the cause. In addition, the FRIENDS have amassed a bipartisan list of over 50 members of the House and Senate who support the museum initiative. That list will continue to be a focus for the remainder of the year with the goal of hitting 100 members of Congress.


FRIENDS used the event to call Washington’s political leaders to action. Passing the Smithsonian American Latino Museum Act would designate space along the National Mall to the project and create a landmark to the culture and contributions of the Latino community to the founding and strengthening of our nation.

“This event is another exciting milestone in the journey toward an American Latino Museum,” said Jonathan Yorba, chair of FRIENDS. “We call on members of the House and Senate to support the museum legislation, and we call on all Americans who support this project to join our effort on our website or social networks. An historic achievement like this one does not come quickly or easily, but through the hard work of our supporters, this museum is closer than ever to becoming a reality.”

Dear Friends and Colleagues:

The National Park Service is pleased to announce its new on-line American Latino Heritage Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary.  This itinerary features units of the National Park System and places listed in the National Register of Historic Places, most of which are National Historic Landmarks.  The itinerary is available on the National Park Service website at http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/American_Latino_Heritage/.  Produced in partnership with the National Conference of State Historic Preservation Officers, the American Latino Heritage Itinerary is the 55th in the on-line Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary Series and is part of the Department of the Interior’s American Latino Heritage Initiative. The series supports historic preservation, promotes public awareness of history, and encourages visits to historic places throughout the country.

Please let others know that the itinerary is available and share the news release widely, especially with the media in your area.  We also hope that those of you who administer appropriate websites will add a link from your websites to the new itinerary to increase knowledge of and visits to the nearly 200 featured destinations that reflect hundreds of years of American Latino heritage: the first Spanish expeditions to the New World, establishment of settlements and cultural traditions, struggles for civil rights, and much more.  Thank you to all who contributed to the preparation of the itinerary.

Best wishes, Carol D. Shull
Interim Keeper of the National Register of Historic Places
Chief, Heritage Education Services
National Park Service
1201 Eye Street NW
Washington, DC 20005
202-354-2234
FAX:  202-371-1616

Sent by TBowers@savingplaces.org



Adrienne Castellon, in Washington with NPS suggests (1) sending the name of the significant place, where it is located, and a few sentences about why it tells an important story to: American_Latino_Heritage@nps.gov AND/OR (2) contact your State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) to find out how you can nominate important places to the National Register of Historic Places. Find your SHPO at: http://www.ncshpo.org. If each one of us would try to promote a historic site in our area, we could cover the entire US with recommendations.

Kennedy Center chief Kaiser regrets ‘strong language’ 
in talk about diversity in 2012 Honorees

http://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/michael-kaiser-felix-sanchez-spar-over-kennedy-centers-lack-of-latino-
honorees/2012/09/21/46a0d7f6-043a-11e2-9b24-ff730c7f6312_story.html 

The Hispanic population of the United States as of July 1, 2011
52.0 million

The following data is from the 2011 Census http://www.census.gov/popest/data/national/asrh/2011/index.html

The Hispanic population of the United States as of July 1, 2011, making people of Hispanic origin the nation's largest ethnic or race minority. Hispanics constituted 16.7 percent of the nation's total population. In addition, there are 3.7 million residents of Puerto Rico, a U.S. territory.

1.3 million: 

2.5%

132.8 million

50.5 million

2nd

63%

Characteristics of the 60 Largest Hispanic Metropolitan Areas
In 50 of the Top 60, Mexican-Origin Hispanics are the Largest Hispanic Group

Sent by Bill Carmena  jcarm1724@aol.com 

National Association of Hispanic Publications |
 529 14th St. NW | Suite 1126 | Washington | DC | 20045

NAHP Convention and Business Expo
Celebrating 30 Years of Excellence in the
Hispanic Publishing Industry
October 18-20, 2012
Catamaran Resort Hotel and Spa
3999 Mission Boulevard
San Diego, CA 92109
800-422-8386
Convention Room Rates from $149/night!
Mention "NAHP Convention" for Convention Rates

Charlie Ericksen, 
MALDEF Lifetime Achievement, 
         Community Service             
Washington D.C. Awards Gala, June 20th, 2012 

2012 Hispanic Heritage Month theme: "Diversity United, Building America's Future Today"

LULAC National Office, 1133 19th Street NW, Suite 1000 Washington DC 20036, (202) 833-6130, (202) 833-6135 FAX

 
Resources for 2012 Hispanic Heritage Month

HISPANICS BREAKING BARRIERS

Second Volume, 11th Issue

By  
Mercy Bautista-Olvera  

Judge Adalberto José Jordan:  United States Judge, Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit.  

Angela Salinas:  United States Major General

Alex Padilla:  California State Senate representing 20th District.

Esperanza (Hope) Andrade:  State Secretary, New Mexico

Judge Amanda Torres:  Justice of the Peace for Precinct 1, Place 1  

Judge Adalberto José Jordan

Judge Adalberto José Jordan is serving as Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit.  

Adalberto José Jordan was born in Havana, Cuba; he came with his family to Miami, Florida as a child.  He is married to Esther, a teacher at St. Brendan High School. The couple have two daughters, Diana and Elizabeth.  

In 1980, Jordan graduated from St. Brendan High School. He earned a Bachelor’s Degree in Politics, magna cum laude, from the University of Miami. In 1987, he earned a Jurist Degree from the University Of Miami School Of Law, graduating second in his law school class.

Jordan served as a clerk for Judge Thomas Alonzo Clark on the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals in Atlanta, Georgia.  

From 1988 to 1989, Jordan served for Justice Sandra Day O’Connor on the United States Supreme Court.

In 1989, Jordan returned to Miami, Florida, and served an Associate for Steel, Hector & Davis, and  in 1994, he became an Assistant United States Attorney  for the Southern District of Florida.  In 1998, he was appointed Chief of the Appellate Division.

On March 15, 1999, former President Bill Clinton nominated Jordan to the seat on the United States District Court for the southern District of Florida. 

On August 2, 2011, President Obama nominated Jordan for the judgeship. On October 13th, 2011 the Senate Judiciary Committee approved his nomination.

On February 15, 2012, the United States Senate confirmed Jordan to the seat on the Eleventh Circuit in a 94–5 vote.

 “America will be a better place because of it," she said, referring to Judge Jordan's elevation to the appeals bench. He is the first Cuban-born person to sit on that court, which has jurisdiction over Florida, Georgia, and Alabama. He's a great teacher. He's beloved by his students. He's so anxious for them to succeed. So much so that Judge Jordan hires our students as clerks, and as Legal Corps fellows,” the dean further stated, "He never says no when we ask him for something," stated Miami Law Dean Patricia D. White.    

Major General Angela Salinas

Angela Salinas is serving as a General. She’s the first woman to command a Recruit Depot, the first Hispanic female to become a general officer.

She is the daughter of a mechanic and a housekeeper, who worked the “ranchitos” [farms] in South Texas. As a teenager her parents gave her advice that she has never forgotten, "Make a difference with what you have that maybe someone else does not."  

Salinas earned a Bachelor’s of Arts Degree in History from Dominican College of San Rafael University of California and a Master’s Degree from the Naval War College. She is also a graduate of the Amphibious Warfare School, the Naval War College’s Command and Staff College, and the Army War College.  

In 1974, Major General Angela Salinas began her military career at Parris Island, South Carolina in South Carolina after enlisting into the Unites States Marine Corps.

After graduation she was assigned to the 2^nd Marine Aircraft Wing at MCAS Cherry Point, serving as a legal services officer.  In 1980, Salinas was assigned to Woman Recruit Training Command in Parris Island; she served as a Series Commander, Executive Officer. In 1986, she assumed command of headquarters and Service Company, 1^st Maintenance Battalion until 1987. She soon became the Deputy G-1, 1^st Force Service support Group both at Camp Pendleton, California.

In 1988, Salinas was transferred to serve as the executive officer for the Recruiting Station in Charleston in West Virginia. In 1992, she served as a combat battalion Operations Officer.  

She also served as the director of Manpower Management Division, Manpower and Reserve Affairs, Headquarters Marine Corps in Washington, D. C.  

On August 2, 2006, Salinas was promoted to the rank of Brigadier General.

In August 2009, Salinas served as Director Manpower and Reserve Affairs at Marine Corps Base Quantico.

In May 2010, she was promoted to Major General.  Major General Angela Salinas is the first woman to command a Recruit Depot, the first Hispanic female to become a general officer, and only the sixth female in the Marine Corps to reach the rank of Brigadier General.

Esperanza (Hope) Andrade

Esperanza “Hope” Andrade is Texas’ 107th Secretary of State and one of six state officials to form the Executive Department of the State of Texas. Governor Rick Perry appointed Secretary Andrade as the first Latina Secretary of State, swearing her into office on July 23, 2008.

Esperanza Andrade was born in San Antonio, Texas. She is the adopted daughter of Eloisa, a native of Texas, and Mexican born, Elpidio Puente. Her parents worked in the cotton fields. She is married to Ramiro Andrade, the coupe have one son, Michael, a daughter-in-law, and three grandsons.

She attended Our Lady of the Lake University, University of Incarnate Word, and Entrepreneurship Program at the University of Texas at San Antonio.

Secretary Andrade was a successful entrepreneur and leader in the San Antonio business community for more than three decades. Andrade served as chair of the Texas Transportation Commission.

Secretary Andrade served as Texas’ chief elections officer, chief international protocol officer, and Border Commerce Coordinator for Governor Rick Perry.    

"I'm honored. I'm humbled. It's been an emotional period for me because we made history today as the first Latina with that comes a tremendous responsibility, because now it's up to me to do an exceptional job so that the door remains open," she said in an interview after her swearing-in by Governor Perry. She said she feels a particular

responsibility to do "an exceptional job" because her appointment is a first for a Hispanic woman.  

The Secretary’s civic service includes previous leadership roles with the Greater San Antonio Chamber of Commerce, San Antonio Hispanic Chamber of Commerce, Free Trade Alliance of San Antonio, the United Way, the San Antonio Symphony, and the board of trustees for Our Lady of the Lake University.

In recognition of her service to Texas, Secretary Andrade has received a number of accolades including the San Antonio Hispanic Chamber of Commerce’s “Lifetime Achievement” award, the “Hope for Children Esperanza” award, and the San Antonio “Leadership Hall of Fame” award. Additionally, she has been named the “Woman of the Year” by the Houston Chapter of the Women’s Transportation Seminar, “Mother of the Year” by Avance and Small Business, and “Advocate of the Year” by the Small Business Administration.

In April, 2012, Andrade launched a voter educational program “Make your Mark on Texas” to encourage understanding and participation in the 2012 election-cycle.

Texas Secretary of State Esperanza Andrade also stated, “My parents taught me the need to be successful in life, they value hard work and taught me to value it as well.”    

Alex Padilla

Alex Padilla is a member of the California State Senate representing the 20th District.  On his first day in the Senate, Padilla was appointed to the powerful Senate Rules Committee which confirms gubernatorial appointments and refers all bills in the Senate.  

He is the son of immigrant parents from Mexico; he was raised in Pacoima, California (San Fernando Valley).

Alex Padilla was accepted by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (M.I.T.) and graduated with a degree in Mechanical Engineering.  He worked for Hughes Aircraft, soon after Padilla worked for U.S. Senator Dianne Feinstein and later, then-Assembly member Tony Cardenas.  

In 1999, Alex Padilla was first elected to public office when at the age of 26 he ran for Los Angeles City Council. Just two years later, in July of 2001, his council colleagues elected him council president. Padilla was not only the first Latino, but the youngest person ever elected city council president. He was unanimously re-elected twice and served as council president of America’s second largest city for 4 ½ years. He stepped down as council president on January 1, 2006 when he launched his campaign for the State Senate.

In his council district he was well known for bringing new libraries, fire stations and a new police division to his district as well as upgrading basic infrastructure including parks, streets, sidewalks, and streetlights that impact the quality of life in neighborhoods. He also led efforts to locate and fund the construction of the new Children’s Museum of Los Angeles in the San Fernando Valley

As City council president, Alex Padilla provided citywide leadership at critical times - among them, hiring William Bratton as Chief of the Los Angeles Police Department, developing a plan to redesign the Los Angeles International Airport, and served as Acting Mayor during the tragedy of September 11. 

His leadership abilities did not go unnoticed. He served as Chair of the Los Angeles Leadership Council of the American Diabetes Association from 2006-2007 and now serves as Chair of the Honorary Board.

From 2005 to 2006 Padilla led California’s 478 cities as President of the League of California Cities. His service with the League of California Cities provided him unique opportunities to participate in negotiations on statewide issues. He negotiated with legislative leaders and the governor to place Proposition 1A on the ballot, which subsequently was approved with more than 80% of the vote and now constitutionally protects local government funding from state raids.

As a member of the Senate, Alex Padilla represents more than 850,000 residents of San Fernando Valley in Los Angeles.  

Judge Amanda Torres 

Judge Amanda N. Torres was born and raised in Corpus Christi, Texas.  

She attended Lexington Elementary, South Park Middle School, and Carroll High School. Judge Torres graduated from Texas A&M University - College Station in 2002 with a Bachelor of Arts in Anthropology and a minor in Chemistry. Judge Torres attended and graduated from St. Mary's University School of Law in 2007, and is an attorney licensed to practice law in Texas.  

Judge Torres served as a judicial intern with the 13^thCourt of Appeals, Corpus Christi division, where she reviewed civil and criminal cases on appeal, conducted extensive legal research, and drafted legal opinions to be used by the various justices and their law clerks.  

Judge Torres also worked as a student attorney as part of the St. Mary's Civil Justice and Litigation Clinic, offering appropriate legal services in English and Spanish to low income and homeless clients at various shelters in San Antonio, Texas.  

She worked as a prosecutor in the Nueces County District Attorney's Office handling misdemeanor and felony cases. Judge Torres was appointed by the Nueces County Commissioners as Justice of the Peace for Precinct 1, Place 1 and sworn into office on September 30, 2009.  

In 2010, Judge Amanda N. Torres was elected to serve on the board of directors for the Council on Alcohol and Drug AbuseCoastal Bend.  

Immigration News: New Data Show Population, Migration Trends

Why Latinos Need to Register and Vote
By: Arturo Vargas

Latinos are the fastest-growing and second largest population group in the United States. According to projections from the National Association of Latino Elected and Appointed Officials (NALEO) Educational Fund, more than 12.2 million Latino voters are expected to cast ballots on Election Day, an increase of 26 percent from 2008. 

The Latino voter will again be a decisive force in the White House race, in addition to statewide and local elections across the nation.  Latinos are predicted to be the deciding factor this November in nine key states, which carry 101 Electoral College votes of the 270 needed for either President Obama or Governor Romney to win this year.

Despite the ability of the Latino voter to shape America's political landscape more than 10 million Latinos are expected not to vote this November.  

Imagine the electoral potential if all 23.5 million Latino citizens of voting-age were not only registered, but voted. Imagine if all Americans of voting-age were not only registered, but voted.

Campaigns and candidates are battling for support and for voters to rally behind their ideas and their leadership. Voting does not just send a candidate to Washington D.C., the state legislature or city hall; it speaks to the issues most pressing in a voter's life such as the economy, education, and healthcare.

We can bring change to our communities, but we need to vote.  In order to secure funding for schools, to create new jobs and safer streets we must cast our ballot in every election including the next one on November 6.

Ensuring today's voter is informed, empowered, and inspired to own this year's election means continuing to eliminate the barriers that prevent participation. Now more than ever, the need to register to vote is high.

Registering to vote hass never been easier. NALEO Educational Fund, in collaboration with other national Latino organizations and Spanish-language media, coordinates the historic non-partisan Latino ya es hora ("It's Time") civic participation campaign, which helps voters navigate the registration process.

Individuals interested in registering to vote can call ya es hora's national bilingual hotline, 1-888-VE-Y-VOTA, which is operational year-round to help voters with electoral information. While the Post Office and libraries provide voter registration forms, citizens can also register to vote easily online at www.YaEsHora.info . It takes less than 5 minutes to complete, and once complete, must be printed, stamped, and mailed. In addition, the California Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) will offer Californians the ability to register to vote online without needing to print the form by visiting www.dmv.ca.gov .

With less than three months until Election Day, it is critical people register to vote ahead of the registration deadline. The registration deadline in California is October 22, however it is never too early to register to vote or to encourage others to do the same. Registering to vote is the first step towards bettering communities and country. The second is making an informed vote on November 6 that speaks on what matters most to you. The next is continued engagement. Only through active participation, year after year, will we continue strengthening our democracy and our country.

Make your vote count on November 6. Register to vote!

# # #

Sent by Kirk Whisler 
kirk@whisler.com
Latino Print Network | 3445 Catalina Dr. | Carlsbad | CA | 92010
www.mylatinonetwork.com      Latino Marketing 101 

The plan was first submitted by Rep. Chaka Fattah (D-Pa.) in 2010. 

www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/111/hr4646  
Feb 23, 2010 – Feb 23, 2010. H.R. 4646 (111th). 

HEADS UP:   Former DEATH TAX REINSTATED, AS OF JANUARY 1, 2013

U.S. Nears Aid Deal to Relieve $1 Billion in Egyptian Debt
By STEVEN LEE MYERS

The federal administration is nearing an agreement with the country’s new government to relieve $1 billion of its debt as part of an American assistance package intended to bolster its transition to democracy

http://www.nytimes.com/?adxnnl=1&adxnnlx=
1346714017-/qAGUoOR/tN6cveKbxsG7g 

http://www.motherjones.com/files/gse_legal_fees_breakdown.pdf   

Government paid Freddie Mac legal expenses

=================

aolemb://B99E285C-5E67-4AEE-9067-C500A0E256CA/Untitled.jpg

Figure 1. Adapted from International Energy Outlook; Energy Information Administration (EIA), Office of Integrated Analysis and Forecasting, U.S. Department of Energy, May, 2009

Because coal is found in 34 of the 50 United States, it can be mined and delivered to virtually any place in the country to make electricity. Generating electricity close to where it is used minimizes power loss due to the electrical resistance on transmission lines. Coal is used to generate electricity in every U.S. state, including Hawaii.  

Coal currently generates about 50% of the electricity used in the U.S., and over 98% of that coal is mined here at home. 
In 2008 approximately 1.17 billion tons of coal were consumed in the U.S. to produce electricity, steel, plastics, aspirin, cosmetics, asphalt, and a variety of other products. Coal is also a valuable raw material for making liquid fuels like methanol and gasoline, as the Germans were doing during World War II and like the South Africans are doing today.

Complete report:  http://www.geocraft.com/WVFossils/Energy.html 

Two kinds of austerity by Veronique de Rugy

WITNESS TO HERITAGE

MAS in Tucson was created and funded by a Federal Desegregation order vand as quiet as it's kept - Arizona is still a part of the United States. They are ultimately subject to the same rule of law the rest of us are. Watch above as one of the SES attorney's Jana Happel explains to the TUSD board why they are on the wrong side of history.

Video: History of Desegregation in TUSD and that MAS is federally protected

Editor:   I just wish more would have been included in the presentation about the efforts of  Mexican Americans for historic inclusion.  

La Raza Unida Party Reunion: What I Saw and Heard by James Rodriguez

Rag Radio: Raza Unida Party in Texas

COMMENTARY ON THE SIGNIFICANCE OF  “ EL GRITO”

OF THE “ 16 DE  SEPTIEMBRE”

 By: Dr. Lino García,Jr.-UTPA

In 1519, Hernán Cortés and his soldiers, after having first arrived in the Port of Veracruz, traveled into mainland México and immediately heard of the vast richness of the Aztecs. Along the way, the Spaniards had made friends with an Indian tribe who were enemies of the Aztecs, and Cortés had befriended an Indian Princess named Doña Malinche. These events, plus the belief among the Aztecs that eventually a White God would someday arrive to conquer them, made it somewhat easy for Cortés and the few of his men to conquer a nation that had thousands of soldiers. However, it was not until the year 1521 when the entire Aztec nation was finally subdued and México became a possession and colony of Spain .  

Having just finished a battle against the Arabs, and defeating them at Granada in 1492, Spain was now unified in religion, race, and monarchy. Queen Isabela and King Fernando now ruled a huge empire, and the Spanish Empire looked for new ventures to conquer, thus the New World opened up to them, thrusting Spain into the mainstream of its destiny and commencing so huge an adventure unequal in world history.  After almost 800 hundred years of fighting the Moslems, Spain had developed a unique military mindset, and its soldiers needed an adventure equal to none; and Cortés was able to open the New World for its Conquest and Colonization that lasted until the year 1821, when México then  gained its Independence from Spain.  

The Mexican Empire of that time covered hundreds of miles into what is now the United States of America , extending its borders way into what is now the state of Kansas and perhaps beyond.  The entire border area covering what is now Texas was then called “El Seno Mexicano", or the Mexican Heartland, an immense area where Indians roamed and where pilgrimages from the interior of México were common as a way of  bathing  in nature and receiving a sort of cosmic awakening. In 1528, the first Spaniards to travel into what is now Texas were Cabeza de Vaca and Pánfilo de Narváez, with Cabeza de Vaca becoming the first European to write the first narrative "Los Naufragios", the first account of the flora and fauna of this land,  in addition to identifying all tribes of Indians living in Texas. We know that Captain Alonzo de Pineda drew the first map of Texas and sailed around the coast of Texas in 1519, however he never landed. These were the first excursions of Europeans Hispanics into what is now Texas, providing the Spanish authorities with information needed for further colonization. As the state became better known to the authorities in Spain. plans went into execution to colonize what is now Texas by the Spanish government. Thus began the systematic colonization of the Southwest, including what is now Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, Colorado, Nevada  and California.    

Colonel José de Escandón, the colonizer of South Texas, brought Spanish/Mexican families from Queretaro, Saltillo, and Monterrey in 1749 into this area to develop its land, raise cattle, build the ranching industry, starting the first cattle drives, and to construct communities in the name of the King of Spain. The year of 1749 is still approximately 61 years before the start of the separation from Spain which occurred in a little village of Dolores Hidalgo in Mexico on September 16, 1810. Ideas from French  philosophers such as Voltaire, Jean Jacques Rousseau, and Montesquieu that sparked the French Revolution of 1789 made their way to “ La Nueva España’ and infused the thinking of individuals like Padre Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla who initiated the struggle for independence, under his command and that of his colleague José María Morelos Their efforts were  defeated by the Spanish Royalists, and it was not until the year 1821 that México finally won its freedom from Spain, liberating not only what is now México, but the entire Southwest of the United States, including Texas. We know that “ El Grito” of September 16, 1810 resonated throughout Texas and  that two skirmishes in support of Padre Hidalgo occurred on Texas soil after 1810:  the “  de las Casas Revolt in 1811”  and the “ Battle of Medina in 1813” where close to one thousand Tejanos perished in support of freedom from oppression. In addition the  then Municipality of San Antonio de Béjar, consisting of Tejano councilmen, voted to support  Padre Miguel Hidalgo’s efforts. We must keep in mind that after the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848, the original settlers of Texas ,the TEJANOS, now became Mexican-Americans and citizens of the United States, after having resided in Texas well over 300 years, and making vast  contributions to the culture we all now enjoy, the most prominent were the ranching, the cattle industry and all of its related culture that makes Texas so unique from the rest of the nation. In other words the Tejanos did not cross the Río Grande River, the river crossed them.  Thus, the “ El Grito of 1810” also liberated the Tejanos as well. We must also remember that at various times before 1845 , a total of  32 Spanish governors ruled what is now Texas , setting the stage for the many institutions present day Texans enjoy and take for granted. Institutions such as the first concept of public education established in 1690 at first a component of the Missions, and then in 1748 for the children of San Fernando de Béjar  that set the stage for the public system of education, establishing tuition free and compulsory attendance for the students of those early days in what is now Texas. Also established by Tejanos were the code of laws that the Spanish authorities , such as water laws, family laws, and land laws still in place in this state, laws that were a replica of the “ Las Siete Partidas”, a a jurisprudence codes of conduct first introduced in Spain by Alfonso  X-El Sabio during the 13thl century;  also the first hospital, the ranching industry, cattle drives, the first municipal government, the first  system of farming, the naming of rivers, the first “ Compañía de  Caballería o de Volantes”, patterned after the “ La Santa Hermandad” of Medieval Spain, formed to protect its citizens, and brought over to  New Spain, and that later on evolved into the Texas Rangers,  the Christianization of the Indian population, banking, trade, religion townships, and other institutions that now comprise modern Texas. 

All of the above were brought to Texas by these enterprising Spanish/Mexican individuals, and these institutions are what make Texas different from other states.  Practically everything Texas brags about is TEJANO :  the longhorns, mustangs ( mesteños), rodeos, the chile, the  boots, spurs, chaps ( chaparreras), ten gallon hat ( sombrero de diez  galones) as the northern individual coming in to Texas after 1821, at the invitation of Tejano/Mexican government, shed their moccasins , their coon hat, their clothing, their habits and adopted the Tejano style; also the  patio, rancho, barbacoa ( desde la barba hasta la cola), carne seca ( jerky meat), flour tortillas, huevos rancheros, tacos, enchiladas, carne guisada,  all of these were unknown to the newly arrived immigrants from the north who were given land grants by the Mexican government who ruled Texas at that time , and who also became Mexican citizens,  as well as adopted the Catholic religion, and were asked to  form schools in their colonies by the Mexican government, their host at that time. Although , there were some vivid concern among the Tejano community that many of the northerners were coming into Texas after 1821 without proper documentation as required by México.  The “ Empresario” Esteban F. Austin ( that is how he signed his name in his perfect Spanish in corresponding with the Mexican authorities in the interior of México)  and his 30 original colonies came into Texas in 1821, via these land grants offered by the Mexican authorities two hundred and ninety three years AFTER the first Hispanics landed on Texas soil in 1528. If these early Spanish/Mexican pioneers, who tracked this land we call Texas centuries ago, had not brought these institutions, Texas would now look like Ohio or Illinois. The Tejano community deserves much credit, for “How the West was won “  and  for having prepared the land for the later on westward movement depicted in regular history books.

Having said that, let’s now connect the historical dotes:   

a.) The French Revolution of 1789 and its ideas of freedom from tyranny were imported to “ La Nueva España”. Padre Hidalgo and a few of his close associates read the ideas of freedom imparted by the French  philosophers Voltaire, Rousseau , and Montesquieu.

b.) On September 10, 1810 “ El Grito “ was proclaimed by Padre Hidalgo in support of freedom from Spain. “ El Grito “ then resonated throughout all of Texas, liberating Tejanos, and infusing them with the sentiment of freedom also .

c.) Two skirmishes were fought on Texas soil ( “ the de las Casas Revolt of 1811), and ( the Battle of Medina of 1813, where close to one thousand Tejanos perished in their pursue of freedom) ; and  all of these events happening on Texas soil before the arrival of a.) Esteban F. Austin with his colonies in 1821 at the invitation of the then Mexican Authorities who bestowed on them huge land grants as an incentive to come to then Mexican controlled Texas .b.), David Crockett, William Travis, c.) and other prominently mentioned in normal Texas History texts .

d.) These sentiment , framework and the desire for freedom within the Tejano community were formulated by Tejanos between  1810 to 1836.

f.) All of the above events then culminated in the Battle of the Alamo of 1836. Since the northerners did not arrive in Texas until 1821 it is, then , inconceivable that within fifteen years after arriving on Texas soil, the northerners would have had time to prepare  for this last mentioned Battle of the Alamo of 1836, and so they merely joined the Tejanos in their common struggle and their work in progress; thus it was the Tejanos and their thirst for liberty from Spain that ignited all future events. Tejanos were the first ones to set the framework, and the sentiment for freedom, the first ones to perish in support of liberty, and unfortunately the first ones to be forgotten in the pages of Texas History. No longer!                                                                       

Thus, all Texans, should be proud that the “ El Grito of 1810”  belongs to them also. That is why residents of this state celebrate the “ 16 de Septiembre “ in what is now modern Texas. It is their common heritage, and a pre-1836 seamless part of Texas  history that we cannot longer ignore. Furthermore “ El Grito “ or Cry for Freedom belongs to all humans, and transcends geopolitical boundaries.                   

Dr. Lino García,Jr.,is an 8^th. generation Tejano with ancestral Spanish land grants dating to 1767 on Texas soil, nine years before the American Revolution.  He holds the chair of Professor Emeritus of Spanish Literature at UTPA, and can be reached at:

(956) 665-3441 or at: LGarcia@UTPA.Edu   
Sent by Placido Salazar psalazar9@satx.rr.com

ERASING HISTORIC REALITY

HONORING HISPANIC LEADERSHIP

Dr. Cecilio Orozco, died September 6, 2012 

Cecilio Orozco his Life in Fresno (from 1975-2012)



In August of 1975, the rural area of Fresno, in the heart of the San Joaquin Valley, became the new home of the young Orozco scholar when he accepted a position as Assistant Professor in the School of Education of Human Development, of Fresno State. Within a year he met the love of his life who became Mrs. Laura Orozco. They were together for 36 years, and Laura was a devoted wife, an admirable mother and a splendid hostess for the new family.

As a young scholar, he became one of the first Mexican Americans to be hired at Fresno State, and the first one in the School of Education and Human Development. He opened the door to many and the existing establishment had no choice but to respect the novel instructor.


Cecilio confided to some of his close friends, that during the first department meeting after he was hired, an aggressive and skeptical Chairman addressed him in the following manner: “Well, ‘Dr.’ Orozco, welcome to our group, however, we shall see how apt and capable you are after sharing with us your credentials, and I wonder if you could mention some of the books you used to become a –Dr.-?” Cecilio cautiously remained silent, and looked straight ahead into the eyes of his challenger. This Chairman, in his attempt to humiliate the Mexican American novice Assistant Professor, thought that he had put Cecilio in his place. For the next department meeting, Cecilio arrived with two boxes filled with books – easily over 30 books in both boxes. As the meeting began, Cecilio asked permission from the Chairman to say something. Reluctantly the Chair answered: “What do you want?” Cecilio made eye contact again with the Chair, and said, “Last meeting you challenged me to share with you and this group what books I used during my doctorate. As I do not have access to all of them, because I have sold or given many to friends, I only brought a few…” Cecilio continued, raising each book for everybody to see, mentioning the title, author and short paragraph describing each book’s content and relevance. He did not use any notes – it was like he had been with those books forever. When he finished, everybody was perplexed, and a heavy silence dominated the office room that nobody dared to break. Cecilio concluded, ‘Well, those are some of the books that I used. Now, you tell me which books you used to be qualified to be Chairman?’ The Chair, overwhelmed and trying to dismiss the embarrassing incident, said, ‘Let’s begin our meeting’. Never again did anyone challenge Cecilio in the department. He refused to be intimidated by the discriminatory atmosphere, and had thoughtfully planned the best way to answer. This resulted in Cecilio being solidly recognized and respected in the School of Education; after that, the school establishment began to include culturally and ethnically diverse faculty coming to the School of Education thanks to Dr. Orozco who helped create a positive atmosphere.

Dr. Orozco made significant contributions to the Department of Curriculum and Instruction as the only bilingual instructor on the faculty. His connection with the community became one of his professional signatures; he became a bridge between the community and the University. His charismatic leadership attracted hundreds of students willing to become teachers and work under his mentoring. He brought millions of dollars in grants for bilingual education, and became an icon among Mexican American educators in California and the United States. After retiring, it was routine for Cecilio to be in a public place (restaurant, event, shopping center), and have a young man or woman come up to him and share with reverenced respect, ‘Dr. Orozco, thanks to you, I finished my teaching credential’; ‘Dr. Orozco, I always wanted to tell you how much you influenced me.’ ‘The class I had with you was the best Dr. Orozco’.

His contributions at Fresno State were far reaching and unmatched. He became a godfather for all new instructors coming to Fresno State, and in spite of his authentic, and at times ferocious, Mexican identity, he did not discriminate against races, ethnic groups, genders, or academic disciplines. If there was someone in need of support, Cecilio was always ready. Cecilio, Chicho, or Dr. Orozco was an unrivaled mentor for numerous novice scholars, such as: Dr. Berta Gonzalez, Dr. David Lopez, Dr. Mario Baca, Dr. Luz Gonzalez, Dr. Rosie Arenas, Dr. Alfredo Cuellar, and many more.

Of the many personal and professional qualities Cecilio demonstrated, two were particularly unique and highly admired: one was the constant, poignant, and sharp sense of humor. For example, he could change the tempo and climate of any meeting. In the most serious discussions, he would break ice or diffuse rivalries with a well placed joke. His keen and detailed knowledge of linguistics that made him come up with expressions that made most of this listeners wait for 3 or 5 seconds before understanding. Such as, when someone was driving and he was in a ‘copilot role’ he would instruct the driver: “Make a vuelta judía” (make a Jew turn). It wasn’t until you realized that in Spanish “a U turn” is a phoneme of “Jew” [a “U” turn is a vuelta judía]. The second quality Dr. Orozco had is one that set the professional standard for all researchers and academicians at Fresno State, often in disagreement over theories, teaching methods or pure ego driven rivalries, he never offered a word of criticism to a colleague, a fellow, an administrator, or a student. It was a model of civility and good manners.

But his civility and love for academia did not tame his passion for equity and social justice. Dr. Orozco was a fearless warrior pro-bilingual education, bringing more Latino, African American students, and culturally and ethnically diverse faculty to local schools, private and public colleges and universities, mainly his beloved Fresno State. Notably, he was invited by Senator Edward Kennedy to offer testimony as a bilingual authority to U.S. Congress.

Late in his University tenure he developed an indomitable passion for Pre Spanish America, after taking a course in Guadalajara with “his maestro”, as he used to refer to him, Historian Alfonso Rivas Salmón. He became one of the experts in understanding and reading the detail of the Sun Stone, sometimes called the Aztec Calendar. Dr. Orozco’s passion for transmitting knowledge made him publish his own instructional books and materials to teach hundreds of interested people about the wonders of this archeological artifact the Aztec Calendar, that Cecilio illuminated many times, “It is not a Calendar, it is the most extraordinary history book ever produced depicting the symbolic story of the people of Aztlan, Aztecs, or Nahuatls.”

Cecilio was a man of many passions including the outdoors, nature, and an avid reader of National Geographic. It was this in National Geographic that he read an article on the pictographs in southern Utah. This rock art dated hundreds of years before Europeans came to America. His detailed knowledge of the history of Native American and Pre-Columbian cultures, made him realize that they transcended what had previously been recorded.

Those ancient drawings represented the same astronomy and mathematical calculations found on the Sun Stone. With this information, Cecilio was able to show that the accepted common history knowledge that the cultures that flourished in Mexico had their origin in South America were incorrect and that the opposite was true, they came from North America most recently the Utah area. This extraordinary thesis made Dr. Orozco world famous, though his life and credentials were in the field of education. These contributions to the field of Pre-Columbian History and the migration of the Mexica upset many scholars who refuted and criticized his research. Nonetheless, his research withstood the criticism and was recognized and acknowledged with accolades in both Mexico and the US. As an example, research into the origins of hepatitis in Mexico, done at the University of Guadalajara, used Cecilio’s research about the people’s migration, and were able to trace the specific virus from the Utah area to Mexico.
It was not easy for such an active scholar to give up his teaching and writings, thus hesitantly he retired to better face his battle with Parkinson’s disease. His colleagues and the Fresno State administration conferred on him the title of Emeritus Professor, when he retired in 1998. However, he remained very active and accepted numerous invitations to Nayarit, Tamaulipas, Michoacán, Tabasco, Yucatán, Colima, Mexico City, Veracruz, and many other states in Mexico. He also received invitations to Spain, and was always hopeful that his health will allow him to accept and make those trips.

Just before his condition worsened, it was his greatest pleasure to receive numerous visitors, many of them lifelong friends, and brag about the “chilitos” he was growing in his garden, and have a meal with a shot of tequila – he called this the “cultural communion”.

Another of his favorite pleasures was to either recite or listen to recordings of the verses of Martin Fierro. It was hard to believe, but Cecilio could recite most of these long epic “gauchescos” poetry of Jose Hernandez. His favorite verses were:

Muchas cosas pierde el hombre
Que a veces las vuelve a hallar;
Pero les debo enseñar,
Y es gúeno que lo recuerden:
Si la verguenza se pierde,
Jamás se vuelve a encontrar.

Los hermanos sean unidos
Porque ésa es la ley primera
Tengan unión verdadera
En cualquier tiempo que sea,
Porque, si entre ellos pelean,
Los devoran los de ajuera.

Respeten a los ancianos:
El burlarlos no es hazaña;
Si andan entre gente estraña
Deben ser muy precavidos,
Pues por igual es tenido
Quien con malos se acompaña.

In the middle of a small sip of tequila, a taquito and those Martin Fierro’s verses, Cecilio silently made his transition and accepted graciously his defeat against Parkinson’s.

In 2011, Editorial and Leadership Press published a biography of one of the most distinguished professors, whose exquisite knowledge of Education, Anthropology, and History, as well as his innumerable translations, writings, publications, and instructional materials, made him an unmatched role model. The educational history of the San Joaquin Valley, Fresno State, Bilingualism, and Mexican Americans could not be fully understood without reviewing and acknowledging the life and influence of Cecilio Orozco.

1. THE FOLLOWING OBITUARY WAS POSTED IN THE FRESNO PAPER RECENTLY

   Dr. Cecilio Orozco, Father, Husband, Mentor, died September 6, 2012 in Fresno, California. Born October 4, 1928 in Glendale CA, was preceded in death by Mother Angela, Father Cecilio and Sister Rafaela (Lala). He is survived by 2 siblings, Lola (Rudy) and Rafaela. While married to Natalie (Miller) they had 2 children Cecil (Patty) and Ronald (Beth). Cecilio and his wife of 36 years Laura (Arguello) have 2 children Matthew Navo (Tylee) and Valente.
   
   Cecilio will be missed by his 8 grandchildren Cecil Craig (Lisa), Brian James (Abbe Rae), Xochitl (Matt), Lara (Joel), Samantha, Kennedy, Britton, and Trent, 3 step-grandchildren Sam, Joe, Mattie, and 2 great-grandchildren Lily and Owen, and many nieces, nephews and cousins.
   
   

ANNOUNCING THE DEATH OF GUSTAVO "GUS" GUTIERREZ

NATIONAL ISSUES 

Sent by Karren Pederson 

A Few Examples of Government WASTE, FRAUD, EMBEZZLEMENT   

"The good news is that the very common notion that quality will suffer if less money is spent . . .     is simply not true."

Where the money goes:

More than 18 months in the making, the report identified six major areas of waste. Adjusting for some overlap among the categories, the panel settled on an estimate of $750 billion annually:

• Unnecessary services, $210 billion

• Inefficient delivery of care, $130 billion

• Excess administrative costs, $190 billion

• Inflated prices, $105 billion

• Prevention failures, $55 billion

• Fraud, $75 billion

Examples of wasteful care include most repeat colonoscopies within 10 years of a first such test, early imaging for most back pain, and brain scans for patients who fainted but didn't have seizures.

The report makes 10 recommendations, including payment reforms to reward quality results instead of reimbursing for each procedure, improving coordination among different kinds of service providers, leveraging technology to reinforce sound clinical decisions and educating patients to become more savvy consumers.

The Associated Press 

Jaramillo and Carona

George Jaramillo, the former assistant sheriff and convicted tax-evader, has settled his wrongful termination suit for a total payout of $947,618 by the County of Orange. July 26, 2012

http://taxdollars.ocregister.com/2012/07/26/final-payout-to-convicted-former-assistant-sheriff-jaramillo-948000/159883/ 

A Few Examples of Individual WASTE, FRAUD, EMBEZZLEMENT   

http://videos2view.net/welfare-vacations.htm   

Club Treasurer accused of embezzlement
By Salvador Hernandez, The Orange County Register 

Editor:  You sure can't tell a criminal, by looking.  Here are two involved in this $10 million scam, one looks like a busy business man and the other a gray haired grandma.

ACTION ITEM

What Are National Heritage Areas, Anyway?

BUSINESS

American woman Creates Culturally Relevant Dolls and Toys for Children of Poor Guatemalan Village  By Anna-Claire Bevan

LatinaLista

Since she wanted the children to be able to relate to their gift, she embarked upon a project sewing Indigenous-style Guatemalan dolls: using ‘tela typica’ to clothe the figurines and members of a small local village, San Pedro Las Huertas, to make them.
Humber, an entrepreneur and artist, originally moved to Guatemala in 2011 for her husband’s job but confesses to having had a 20-year love affair with Guatemala: a country which she describes as wild, beautiful and full of wonderful people.

HEALTH ISSUES

The Daily Beast first reported on the finding, which has already undergone both laboratory and animal testing, and is awaiting permission for clinical trials in humans.

Desprez, a molecular biologist, spent decades studying ID-1, the gene that causes cancer to spread. Meanwhile, fellow researcher Sean McAllister was studying the effects of Cannabidiol, or CBD, a non-toxic, non-psychoactive chemical compound found in the cannabis plant. Finally, the pair collaborated, combining CBD and cells containing high levels of ID-1 in a petri dish.

"What we found was that his Cannabidiol could essentially 'turn off' the ID-1," Desprez told HuffPost. The cells stopped spreading and returned to normal.  "We likely would not have found this on our own," he added. "That's why collaboration is so essential to scientific discovery."

Desprez and McAllister first published a paper about the finding in 2007. Since then, their team has found that CBD works both in the lab and in animals. And now, they've found even more good news.

"We started by researching breast cancer," said Desprez. "But now we've found that Cannabidiol works with many kinds of aggressive cancers--brain, prostate--any kind in which these high levels of ID-1 are present."  Desprez hopes that clinical trials will begin immediately.

"We've found no toxicity in the animals we've tested, and Cannabidiol is already used in humans for a variety of other ailments," he said. Indeed, the compound is used to relieve anxiety and nausea, and, since it is non-psychoactive, does not cause the "high" associated with THC.

While marijuana advocates will surely praise the discovery, Desprez explained that it's not so easy as just lighting up. "We used injections in the animal testing and are also testing pills," he said. "But you could never get enough Cannabidiol for it to be effective just from smoking."

Furthermore, the team has started synthesizing the compound in the lab instead of using the plant in an effort to make it more potent."It's a common practice," explained Desprez. "But hopefully it will also keep us clear of any obstacles while seeking approval."

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/09/19/marijuana-and-cancer_n_1898208.html 
Sent by Luke Holtzman 

Tribute in Light shines skyward over One World Trade Center, and lower Manhattan.

AP Photo/Mark Lennihan

What an Outrage, Drug Abuse at Medicare's Expense

EDUCATION

Dear Friends,

I’m pleased to share with you the exciting news that UTEP was just ranked among the best universities in the nation by Washington Monthly magazine. As you can see, at #12 overall, we’re in fine company among America’s top colleges and universities.

This ranking adds to UTEP’s reputation for making a big difference in the lives of our students, the El Paso region and our nation. In fact, in terms of social mobility, UTEP was recognized as #1 among all U.S. universities for success in enabling students to achieve the American Dream through our affordable and high quality academic programs.

You can find more information about this important new validation of UTEP’s success at Washington Monthly. Thank you for all you do to support our efforts to enable UTEP students to achieve their highest aspirations.

Go Miners!

President Diana Natalicio

Editor: For more on President Natalicio, Click here: UT El Paso - President's Biography

Pair of Programs Push for College Preparation
mkocruz@Exchange.FULLERTON.EDU, Sept. 10, 2012

CSUF President Mildred García spoke at “Destino Universidad.” Photo: Matt Gush

Dulce Guerrero, left, tells Gloria Marroquin, right, and her son Daniel about academic programs at Cal Poly Pomona. Photo: Stephen Weissbart

Gloria Marroquin and her 14-year-old son Daniel spent Saturday morning loading up on college knowledge. Clutching campus brochures, financial aid guides and other information, the grateful mom and son were just two of about 1,000 people who converged on Cal State Fullerton Sept. 8 to take part in two events aimed at preparing underrepresented youths for admission and success in higher education.

“We are learning so many things we didn’t know about getting into college,” said Marroquin, who attended “Destino Universidad,” a bilingual college-planning event co-sponsored by the College Board. “This is just awesome. My son wants to be an aerospace engineer, and he is learning what it takes to get into a good school and pursue his dream.”

Daniel echoed his mother’s sentiments: “I’m learning I have a lot of options, and I can do it if I prepare.”

That was the point of both Destino Universidad and the 16th annual Parent and Student Educational Symposium, presented by the Council of African American Parents. At both events, representatives from parent and student support groups and from area colleges and universities provided information about academic programs, financial aid and student services. In addition, speakers talked movingly to their audiences about pursuing college degrees, even when faced with obstacles.
“
"I'm a first-generation college graduate,” CSUF President Mildred García told those gathered for 
Destino Universidad. “I started out in Brooklyn, New York. My parents worked in factories, poor, but they knew that the only inheritance that a poor family could leave you is a good education. … And, 
here I am, president of Cal State Fullerton because of a university education. So, I say to you, if a kid from Brooklyn can make it from a factory family to the presidency, what can you do?”

Civil rights attorney Constance “Connie” Rice, author of “Power Concedes Nothing: One Woman's 
Quest for Social Justice in America, from the Courtroom to the Kill Zones,” delivered the keynote address at the Parent and Student Educational Symposium.

“Let’s be clear,” said Rice, a Harvard Law School graduate. “It’s not enough to just get out of high school and get into college. You have to go the extra mile. You have to get a culture of overachievement, become super achievers. It has to be ingrained. I want you to focus on mastering what’s in front of you.”

She said that she and her cousin, Condoleezza Rice, former U.S. secretary of state, come from slavery.

“The Rice slaves in my family worked in the slave-owner’s home, so they were taught to read,” Rice said. “When my ancestors came off the Rice plantation, they knew how to read. I am fourth-generation college educated. Condoleezza and I should be at the top of our game. A lot of folks came from slavery. They’d have been beaten if they opened a book, but we had a jump start. I should be excelling, and we have an obligation to do as much as we can to pull everybody forward with us. Know your history and push yourself.”

Many of the youngsters in attendance at both college-planning events will be the first in their families to attend college, and the information they received Saturday will help them navigate their way to a college degree.

Besides college planning, speakers also explained the challenges involved in creating a path to citizenship for young undocumented immigrants who are college students and military service members. They talked about AB 540, the California law that allows undocumented and out-of-state students to be exempt from paying non-resident tuition at public colleges and universities; and President Barack Obama’s “Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals,” a program allowing some young undocumented immigrants to remain in the U.S. and work legally for two years.

Immigration attorney and CNN radio host Rosa Elena Sahagun provided a step-by-step session in Spanish and English on the application forms that are available at www.uscis.gov and the eligibility requirements for the deferred action program.

“Education is the most important goal,” Berenecea Y. Johnson Eanes, CSUF vice president for student affairs, said about both events. “We are dedicated to serving the community and opening our doors so that students will choose higher education.”

Added Eddie Arteaga, College Board senior educational manager: “For every 100 students in the United States who start the first grade, fewer than 30 graduate from high school and even fewer graduate from college.”

“That is a very scary statistic,” he said. “That’s why the College Board's Destino Universidad program provides resources. We know a college education is not easy, and it’s not cheap.”

Arteaga left a room full of students with several suggestions: “I want you to really invest in your future. Think about what you want to do the rest of your life. Preparation is key. You have college, career and funding options available to you. College is possible.”

By: Mimi Ko Cruz, 657-278-7586
mkocruz@Exchange.FULLERTON.EDU
http://news.fullerton.edu/2012fa/college-prep.asp
http://www.flickr.com/photos/csufnewsphotos/sets/72157631501428968/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/csufnewsphotos/7973325892/in/set-72157631501428968 

His first edition, published in 1991 (awarded an "Outstanding Academic Book of the Year" by Choice), is considered by many scholars to be the foundational text in Mexican American education. Chicano School Failure and Success has introduced thousands of students and scores of scholars over the years to the growing and dynamic field of Mexican American education. The third edition will continue this mission. Released in December of 2011, the third edition is already being adopted as a class text by a number of professors across the country. The AESA Critics Choice Book Award Committee lauds Chicano School Failure and Success (3rd ed.) as "an outstanding contribution in the Social Foundations of Education field." This award is Dr. Valencia's second consecutive AESA Critics Choice Book Award and his fourth prestigious book award in the last two years. Included is the American Educational Research Association 2011 Outstanding Book Award for Dismantling Contemporary Deficit Thinking: Educational Thought and Practice, deemed by many to be the top national book award for authors of education-related publications.

University of Texas at Austin

Richard R. Valencia is Professor of Educational Psychology and Faculty Associate of the Center for Mexican American Studies at The University of Texas at Austin. He is also Fellow in the Lee Hage Jamail Regents Chair in Education. Dr. Valencia’s area of scholarly specialization is racial/ethnic minority education, with a particular focus on Mexican Americans (educational history; testing/assessment issues; social thought; demographic trends; educational litigation; intellectual/academic test performance; educational policy). Dr. Valencia’s honors include the 2001 Distinguished Career Contribution Award, awarded by the American Educational Research Association, and the 2001 Distinguished Faculty Award from the Texas Association of Chicanos in Higher Education. During his career, Dr. Valencia has served as an expert witness for plaintiffs of color in a number of education lawsuits, most recently in the 2006 federal-level Santamaria v. Dallas Independent School District segregation case in which the plaintiffs prevailed.

E-mail Richard R. Valencia at: richard.valencia@mail.utexas.edu

About Green Dot Public Schools

Green Dot Public Schools is the one the largest Charter Management Organizations in Southern California, operating 18 public charter schools - 14 public high schools and 4 middle schools - in Los Angeles' highest-need communities.  

Green Dot's teachers and classified staff are members of Asociación de Maestros Unidos and Ánimo Classified Employees Association, local affiliates of the California Teachers Association, giving these teachers and staff the respect and flexibility to do their best work for students.  These schools are publicly funded and free to attend. For more information visit: www.greendot.org  

CULTURE

HAWAII HISPANIC NEWS

Editor:  Sorry, I could not capture these two articles in a readable size.  However, do click, read and enjoy the accomplishments of Stevina (Chan) Kiyabu and Bobby Gonzalez.   

Stevina is the product of a Hong Kong Chinese father and a Columbian mother.  Raised in Puerto Rico, Stevina followed her interest in the culinary arts, eventually opening the Coquito's Latin Cuisine restaurant in Hawaii.

Bobby was born in Manhattan, but raised in the Bronx.  His parents migrated to New York from Puerto Rico. His family celebrated their Latino/Puerto Rican/Taino heritage. We have celebrated Bobby's activism as a multicultural motivational speaker and grassroots community philosopher in many previous issues.  

Pasodoble Islas Canarias (Los Sabedenos) Youtube . . .

The National Folklore Archives Initiative http://www.afsnet.org/default.asp?page=NFAI  (NFAI) is a project of the American Folklore Society http://www.afsnet.org  being carried out with funding support from the National Endowment for the Humanities http://www.neh.gov / 

As part of the NFAI project, an online survey was taken to identify archival collections pertaining to folklore and folklife--especially primary source materials reflecting people and organizations that practice, document, study or present folk culture and traditional arts.  For questions regarding the survey please contact Steve Green, Archivist at the Western Folklife Center, sgreen@westernfolklife.org 

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZnFtLjQ_rr8&feature=related 

Folías. Olga Cerpa y Mestisay, Luis Morera, Totoyo Millares y Jose Manuel Ramos
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DMcSsaI5xpI&feature=related 

Enjoy. Bill Carmena JCarm1724@aol.com

LITERATURE

The 2012 Recovering the U.S. Hispanic Literary Heritage Conference
Entering a new chapter after turning the page by Ron Gonzales
Teofilo Ruiz: A Beautiful Mind by Robin Keats  
No habla Espanol, The new Latino Media universe is young, political, and all-American
     by Ruth Samuelson
Somos en escrito Magazine

Recovering the past, creating the future 
The 2012 Recovering the U.S. Hispanic Literary Heritage Conference: 
Literatures of Dissent/Cultures of Resistance, 
October 19-20, 2012 in Houston, Texas

Entering a new chapter after turning the page
by Ron Gonzales 

     Teofilo Ruiz wastes no time grabbing his students' rapt attention. The acclaimed UCLA historian has been known.to enter a medieval history class on the first day, sign his name on the board as "Stephen Dedaius" and initiate a lecture on James Joyce's Ulysses.

     WHEN THE STUDENTS tell him that it is a history class, he gathers his things and leaves. And returns shortly afterwards. That, needless to say, gets their attention,

     But memorable class openers are far from the only way Ruiz gets his young charges to attend to his words. The Cuban-born scholar is hailed for his teaching style, his warmth, his scholarship, his books, his personal history - and the passion that is evident in everything he undertakes.

     In February, the internationally recognized historian traveled to Washington, D.C., to be awarded the National Humanities Medal from President Barack Obama at a White House ceremony. The prestigious annual award honors individuals or groups whose work has deepened the nation's understanding of the humanities, broadened the en gagement of American citizens with the humanities, or helped preserve and expam access to important resources in the humanities. Previous medallists have included Nobel Prize-winning author Toni Morrison, novelist John Updike, Nobel Peace Prize laureate and author Elie Wiesel, and filmmaker Steven Spielberg.

     According to a White House announcement, Ruiz's "erudite studies have deepened our understanding of medieval Spain and Europe, while his late exami nation of how society has coped with terror has taught important lessons about, the dark side of Western progress." Princeton University Press published Ruiz's new book, The Terror of History: On the Uncertainties of Life in West­ern Civilization, last year.

The National Humanities Medal is only the latest in a series of honors that highlight Ruiz's career. He's been chosen as "Outstanding Master's Universities and Colleges Professor of the Year" by the Carnegie Foundation; been given the American Historical Associa­tion Biennial Award for the best book on Spanish history; was the 250th Anniversary Visiting Professor for Distinguished Teaching at Princeton; been honored by the Institute for Advanced Study; received an NEH Fellowship; and was a Guggenheim Fellow. Articles and books (published in America and Europe) — including his latest, A King Travels: Festive Traditions in Late Medieval and Early Modern Spain — flow from his pen.

Bullets and Books

Born into a middle-class family, Ruiz grew up in Cuba in an environ­ment that fostered learning. Seven of his aunts were teachers. His father, an attorney, had a library that was a transfer point where Alexandre Dumas, Victor Hugo and Sir Walter Scott entered his life. Across the street from his boyhood home was the Hemingway Farm that had an outdoor stone table at which he would sit and read.

At 17, Ruiz joined the fight against the regime of Fulgencio Batista. "I was swept by the Revolution," he says. "It had a tremendous impact on my life and my point of view, and it still does."

But when a friend was killed in 1960, Ruiz became disaffected in the swirl of revolutionary events. He walked away from the revolution — and in April 1961 was arrested and thrown in jail. Ruiz was eventu­ally released after.the failed Bay of Pigs invasion that same month. In October of 1961, he immigrated to Miami and then moved to New York City, where he attended City College of New York (now City University of New York, or CUNY) and supported himself by driving a cab and working at Continental Can Company.

In 1974, Ruiz received his Ph.D. from Princeton University. He taught at Brooklyn College, Princeton, the CUNY Graduate Center, the University of Michigan, and France's prestigious Eco/e des hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences). In 1998, Ruiz joined the faculty at UCLA.

A Native Son Returns

It has taken a half-century for Ruiz to return to the land of his birth. He traveled to Cuba on a UCLA Alumni Association excursion this past winter. "I had two sets of memories, [of] what was and [of] what is," he says of the trip. "Walking through my hometown [just outside of Havana] was depressing. And it was also exhilarating."

In an account of this odyssey written for friends, Ruiz says, "I could not or would not return in the early years because of threats to my freedom. Then, the restrictions imposed by the Cuban government on those Cubans wishing to visit the island kept me away. Finally, already old, I continuously reminded myself of how much I needed — for a whole series of complex issues — to take this sojourn. Yet, always at the very last moment, some other voyage beckoned, and I kept postponing and/or delaying the trip ... If I resisted my return, it was be­cause I fully understood and feared the psychological impact of such re-encounter with my lost youth, of the probable erasure that may occur of my carefully nurtured memories of my early life, of places, people, and events."

Such an erasure did not occur. His boyhood home seemed much smaller to him now, as it does for all those who go home again. Still, Ruiz came to terms with his personal history.

"I had not cried at the sight of my hometown's ruins," he writes. "I, who do not cry for the dead, cried at the shimmering beauty of the place that had once been my home and was, finally, home again."

History Through a Poet's Eyes

Teo Ruiz also speaks of another, more abstract but just as unique geography — the place where poetry and history converge. "Keats, Byron and Shelley wrote in a time of incredible upheaval," the scholar explains. "The poet's work is always linked to historical context."

Poetry is integral to the context of his perspectives on history and beliefs (and lack of belief). He quotes Baudelaire and Rimbaud and enjoys the playfulness of language that's at the core of e.e. cummings' work. His thoughts mix and merge with those of Yeats, Browning and Dylan Thomas, as well as lesser-known poets like James Thomson.

Raised as a Catholic, he became an atheist. Raised middle class, he became egalitarian. He is a pessimist whose outlook is betrayed by exuberance. Looking back at his youth, for example, Ruiz sees passion that may have been na'i've, but which came to be informed and persis­tent. "I was very political when I was 18 or 19, in the first year of the Cuban Revolution," he recalls. "I was absolutely convinced that I could change the world. Now, as I know, the world has changed me. But I never gave up that idea. I have a combative attitude."

That attitude is apparent in his opinion of the world. "There is no monument of civilization that is not a monument of barbarism," he says, in a self-conscious quotation of the left-wing thinker Walter Benjamin. And, again, there is no contradiction or contraindications in his thoughts. It is just Teo Ruiz looking at life through both sides of a well-honed lens and reporting as accurately as he can.

"The things that are beautiful, that move us and change us are also essentially painful," he says. "The capturing of that moment in time in which you can see into the heart... that is beautiful and painful. What­ever is beautiful, we grasp for the moment — like the sunset. It is that instant we comprehend and then it withdraws and we are left bereft."

Ruiz loves the warm sun and the sunsets of L.A. and the way it graces his embrace of life and learning. The man who adores Bach, who calls his weathered cell phone "Jurassic," who has read Harry Pot­ter and has been captivated by the intrigues of Masterpiece Theatre has much history to examine, much to write and so many still yet to teach to even consider attempting to set a slower pace.

"The art of writing is an act of prolonging our lives," Ruiz says. "So is the art of teaching. We remember our writers, our teachers. As long as you remember me, as I always tell my students, I am alive."

Feature — September / October 2012

No habla Español

The new Latino media universe is young, political, and all-American

By Ruth Samuelson

He was ahead of his time. Pocho is popping up everywhere these days, from Twitter handles to bands and performers. Not surprisingly, a new crop of news websites has emerged to tap the bicultural Latino market, too. Fox News Latino, HuffPost LatinoVoices, and the start-up NewsTaco all were born between mid-2010 and 2011, to cite some of the more prominent entries. This summer, NBC Latino launched an English-language website, and Univision, which had created a news Tumblr to generate buzz for its own new English-language site, says it plans to go live by the end of the summer. Alcaraz shuttered his magazine in the late 1990s, and his website petered out around 2004. But he kept the domain name, and earlier this year he re-launched pocho.com, now called Pocho: Ñews y Satire. “It’s sad that it took everybody so long,” he says.

* * *

It’s no secret why there’s a boom in these websites. The US Latino community now exceeds 50 million—16.3 percent of the population—and accounted for more than half the country’s growth between 2000 and 2010, according to Pew Hispanic Center’s census analysis. “That certainly was a moment that converted a lot of people,” says Miguel Ferrer, editor of HuffPost LatinoVoices about the census.

More important, native-born Hispanics outnumber their foreign-born counterparts roughly 32 million to 19 million. They also are younger (the median age is 18), more likely to own a cellphone, and more comfortable with and immersed in the digital media culture than foreign-born Latinos. In short, they are squarely in the sweet spot for marketers and the media. Carlos Pelay, president of the Charlotte-based Media Economics Group, said in an email that younger Latinos tend to be more educated and affluent, and their purchasing habits are more influential on the broader culture than those of older generations.

The census numbers also highlight Hispanics’ importance in the 2012 election. In the last presidential election, Hispanics favored the Democratic ticket over the Republican one “by a margin of more than two-to-one,” according to Pew. But that hasn’t dissuaded presumed Republican nominee Mitt Romney from courting Latinos. He’s targeted them with Spanish-language advertisements, a Spanish-language website, and an outreach team, Juntos Con Romney.

That newfound political power certainly struck the late Carlos Guerra, a former columnist for the San Antonio Express-News who’d been a youth leader in the Chicano civil rights movement. He co-founded NewsTaco in 2010 (he died later that year).

“Carlos came from a time and place where Latinos were disenfranchised,” says Sara Inés Calderón, another co-founder and former editor of the site. “He was really excited about what [the election] would mean for Latino empowerment, Latino media, and Latinos having a voice.”

Today, campaign news looks similar across the sites. Yes, HuffPost LatinoVoices has HuffPost’s usual channel of opinion writers—some prominent, some not. And NBC Latino builds its brand by sending its commentators onto MSNBC, and those clips are then featured on the site. But in general, the approaches vary minimally—they all track the candidates’ views on the DREAM Act, Arizona SB-1070, and the Hispanic vote.

While the readership and influence of these sites is growing, Univision, which in 2007 hosted the country’s first Spanish-language presidential debate with the Democratic primary candidates, is still the biggest name in Latino political coverage. Univision has the fifth-largest primetime audience in the country, occasionally besting the other major networks in ratings, according to data from Pew Research Center’s Project for Excellence in Journalism.

But even this powerhouse realizes its audience is evolving, as evidenced by its new English-language website and plans to launch an English-language channel with ABC News by 2013.

* * *

To some, the entire concept of “Latino news in English” is misguided. When journalism professor Moses Shumow showed HuffPost LatinoVoices to his students, they weren’t sure “why the site was going to be entirely relevant to them,” he says. Shumow teaches at Florida International University, and roughly 70 percent of his students are Hispanic—not terribly surprising for a Miami-based institution. In that majority-minority city, people don’t favor broad labels. “There are huge Puerto Rican festivals, huge Dominican festivals,” he says. “There are gigantic Cuban celebrations. There are tremendous Colombian and Peruvian activities that take place.”

You don’t hear about “Latino festivals,” he says. Nevertheless he adds: “I definitely think it’s still a relevant term in other parts of the country.”

That’s debatable.

On NBC Latino, syndicated columnist Esther Cepeda declared, “‘Latino’ bugs me to no end. It’s like nails on a chalkboard to me, especially when I’ve been asked where I’m from and the answer ‘Chicago’ doesn’t stop the questioner from insisting on guessing my ethnicity.”

She was discussing the Pew Hispanic Center’s report “When Labels Don’t Fit: Hispanics and Their Views of Identity,” which found that only 24 percent of survey respondents “prefer a pan-ethnic label.”

Cepeda and Shumow’s complaint raises a question that is becoming more relevant with America’s young, English-speaking Hispanics: What is “Latino news,” anyway?

Lalo Alcaraz says the threshold for relevance seems low among the new Latino sites. “They’ll run a story about some woman that, whatever, beheads her baby or husband or something,” he says. “And they’ll just run it because the person’s Latino. That’s not what the Internet’s for, if you’re trying to talk about Latino life.”

Here, for example, is a representative headline from HuffPost LatinoVoices: “Brazil Cannibal Empanadas: Brazilian Women Murdered, Eaten And Made Into Human Pastries.” Fox News Latino also ran a story on the flesh-eating incident.

That’s another thing: There tends to be a lot of redundancy among the sites. Not only do they cover the same topics, they’ll often use the same AP stories. Sometimes, that’s unavoidable, says Chris Peña, executive editor of NBC Latino. “There are going to be some parallel rails here, especially when it comes to news and politics,” he says, pointing as an example to the reporting earlier this year on Florida Senator Marco Rubio’s vice-presidential prospects.

Nevertheless, stories on food, education, and parenting will stand out, Peña says. NBC Latino also unearths “firsts,” like Carmen Ortiz, “the very first Hispanic—and woman—to be named Massachusetts chief federal prosecutor,” he says. “Frankly, if we’re not finding those stories, who’s going to find them?”

In fact, though, Fox News Latino has a similar feature, “Our American Dream,” which profiles inspiring Latinos. (The network declined my interview request.)

Another issue: The sites often “fall under clichés,” says Univision social-media editor Conz Preti. “They just upload a video of Sofia Vergara on Saturday Night Live,” she says. “Of course, that made news, and there’s a lot of ratings. But what else? It’s not just throwing names out there or targeting entertainment only.”

Overall, she’s glad there’s more Latino news. “But we do feel that we know our audience better,” she says.

The skepticism isn’t limited to competitors like Preti. The business community also is unconvinced that English-speaking Latinos are a true market niche, says Rosa Alonso, a marketing consultant who’s studied this group, and who used to run an English-language site of her own, MyLatinoVoice.com, which has been on hiatus since late last year. Businesses know how to target Spanish-speakers, but bicultural Latinos are often considered part of “a general market pool,” she says. “Well, that’s ridiculous. African-Americans speak English. There’s this cultural element—that’s what you’re trying to get to.”

These criticisms in part reflect the fact that the new English-language sites are young and still trying to differentiate themselves, win a larger share of the audience, and pay the bills. As of June, comScore was only monitoring Fox News Latino and HuffPost LatinoVoices, so reliable, comprehensive numbers on traffic are hard to get. Between April and June, LatinoVoices drew 1.8 million unique visitors a month on average, while Fox News Latino attracted just over 2 million.

NBC Latino hopes to gain a competitive advantage, in part by creating a “superior mobile experience,” says editor Peña. Compared to non-Hispanic whites, Latinos are more likely to use the Internet via their phones than at home, says the Pew Hispanic Center.

To compete with Fox News and companies with “all the resources in the world,” NewsTaco editor Victor Landa says his site offers stories ignored by the mainstream media—pieces by food bloggers, activists, political consultants, and other professionals, not just journalists. He also partnered with VOXXI, another English-language site aimed at Latinos, and says he hopes to form relationships with nonprofits and other publications.

In May, AOL Latino became HuffPost Voces, a Spanish-language sister site to HuffPost LatinoVoices. The two operations will increasingly link to each other, regardless of whether the pieces are in Spanish or English. “Let those who can slip between the two languages do so,” says editor Ferrer, who oversees both sites. “Let those who only want to stick to one language have that ability.”

As for Lalo Alcaraz, he has big plans for pocho.com, too. He’d like to produce original videos, collaborate with a “major site and/or TV network,” and farm out his writers as on-air pundits. He’s already started contributing video and written commentaries to NBC Latino.

The audience will broaden beyond Latinos, Alcaraz believes. Case in point: In addition to an Argentinian and half a dozen Chicano and Chicana contributors, his staff includes a Jewish guy and the “whitest white dude I think I ever met,” he says.

As the media have finally evolved, so have the readers. “It just goes to show,” Alcaraz says, “that the English-language Latino thing is becoming a pop-culture thing.”

Sent by Roberto Calderon, Ph.D.  beto@unt.edu

BOOKS

Hello, my friends: 

I want to share some newsworthy highlights. 

My first solo show in Mexico was amazing! My hosts and those in attendance made it one of the most pleasant experiences to date. I was interviewed by two newspapers and a local TV crew. You can see some images on my Flickr account.

My art book "La Junta/ The Gathering" is now available on Amazon. It is written in Spanish and English and contains mostly my artwork with various works from a selection executed during the last twelve years. These are works in my show in Mexico and at Coagula Curatorial here in LA. I hope you enjoy it. 

I received confirmation that I am a finalist for the LA Metro Expo Line! It was very competitive and I am told that I am in good company. I will have to kick some serious butt in the proposal in order to be awarded my own train station!


abel@alejandre.org 

The Sandoval Sisters’ Secret of Old Blood  by Sandra Ramos O’Briant 

When Alma flees with her young lover to Texas to escape an arranged marriage with a much older man, she sets in motion a drama that will put the sisters and their legacy at risk. Pilar, a 14-year-old tomboy, is offered as a replacement bride, and what follows is a sensuous courtship and marriage clouded by the curses of her husband’s former lover, Consuelo. She will stop at nothing, even the use of black magic, in her effort to destroy the Sandoval family. The Mexican-American war begins and the Americans invade Santa Fe. The sisters survive the hostilities from two important fronts-New Mexico and Texas. Their money and ancient knowledge offer some protection, but their lives are changed forever. "This story of love, mysticism and betrayal tests the ultimate boundaries of sisterhood. I loved this brave, lushly written tale of life in old Santa Fe." Jill Smolinski, author of Objects of My Affection and The Next Thing on My List.

Sandra Ramos O’Briant grew up in Santa Fe and spent summers in Texas. Her short stories and creative nonfiction have appeared in numerous journals and anthologies. A complete list is here. Readings are scheduled for Latino Heritage month at the Autry, at Vromans, and at the Latino Book and Family Festival.   For a complete list of her work, go to www.thesandovalsisters.com .

Product Details: · Paperback: 272 pages 
· Publisher: La Gente Press (August 28, 2012)  · Language: English 
· ISBN-10: 0615615104   · ISBN-13: 978-0615615103 
· Product Dimensions: 9 x 6 x 0.7 inches 

Ringside Seat To a Revolution: 
An Underground Cultural History of El Paso and Juarez: 1893-1923 by David Dorado Romo

History Often Trails But It Corrects Itself  
by Rodolfo F. Acuña, 29 August 2012

Edited by Santino J. Rivera

This collection reflects both a dynamic and cohesive portrait of modern Xican@ literature - which is American literature. These are the stories for a new generation of revolutionaries. This groundbreaking anthology includes works by Francisco X. Alarcón, Gustavo Arellano, Lalo Alcaraz, Luis Alberto Urrea, Rodolfo Acuña as well as works from many new voices culled from the woodsheds of Neo Aztlán. ¡Ban This! The BSP Anthology of Xican@ Literature is a weapon of mass education. These are our stories and they deserve to be heard. This book is a tightly-packed tome of literary rebellion just waiting to be unleashed.   Show More

 Politics and the History Curriculum; 
The Struggle over Standards in Texas and the Nation
Edited by Keith Erekson

Josefina Zoraida Vázquez 

Latino soldiers
 Cebu, Phillipines, WW II

USA LATINO PATRIOTS

Tony "The Marine" Santiago

Nmb2418@aol.com

http://www.latinoalliance.net/
champions-of-character.html

Resources:  http://www.army.mil/contact 
To request information, http://www.army.mil/faq   help@us.army.mil or by phone: 1-866-335-2769

http://www.youtube.com/watch_popup?v=RZ7968BbMnU&vq=medium  
Video on Benavides, Medal of Honor Recipient 

EARLY LATINO AMERICAN PATRIOTS

South Coast SAR charts traffic on Granville Hough's Research

"In the month of July we had 757 distinct visitors to the site with 1056 different visits, so the average was 1.36 visits per visitor. They looked at 1762 pages (1.66 pages per visit). The 4th of July was our busiest day – 103 visits. The other days in July had about 20 to 40 visits per day. The most popular single topic was the Spanish soldiers in the Revolution and the recovery of John Paul Jones’ body. Many copies of Granville Hough’s Borderland Studies books were downloaded. So it was a busy month for the site!"

In addition, be sure and explore the whole website.  Lots of information and support for those wanting to claim their Sons of the American Revolution identity through their Spanish soldier ancestors.  For more information, please contact Jim Churchyard.

Jim Churchyard
1694 Santa Margarita Dr.
Fallbrook, CA 92028-1639
760.731-7280
jim.churchyard@att.net 

The Battle of Galveston or the Second Battle of Galveston

Yo Solo, Bernardo de Gálvez on stage of the American Revolution

Spanish SURNAMES

San Diego, California, July 2012
Contributors to research, Harry Crosby,  Joaquin Gracida, and Carole Salazar 
Please contact Joaquin for more information, jcg2002@k-online.com

The endnotes are embedded so that it is easy to see the source. To save space and make reading easier, I have used “Guia Familiar” rather than the complete citation: Pablo L. Martínez, Guía Familiar de Baja California, 1700-1900
(Mexico, D.F.: Editorial Baja California, 1965). Many of the references to Guía Familiar are left in Spanish. The

Descendants of George Smith

Page 4 

Page 5 

Page 7

Page 9 

Page 10 

Page 11 

Descendants of George Smith

1. GEORGE SMITH (Source: Antonio Smith document, 16 May 1903.) was born in NY (Source: Antonio Smith document, 16 May 1903.). He married ANN MARY MOTT (Source: Antonio Smith document, 16 May 1903.). She was born in NY.

There are quite a few Motts and Smiths from the Hempstead area of Long Island. It is very likely that Thomas's parents were from there originally.

Several trees cite his arrival in Philadelphia in 1753 using the source COLDHAM, PETER WILSON. Emigrants from England to the American Colonies, 1773-1776. Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 1988. 182p. (Ancestry.com). If Thomas was born in PA, he would not have been an immigrant from England.

Child of GEORGE SMITH and ANN MOTT is: 2. I. THOMAS2 SMITH, b. 1781, New York, New York; d. Aft. 1850.

2. THOMAS2 SMITH (GEORGE1) was born 1781 in New York, New York (Source: Provincias Internas, #206.), and died Aft. 1850. He married MARIA MEZA (Source: San Ignacio Baptisms, #3212.), daughter of JOSE MEZA and MARIA VALESQUEZ. She was born Abt. 1792 in San José de Comondú or Loreto (Source: Antonio Smith document, 16 May 1903,

3. JUAN3 SMITH (THOMAS2, GEORGE1) was born 1810 (Source: 1850 US census.), and died Aft. 1875 (Source: FamilySearch.org, Comondu, Nacimientos 1862-1933 [image 30]:, Juan Angelo, son of Marcelino Smith, grandson of Juan Smith and deceased Tomasa Arce, born 2_ Feb 1875.). He married TOMASA ARCE. She was born (Source: Antonio Smith document, 16 May 1903.), and died Bef. 1875 (Source: Comondu Civil Registration, Nacimientos 1862-1933 [FamilySearch.org], Described as deceased on 1875 civil registration for grandson Juan Angelo Smith.).

I. MARIA LORETO SMITH (Source: 4 "Baja California Smiths" chart by Joaquin Gracida.), b. Abt. 1830, L Cal 
(Source: 1850 US census, Age in 1850: 20.).

ii. LORETO SMITH (Source: "Baja California Smiths" chart by Joaquin Gracida.), b. Abt. 1832, Calif 
(Source: 1850 US census, Age in 1850: 18.).

Notes for LORETO SMITH: 
In the 1900 census, Loreto, unmarried, is living with his brother, Marcellino. He immigrated in 1892 and is blind. 

iii. MARCELINO SMITH, b. June 01, 1836, Mexico (Source: (1) Calvary Cemetery, San Diego, database http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~clement/Calvary/home.htm , Also 1860 census, Poway, CA., (2) 1850 US census, Age 15.); d. June 10, 1913, San Diego, CA (Source: Calvary Cemetery, San Diego, database http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~clement/Calvary/home.htm ; m. (1) GERTRUDIS ROMERO 
(Source: Guía Familiar, p. 710.) (Source: Guía Familiar, p. 710.); b. November 16, 1834, Mexico (Source: Calvary Cemetery, San Diego, database http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~clement/Calvary/home.htm  ; d. May 09, 1918, San Diego, CA  (Source: Calvary Cemetery, San Diego, database
http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~clement/Calvary/home.htm .); m. (2) RAMONA PERALTA (Source: Guía Familiar, p 760.); b. Comundú.

Page 20 

iv. PETER SMITH (Source: "Baja California Smiths" chart by Joaquin Gracida.), b. Abt. 1836, Calif (Source: 1850 US census, Age in 1850: 14.).

4. MANUEL/EMANUEL SMITH (THOMAS 3 2, GEORGE1) (Source: "Baja California Smiths" chart by Joaquin Gracida.) wasborn Abt. 1814 in L Cal (Source: 1850 US census, Age in 1850: 36.). He married DOLORES GONZALEZ (Source: (1) "BajaCalifornia Smiths" chart by Joaquin Gracida., (2) 1850 US census.). She was born Abt. 1819 in L Cal (Source: 1850 US census,Age in 1850: 31.).

Notes for MANUEL/EMANUEL SMITH:
From the ages of the children and their birthplaces, it appears that Manuel and family were evacuated from Baja in 1848 with the
rest of the family. However, he does not appear on the list of claimants.
Joseph (Jose Maria), Juan and Emanuel are all living adjacent to each other in the 1850 census. In the 1852 he is living between
Jose M Smith and Juan Baptista Smith (age 28), so he certainly appears to belong in this family.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

1850 census, Monterey, Monterey, CA
Emanuel Smith, 36, b L Cal
Dolores Smith, 31, b L Cal
Peter Smith, 12, b L Cal
George Smith, 10, b L Cal
Rosa Smith, 6, b L Cal
Cleofa Smith, 4, b L Cal
Salama Smith, b Calif.

1852 census, Monterey, Monterey, CA, p 10
Manuel Smith, 35, b L Calif, Ranchero
Dolores Smith, 33, b L Calif
Pedro Smith, 14, b L Calif
George Smith, 12, b L Calif
Rosa Smith, 8, b L Calif
Chofa Smith, 6 (f), b L Calif
Salima Smith, 4 (f), b Calif
Nicolas Smith, 1, b Calif

1870 Alisal, CA
Manuel Smith 54, farmer, b L Cal
Dolores Gonzalez Smith 50, b L Cal
Pedro Smith 32, b L Cal
George Smith 30, b L Cal
Nicolas Smith 17, b Cal
Gavino Smith 14, b Cal
Dolores Smith 11, b Cal
Claudio Smith 8, b Cal
Nicolas Lopes 31, labourer, b Calif
Maria Smith Lopes 16, Keeping house, b Calif.
Jose Bonefacio 10, b Calif

I. PETER SMITH (Source: 4 "Baja California Smiths" chart by Joaquin Gracida.), b. Abt. 1838, L Cal (Source: 1850

1910, census, Soledad, CA 
Pedro Smith 69, head, single, b CA, parents b CA, farm laborer
George Smith 67, boarder, divorced, b CA, parents b CA, farm laborer
ii. GEORGE SMITH, b. Abt. 1840, L Cal (Source: "Baja California Smiths" chart by Joaquin Gracida, Age in 1850: 10.);
m. THERESA (Source: 1880 US census.); b. Abt. 1850, Calif.

1880, Monterey Twp, Monterey, CA
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

iii. ROSA SMITH, b. Abt. 1844, L Cal (Source: 1850 US census, Age in 1850: 4.).  iv. MARIA CLEOFAS SMITH (Source: "Baja California Smiths" chart by Joaquin Gracida, Age in 1850: 4.), b. August 24, 1846, L Cal (Source: Norman, Deborah, "Register Report for Emanuel Smith", 15 Feb 2012, Family records of Michele Stephenson.); d. January 05, 1911, Hollister, San Benito, CA (Source: Norman, Deborah, "Register Report for Emanuel Smith", 15 Feb 2012.); m. MATIAS VARGAS (Source: Norman, Deborah, "Register Report for Emanuel Smith", 15 Feb 2012.); b. February 1834 (Source: 1900 US census, Hollister, San Benito, CA.); d. January 29, 1901, Hollister, San Benito, CA (Source: Norman, Deborah, "Register Report for Emanuel Smith", 15 Feb 2012, Death announcement, Hollister Free Lance, 1 Feb 1901.).

In 1860, Cleofas has not been found in the census. Matias, age 26, is living in a household headed by Guadalupe Jimano with 8 other Vargas children. If Marcos was her child, she would have been only 15 or 16 when he wasborn.

1870 census, Monterey, Monterey, CA 
Mateo Vargas 36, shoemaker, b Mexico
Cliafos smith Vargas 26, b Lower Cal 
Marcos Vargas 11 all children b Calif
Manuel Vargas 9
Matilda Vargas 8
Cleopolda Vargas 2
Elena Vargas 1

1880 census, San Benito, CA, all children sons and daughters 
Matens Vargas 44, shoemaker, b CA, parents b Mexico
Cleophas Vargas 35, b Lower Cal, fa b Mexico, mo b Lower Cal 
Leopold Vargas 12, All children b Cal, fa b CA, mo b Lower Cal 
Ellen Vargas 11
Julia Vargas 9
Sasardis Vargas 8
Guadalupa Vargas 6
Joseph Vargas 4
Frank Vargas 3
Rebecka Vargas 1
Manuel Vargas 19

1900 census, Hollister, San Benito, CA
Cleophas Vargas 54, b Aug 1846, Md, md 39 yrs, mother of 14, 11 living, b Mexico, parents b Mexico, imm 1847
Rebecca Vargas 19, dau, b Sep 1880, b CA, parents b Mexico
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

Josie Vargas 12, dau, b Apr 1888, b CA, parents b Mexico

In 1900, her husband was in the San Benito County Hospital in Hollister. 
1910, Hollister, San Benito, CA

Cleofas Vargas 62, widow, mo 17, 14 living, b Mexico, fa b ?, mo b Mexico, imm 1846
Manuel Vargas 49, son, widowed, b CA, parents b Mex 
Antone Vargas 25, son, 1 marriage, md 2 yrs, b Ca, parents b Mexico
Matias Vargas 26, son, b CA, parents b Mexico
Annie Vargas 21, daughter-in-law [wife of Antone), b CA, parents b CA, mo of 1, 0 living
Amelia Welch 15, granddaughter, b CA, parents b CA

Burial: January 09, 1911, Calvary Cem, Hollister, San Benito, CA (Source: Norman, Deborah, "Register Report for Emanuel Smith", 15 Feb 2012, San Benito County Register of Deaths, Book 2T, San Benito County Superior Courthouse, Hollister, CA.) v. SALOME SMITH (Source: (1) "Baja California Smiths" chart by Joaquin Gracida., (2) Early California Population Project (missions.huntington.org).), b. December 1848, Calif (Source: 1850 US census, Age in 1850: 1.).

1880 census, Monterey, CA 
Peter Smith 40, b CA, parents b CA
Nicholas Smith 25, b CA, parents b CA, brother

The mother may have died before 1900. Only two children have been found in the 1900 census:
1900 San Jose, San Luis Obispo, CA
Sebula Lazeano 66, head, b May 1834, widow, b Mexico, parents b Mexico
Bernardo Lazeano 79, brother-in-law, b Aug 1820, single, b Mexico, parents b Mexico
Angelina Smith 16, servant, b May 1884, b CA, fa b Mex, mo b CA
Virginia Smith 14, servant, b May 1886, b CA, fa b Mexico, mo b CA

Burial: December 15, 1934, Union Cem, Brentwood, Contra Costa, CA
vii. MARIA SMITH (Source: (1) Norman, Deborah, "Register Report for Emanuel Smith", 15 Feb 2012., (2) Norman, Deborah, "Register Report for Maria Smith", 27 Feb 2012, (Based on information from Bev Davide), based on information from Bev Davide.), b. Abt. 1854; m. JOSE NICOLAS GEORGE LOPEZ, October 26, 1869, Monterey, CA (Source: Norman, Deborah, "Register Report for Maria Smith", 27 Feb 2012, (Based on information from Bev Davide), Our Lady of Refuge Marriages 1869-1931, p 4, #4. Mary Smith, daughter of Manuel Smith and Dolores Gonzales.).

Notes for MARIA SMITH:

1880 census, Monterey, CA; all b CA; parents b CA

Nicholas Lapaz 45
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

25
Mary Lapaz 23 
Angelo Lapaz 10
Pintino Lapaz 7
Lucy Lapaz 8
Tecola Lapaz 6
Isabel Lapaz 4
Dallia Lapaz 1

5. JOSE MARIA (JOSEPH) SMITH (THOMAS 3 2, GEORGE1) (Source: "Baja California Smiths" chart by Joaquin Gracida.) was born Abt. 1817 in L Cal (Source: 1850 US census, Age in 1850: 33.), and died Bef. 1901 in Monterey, Calif. He married JULIANA [MARIA J] CAMACHO (Source: "Baja California Smiths" chart by Joaquin Gracida.). She was born Abt. 1821 in L Cal (Source: 1850 US census, Age in 1850: 29.), and died Bef. 1901 (Source: Baja California 1901-1905, 111, (per Carole Salazar).).

I would lean to think that Jose Ma. was in Monterey in 1860 and never moved since later Jose Ma. registered to vote in 1867 also in Monterey, CA.

1850 census, Monterey
Joseph Smith, 33, b L Cal
Juliana Smith, 29, b L Cal
Ramon Smith, 13, b L Cal
Louisa Smith, 11, b L Cal
Joseph Smith, 10, b L Cal
Yavis Smith, 6, b Cal [AKA Eliades, in 1852; Alijes in 1860)
Theresa Smith, 1, b Cal
1852 Census, p 10, Monterey, Monterey, CA
Jose M Smith, 35, Ranchero, b L Calif, Last residence L Calif
Juliana Smith, 31, b L Calif
Ramon Smith, 15, b L Calif

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

Luisa Smith 13, b L Calif
Jose Maria Smith, 12, b L Calif
Eliades Smith, 8, b L Calif
Teresa Smith, 4, b Calif

Children of JOSE SMITH and JULIANA CAMACHO are: 
I. RAMON [GIL] SMITH (Source: 4 "Baja California Smiths" chart by Joaquin Gracida.), b. Abt. 1837, L Cal (Source: 1850 US census, Age in 1850: 13.); m. MARIA J CASTRO.

- Birth year is 1837;
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

1860 census, Monterey, Monterey, CA [These would all be siblings] 
Gil Smith 23, b Lower Cal
Louisa Smith 22, b Lower Cal
Jose Smith 20, b Lower Cal
Alijes Smith (male) 19, b Lower Cal
Teresa Smith 16, b Cal
Josefina Smith 13, b Cal
Defonso Smith (male) 10, b Cal

ii. LOUISA SMITH (Source: "Baja California Smiths" chart by Joaquin Gracida.), b. Abt. 1839, L Cal (Source: 1850 US census, Age in 1850: 11.); d. February 1870, Ventura, CA; m. (1) GUILLERMO (WILHELM) P SMITH/SCHMIDT (Source: Marriage certificate in possession of Carole Salazar, (Catholic Diocese, Monterey, CA).), February 13, 1857, Monterey, CA (Source: Marriage certificate in possession of Carole Salazar, (Catholic Diocese, Monterey, CA).); b. Abt. 1820, Olenburg, Germany; d. 1883, Calif; m. (2) CHARLES GIBSON (Source: Carole Salazar personal knowledge.), February 21, 1867, Salinas, CA; b. 1831, VA; d. 1904, Calif.

iii. JOSEPH [JOSE MARIA] SMITH (Source: "Baja California Smiths" chart by Joaquin Gracida.), b. Abt. 1840, L Cal (Source: 1850 US census, Age in 1850: 10.); d. Bef. 1895 (Source: Guía Familiar, p 115.); m. TRINIDAD ROMERO (Source: Guía Familiar, p 115.), Abt. 1870; b. (Source: Guía Familiar, p 702.); d. Bef. 1895 (Source: Guía Familiar, p 115.).

Voters' registration for 1866: Jose Maria (50), b L Cal and Washington Baptista (44) b Mexico, Jose (24) b L Cal, Eliades (22), b L Cal
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

1870 census, Alisal, Monterey, CA 
Riley Gray, 37, Saloon keeper, b KY
Jose Smith, 29, laborer, b L Cal
Elias Smith, 26, laborer, b L Cal

iv. ELIADES (YAVIS) SMITH (Source: "Baja California Smiths" chart by Joaquin Gracida.), b. Abt. 1844, Calif (Source:1850 US census, Age in 1850: 6.).

Notes for ELIADES (YAVIS) SMITH:  
Voters' registration for 1866: Jose Maria (50), b L Cal and Washington Baptista (44) b Mexico, Eliades (22)  
Voters registration 1867: Jose Maria (50), Washington Bautista (44), Jose (24), Eliades (22)
Voters' registration for 1868: Jose Maria (b L Cal, Jose (24), b L Cal, Eliades (22) b L Cal); Washington Bautista (44), b Mexico

v. THERESA SMITH (Source: "Baja California Smiths" chart by Joaquin Gracida.), b. Abt. 1849, Calif (Source: 1850 US census, Age in 1850: 1.).

vi. OSIVIANA SMITH (Source: San Carlos de Borromeo de Monterey, Baptism records in possession of Carole Salazar, (Catholic Dioces
e, Monterey, CA).), b. July 1853, Monterey, CA.

vii. YLDEFONSO [ALFONSO] SEGUNDO SMITH (Source: San Carlos de Borromeo de Monterey, Baptism records in possession of Carole Salazar, (Catholic Diocese, Monterey, CA), Noted as son of Jose M Smith and Maria J Camacho.), b. May 29, 1858, Monterey, CA (Source: San Carlos de Borromeo de Monterey, Baptism records in possession of Carole Salazar, (Catholic Diocese, Monterey, CA).); d. January 25, 1913, El Cajon, San Diego, CA; m. TOMASA REAL; b. 1867 (Source: Findagrave.com, by Marsha Snelling.); d. April 24, 1921, Lakeside, San Diego, CA (Source: Findagrave.com, by Marsha Snelling.).

______________________________________________________________________________________________

1910 census, El Cajon, CA: 
Ildeponso Smith 51, first marriage, md 26 yrs, b CA, parents b Mexico
Thomasso Smith 42, mo 12 children, 8 living, b CA, parents b CA
Jose M Smith 25, b Mex, parents b CA, imm 1904
Jacinto Smith 24, b Mex, parents b CA, imm 1904
Ildeponso Smith 21, b Mex, parents b CA, imm 1904
Juan Smith 14, b Mex, parents b CA, imm 1904
Ramona Smith 12, b Mex, parents b CA, imm 1904
Rabail Smith 7, b Mex, parents b CA, imm 1904
Hill Smith 4, b CA, parents b CA
Soledad Smith 3/12, b CA, parents b CA
Maria Smith, granddaughter, 4, b CA, parents b CA

viii. CLOTILDE BRUNA SMITH (Source: San Carlos de Borromeo de Monterey, Baptism records in possession of

Carole Salazar, (Catholic Diocese, Monterey, CA), Noted as daughter of Jose M Smith and Juliana Camacho.), b. October 06, 1864, Monterey, CA.

6. JUAN [WASHINGTON] BAUTISTA SMITH (3 THOMAS2, GEORGE1) was born Bet. 1817 - 1824 in Sonora. He married (1) PILAR QUINTANO (Source: Guía Familiar, p 481.). died (Source: Registro Civil, Loreto, Baja California.). He married (2)

1852 census (households not separated but listed as follows:) 
Jose M Smith (b L Cal) and children in descending order
Manual Smith (b L Cal)and children in descending order
2 individuals (apparently servants of Manuel) listed as Indian
Juan Baptista Smith, 28 [B C 1824], Rancher, b Sonora, lived last in Lower Cal.

(I believe he is the only family member to claim Sonora as his birthplace. Harry says children born before 1821 could have been born in Sonora but even Jose Maria gives his birthplace as L Cal)

Children of JUAN SMITH and PILAR QUINTANO are: 
I. JACINTA [AGUILAR] SMITH (Source: Guía 4 Familiar, p 481, Also 1850 census, age 6.), b. Abt. 1843, Comundú; d. November 15, 1914, Comondu; m. MANUEL MURILLO, November 24, 1861, La Paz (Source: Guía Familiar, p 481.). Jacinta  would have been born about 1843 and would have been 18 at the time of her marriage. Guia Familiar: La Paz, Archivo Eclesiastico, Matrimonios, p. 481:

7. JUANA3 SMITH (THOMAS2, GEORGE1) was born 1820 (Source: "Baja California Smiths" chart by Joaquin Gracida.), and died Bef. 1869 (Source: Guía Familiar, p 700, In Comondu birth registrations, she is cited as "finada" in 1869 on the record for Dolores Real.). She married (1) SEVERO REAL (Source: Guía Familiar, p 700.). He was born 1820 (Source: "Baja California Smiths" chart by Joaquin Gracida.), and died Bef. 1893 (Source: Guía Familiar, p 700.). She married (2) ANDRES CAMACHO

I. JACINTO REAL (Source: Guía Familiar, p. 700.), b. 1842, 4 Comondú (Source: Guía Familiar, p. 700.); m. (1) SOLEDAD AZUNA (Source: Guía Familiar, p 709.); m. (2) JOSEFA REAL (Source: Comondu Civil Registration, Nacimientos 1862-1933 [FamilySearch.org], 30.); m. (3) DOLORES MEZA (Source: Guía Familiar, p. 700.), April 07, 1893, Comondú (Source: Guía Familiar, p. 700.); b. 1862, Comondú (Source: Guía Familiar, p. 700.).

iii. JUAN DE DIOS4 CAMACHO, m. JOSEFA COTA (Source: Comondu Civil Registration, Nacimientos 1862-1933 [FamilySearch.org], Images 39-40.).

8. ROMUALDA3 SMITH (THOMAS2, GEORGE1) was born Abt. 1825, and died August 13, 1895 in Comondu (Source: Registro Civil, Loreto, Baja California.). She married (1) MARIANO OSUNA. She married (2) ISIDORO ARCE (Source: San Ignacio Marriages, Confirmations.).

Residence: 1854, San Ignacio (Source: Guía Familiar, p. 698.)

Children of ROMUALDA SMITH and MARIANO OSUNA are: 
I. BEN_IN4 OSUNA (Source: Comondu Civil Registration, Nacimientos 1862-1933 [FamilySearch.org], image 60-1.), b. December 15, 1863, Comondu.

Children of ROMUALDA SMITH and ISIDORO ARCE are: 
iv. ANTONIO4 ARCE.  More About ANTONIO ARCE:
Confirmation: 1854, San Ignacio

More About ENCARNACION ARCE:
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

vii. PAULINO ARCE (Source: Guía Familiar, p. 698.), b. Abt. 1852, Comondú (Source: Guía Familiar, p. 698.); d. April 20, 1921, San Diego, CA (Source: Ancestry.com, Family Trees: Hovermale (Marsha Snelling).); m. GUADALUPE VERDUGO, July 24, 1874, Comondú (Source: Guía Familiar, p 698.); b. Abt. 1848 (Source: Guía Familiar, p 698.).

Dates of his birth vary widely.  In 1895 Paulino was a witness on the death certificate of his mother. Paulino and daughter Isobel were on the City of Topeka, from Guaymas, arriving in San Francisco, on 29 Oct 1905 in transit to Honolulu. He indicated he had been in San Francisco previously in Dec 1874. Their last residence was Guaymas. His age was 48 yrs, 11 mos (therefore born about 1856) and hers was 28 years, 6 mos. He was a widower and miner.

viii. MARIA ANTONIA ARCE, b. Abt. 1855; m. PABLO MEZA (Source: Guía Familiar, p. 710.); b. Abt. 1853.

1910 census, Honolulu, Hawaii Territory 
Timothy B Arcia 54, md 31 yrs, b Mex, parents b Mex, imm 1864
Merce Arcia 51, mo 9, 7 living, b Hawaii, parents b Mex
William V Arcia 18, son, b Hawaii, fa b Mex, mo b Hawaii
Lucia Knauber 24, dau, b Hawaii, fa b Mex, mo b Hawaii
Florance Knauber 2, granddau, b Hawaii, fa b PA, mo b Hawaii

1920 census, Honolulu, Hawaii Territory
Timothy B Arcia 67, race Mulatto, b CA, fa b Mex, mo b CA
Marcelis Arcia 54, wife, b Hawaii, fa b Poland, mo b CA
Mollie A Lake 38, dau, b Hawaii, fa b CA, mo b Hawaii

Charles Lake 14, gr-son, b Hawaii, fa b CA, mo b Hawaii
Myrtle Lake 12, gr-dau, b Hawaii, fa b CA, mo b Hawaii

x. RAMON SMITH, b. Abt. 1852, L 4 Cal (Source: 1930 - 5th census of Mexico, Age in 1930: 78.); d. April 09, 1942, San Miguel de Comondu; m. ROSARIO MEZA; b. Abt. 1852, L Cal (Source: 1930 - 5th census of Mexico, Age in 1930: 78.).

9. SALVADORA3 SMITH (THOMAS2, GEORGE1) was born Abt. 1827 (Source: "Baja California Smiths" chart by Joaquin Gracida.), and died June 04, 1893. She married ROBERT HENRY FISHER November 23, 1849 in Monterey, CA (Source: Guía Familiar, #708.). He was born 1822 in Eaton, OH (Source: Guía Familiar, p. 708.), and died September 04, 1885 in Nogales, AZ.

In 1850, Salvadora is 24 (born c 1826) |
In 1852, Salvadora is 24 (born c 1828)
On an 1849 marriage record, she is 22 (born c 1827)

1850 census, Monterey, Monterey, CA:
Robert Fisher, 36, b TX 
Salvador Fisher, 24, b Cal
Maria Smith, 22, b L Cal
Maria Smith, 50, b L Cal
Esevier (Isabella?) Smith, 5/12, b Cal
Hacunda (Jacinta?) Smith, 6 b NY?
Thomas Smith, 60, b NY
Antonio Smsith, 20, b L Cal

1852 California State Census, Monterey 
Age Born Last residence
Maria Smith, age 60, B Lower Cal, Last residence: Lower Cal
Nieves Smith, 20 do do
Jacinta Smith, 9 do do
Rosaria Smith, 7 do do
Salvadora Fisher, 24 do do
Isabel Fisher 3 California California
John Fisher 1 do do

I. MARIA YSABELL DEL ROSARIO 4 FISHER, b. April 14, 1850, Monterey, CA (Source: San Carlos de Borromeo de Monterey, Baptism records in possession of Carole Salazar, (Catholic Diocese, Monterey, CA).); d. August 16, 1853, Monterey, CA.

Notes for JAMES WILLIAM FISHER: 
Information on James William Fisher comes from Mary Fisher Falk, his daughter, in a 1972 letter. It is believed he was born in Sacramento. The death certificate for his son, Robert Joseph Fisher, gives his father as James Fisher,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

1900, Pima Co, Ariz, Tucson 
Aurora Fisher 40, b Mar 1860, Widow, mo 9, 6 living, b Mexico, parents b Mexico, imm 1881
Robert Fisher 19, b Sep 1880, All children b Ariz, fa b Calif, mo b Mex
Queen Fisher 18, b Nov 1881
Mary Fisher 15, b Jan 1885
Amfare Fisher 14, b Sep 1886
Belle Fisher 9, b Oct 1890
James Fisher 5, b Jun 1895

1910, Kern Co, CA [Possibly this is Aurora's husband]
James W Fisher 50, widower, b CA, fa b OH, mo b CA

1920 census, Los Angeles, CA, Assembly Dist 73
Aurora Fisher 61, widow, imm 1866, b Spain, parents b Spain
Robert J Fisher 36, widower, son, b AZ, fa b CA, mo b Spain
James W Fisher 24, son, b AZ, fa b CA, mo b Spain
Mary Falk 34, dau, b AZ, fa b CA, mo b Spain
Charles Falk 40, son-in-law, b MO, parents b MO
Mable Fisher 26, daughter law?, b Kansas, parents b Kansas
Maria Falk 15, granddau, b AZ, fa b CA, mo b Spain
Charles R Falk 12, son, b AZ, fa b CA, mo b Spain
Zelma Andrew 17, roomer, b Minnesota, fa b Canada, mo b ND

1930 census, Los Angeles, CA 
Aurora Fisher 73, widow, b Spain, imm 1869

iv. ROBERTO FISHER (Source: Guía Familiar, p. 565.), b. 1857, Comondú (Source: Guía Familiar, p. 565.); d. January 20, 1862, La Paz (Source: Guía Familiar, p. 565.).

v. ISABEL ROSARIO FISHER (Source: Guía Familiar, p. 708.), b. September 27, 1860, Comondú (Source: Guía Familiar, p. 708.); m. PATRICIO MAQUILLA, Abt. 1861; b. Ireland.

vi. JUAN TOMAS FISHER (Source: Guía Familiar, p. 565.), b. 1863 (Source: Guía Familiar, p. 565.); d. October 30, 1868, La Paz (Source: Guía Familiar, p. 565.).

10. NIEVES SMITH (THOMAS , GEORGE ) was born Abt. 3 2 1 1830 in Comondú (Source: "Baja California Smiths" chart by Joaquin Gracida.). She married ANDRES (OSBEN) OSBORNE (Source: Guía Familiar, #708.). He was born in Kentucky
(Source: Guía Familiar, p. 708-9.).

Notes for ANTONIO FELIX SMITH:
According to "Familia" by Robert R Alvarez, Jr. Antonio and his wife and family traveled with Manuel Smith (grandson of
Antonio's brother, Jose Maria) and his wife, Apolonia Meza.  Many inconsistencies on his birth date:
Marriage: born 1829 [this would appear to be the most accurate]

Rosamel document says he was born in 1821.
Antonio Smith document says he was born 21 Feb 1831
Guia Familiar, p 778: age in 1898: 77 (marriage of son Antonio) [b c 1821]
Guia Familiar p 829: Age in 1896: 67 (birth of Balbina Smith) [ b c 1829]
1850 US census: age 20 [b c 1830] 

Civil Registration for Librada Meza in 1872 gives his name as Antonio Felix Smith.
Civil Registration for grandson Arturo, Feb. 1899 (Civil Registration, Comondu, Nacimientos, image 121), says he is from
Comondu and a resident of Ensenada de Todos Santos. In 1896, Antonio was 68 and a resident of Ensenada de Todos Santos.
FamilySearch.org - Mexico Marriages, 1570-1950: Antonio Aguilar and Carmen Aguilar, 5 Jul 1851, Nuestra Senora de la Paz, 
La Paz, Baja, California. Grooms father: Francisco Xavier Aguilar, mother Meza. Groom age 22, born 1829, Bride child of Jose
del Rosario Aguilar and Celestina Orantes, born 1833, age 18 [Indexing batch 64612-2; film 1389954 - Registros parroquiales,
1752-1939 Iglesia Católica. Nuestra Señora de la Paz (La Paz, Baja California Sur)]

Child of ANTONIO SMITH and ANDREA REAL is:
I. TRINIDAD SMITH, b. Abt. 1856, Comondú; m. JOSE ESPINOSA 4 (Source: Guía Familiar, p. 698.), September 23,1875, Comondú (Source: Guía Familiar, p. 698.); b. Todos Santos.Trinidad was the illegitimate daughter of Antonio and Andrea Real.

Children of ANTONIO SMITH and CARMEN AGUILAR are:
ii. MARIA4 SMITH, b. April 17, 1852; m. LORETO MEZA (Source: "Baja California Smiths" chart by JoaquinGracida.); b. Abt. 1850.iii. ROSAMEL SMITH (Source: Guía Familiar, p. 829.), b. May 03, 1854, Comondú (Source: (1) Guía Familiar, p.829., (2) Antonio Smith document, 16 May 1903.); d. 1924, Lakeside, CA (Source: Rosamel Smith document (from Joaquin
Gracida).); m. JOSEFA MURILLO; b. 1861, Loreto (Source: Rosamel Smith document (from Joaquin Gracida).); d. 1945,
Lakeside, CA (Source: Rosamel Smith document (from Joaquin Gracida).).

1910 census, Lakeside, San Diego, CA: All b Mexico, all parents b Mexico, immigrated 1901 except Elmida (1908)

Rosamel Smith 56, md 26 yrs, odd jobs
Josepha Smith 47, mo 10, 6 living
Angel Smith 18, son
Guadalupe Smith 15, dau
Peter Smith 13, son
Javier Smith 10, son
Nieves Smith 9, dau
Elmida Smith 8, niece

1920 census, El Cajon, San Diego, CA, all b Mexico
Rosamel Smith 65, imm 1901, laborer, general farm
Josefa Smith 59, imm 1901
Pete Smith 23, imm 1901
Nieves Smith 19, imm 1901
Elmira Smith 17, niece, imm 1912
Onofrio Smith 11, nephew, imm 1912

In 1920, his son Angel, is living next door with his family. Also adjacent is Salvador and Margarita Meza
(presumably his daughter) and 5 children.

Notes for JOSEFA MURILLO:
Border Crossings: From Mexico to U.S., 1895-1957 about Josefa Murillo De Smith
Name: Josefa Murillo De Smith
Arrival Date: 5 Nov 1930
Port of Arrival: San Ysidro, California, United States
Accompanied by: Son Margarita Smith De Meza; Daughter Nieves Smith De Totips; Daughter Angel Smith
Arrival Contact: Son Angel Smith
Age: 69
Birth Date: abt 1861
Birth Location: Larado [probably should be Loreto]
Gender: Female
Race/Nationality: Mexican (Latino)
Record has photo?: Yes
Record Type: Cards
iv. BALBINO SMITH (Source: Guía Familiar, p. 823.), b. March 16, 1857, Comondú (Source: Guía Familiar, p. 823.); d.September 14, 1937, San Diego, CA; m. SELMIRA MENDOZA; b. Abt. 1868, San Antonio (Source: "Baja California Smiths"

Frank V Smith and Clorinda Gloria Smith - 3rd cousins
Siblings Jose Maria Smith Juan Smith
i i
1 cousins Louisa st Smith (m Wm Smith) Marcelino Smith
i i
2nd cousins Andres Gil Smith Romualdo (Romeo) Smith
i i
3rd cousins Frank V Smith Clorinda Gloria Smith
Father and son married same woman
Antonio Victor Smith married Carolina and had a son Ellis
After Carolina died, he married Felicita (Antonio was 14 years older)
When Antonio died, Ellis married Felecita (Ellis was 13 years younger)

CUENTOS

Juan P. Valdez by Mike Scarborough 

This picture was taken only six days before Juan passed

Mike Scarborough 
justice1O1@aol.com

 His wife Rose is in the group picture holding one of their eleven great-grandchildren. The man holding the urn is his son, Amarante.

The Education of Mi Hijita 
by John Phillip Santos September 2012

A Mother's Love

FAMILY HISTORY RESEARCH

FamilySearch Webinar

https://familysearch.org/learningcenter/lesson/familysearch-webinar-robert-kehrer-june-21-2012/576 

From Kimberly Powell, your Guide to Genealogy

Four Ways to Publish Those Family Treasures