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FELIZ NAVIDAD
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Letters to the Editor |
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You're constitutional convention project is fabulous. Please let me know if I can do anything to help . . . other than fighting the 91 traffic to Orange County. Since I work on scripts, I would be happy to contribute, although it looks as if you're doing great as is. |
Querida amiga Mimi, Acabo de dar un primer vistazo al Somos Primos de noviembre y lo veo magnifico, hay mucha información fotográfica y eso descansa mucho la vista, porque la lectura es diferente, y mas para los que los conocimientos del inglés son tan mediocres como los mios. ¡LA REVISTA TIENE ALGUN PROGRAMA DE TRADUCCION SIMULKTANEA?. SERIA MUY INTERESANTE? Has conseguido hacer una gran revista digital, te felicito. Un beso, Angel acustodiorebollo@gmail.com |
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Somos Primos P.O. 490 Midway City, CA 92655-0490 |
mimilozano@aol.com www.SomosPrimos.com 714-894-8161 |
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Mimi, my heart is warmed with
gratitude by your kindness in publishing my emails in your eminent
website.
Farewell for the moment and God bless. ~ Gilberto |
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Dear Gilberto and Somos Primos readers, I consider it a privilege and a blessing to be able to share your family stories and experiences. Below is a series of emails from Gilberto filled with the joy of a "family history discovery", a very special Christmas gift from Gilberto to all of us.
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| Dear Mimi, In going through my mother's personal belongings, I found the attached photograph that she took in 1945 of the main altar of the old Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe, and I would like to share it with you. My parents went to visit the Basilica right after my father returned from serving in the U.S. Navy during World War II. Before he left for the war, they made a vow (una manda) to visit the Basilica if he would return home safe and sound. The old Basilica was built on the hill of Tepeyac, the site where Our Lady of Guadalupe appeared to Juan Diego. I recall that Mamá vividly remembered her experience of the pilgrimage and that the site was called La Villa de Guadalupe. This photograph is priceless because the tilma where Our Lady of Guadalupe appeared is now housed in the new Basilica, which was built between 1974 and 1976, and is adjacent to the old Basilica, on the left side. |
| The photographs I have seen show the image of Our Lady of Guadalupe inside the new Basilica, but none show the image of when it was housed in the old Basilica. Ever since I was a little boy, at the age of three, I remember Mamá had this beautiful picture frame (37" x 24") of Our Lady of Guadalupe hanging on the wall. This was in 1949. Mamá would tell me that this picture of Our Lady of Guadalupe hung in the Basilica in Mexico City. Naturally, I believed her. During the horrific Laredo flood of 1954, the rising waters of the Arroyo El Zacate tore down the west wall of our modest two room house at 402 San Pablo Avenue. But the small section of the wall that held the picture of Our Lady of Guadalupe was not harmed. After Mamá passed away in 2003, the picture frame hanged in her bedroom until I retrieved it yesterday. After a close examination of the beautiful color picture of Our Lady of Guadalupe, I noticed for the first time two inscriptions which caught my attention. |
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Lower left hand side reads: 1531 - 1931 12 de Diciembre Lower right hand following handwritten inscription: Hago constar que esta es la primera reproducción a colores tomada directamente de la orignal Imagen de Nuestra Senora de Guadalupe, editada por la Basilica como recuerdo del IV Centenario de las apariciones. Doy Fé Feliciano Cortés Abad de la Basilica My wife, Jo Emma has been carefully restoring the frame and the backing. I have written a letter to my good friend, Father Gilberto Piñón, OMI, who resides in the Vatican to see if this beautiful picture has any significant value based on the information provided above. |
I will keep you posted on his reply. What I find amazing is that the color image was made on a canvass, but how,? since this image was made prior to 1931 in celebration of the 400th anniversary of the apparitions of Our Lady of Guadalupe. I do not think the color technology was that advanced during that period of time. On her feast day, December 12, may Our Lady of Guadalupe fill you with many blessings. Gilberto |
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Hello Mimi,
Eureka! In an old book that belonged to my parents, entitled, Cincuentenario
Guadalupano, 1895-1945 (published by the Basilica De Nuestra Señora
De Guadalupe, México, D.F., in 1945), I found the attached color photograph
of Abbot Feliciano Cortes, the same prelate who signed the inscription on
the copy of the image of Our Lady of Guadalupe that I emailed you earlier.
The one Mamá had in her bedroom. This 216 page tome was published to
celebrate the 50th Anniversary of the Pontifical Coronation of Our Lady of
Guadalupe. My parents' copy is marked as being number 2,868 out of
3,000 copies.
Take care and have a wonderful day, full of God's blessings.
Gilberto
Hello Mimi and Good Evening,
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"Hola! Dear Gilberto, Greetings from Rome and thanks for your message. It is good to
hear from you. The value of that reproduction of Our Lady of Guadalupe from the Original has a great value because it belonged to your Mother. You cannot put an economical price to that. Then it has a value because it is
commemorating the Iv centennial anniversary of the apparitions in 1531. I am sure that some collectionist would like to have it. The price would depend on how many of those reproductions were made then in 1931. I
recommend not to sell it. Keep it for the Family as a memory of your Mother. That is more important. Te dejo porque ya es noche y tengo que
dormir. Hasta pronto. Un cordial saludo todos. Gilberto Gilberto Piñón Gaytán, omi Via Aurelia 290. 00165 ROMA (ITALIA)" http://www.bestcatholic.com/guadalupe.shtml |
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71st Doolittle Raiders Anniversary Reunion Adolph Hitler and Henry Ford each kept a framed picture of the other on his desk Doomed to Succeed by Dennis Ross: The U.S. Israel Relationship From Truman to Obama Julius Rosenwald, One of the Greatest Jewish Philanthropists You Never Heard Of 2015 NHCC Fall Summit Alamo's History Critical to its Future El Mito de El Alamo Remember the Alamo because it's getting a facelift Real estate broker Jerry Ascencio takes his stories of Latino struggles to the stage NALIP Welcomes Four New Board Members The 2015 Latino Books Into Movies Award Winners Will.I.Am is Helping L.A.'s Smartest Girl Build Cool Robotics Ana Villafañe portrays singer Gloria Estefan in "On Your Feet." Take a book, leave a book: Sharing economy boosts mini libraries all across the county Think Before You Donate |
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This is a very inspiring story of the Doolittle Raiders
who bombed Tokyo in 1942 to turn the war effort around after the
Japanese attack of Pearl Harbor. The FINAL TOAST actually took place
on November 9, 2013.
They once were among the most universally admired and revered men in the United States. There were 80 of the Raiders in April 1942, when they carried out one of the most courageous and heart-stirring military operations in this nation's history. The mere mention of their unit's name, in those years, would bring tears to the eyes of grateful Americans. Now only four survive. After Japan's sneak attack on Pearl Harbor, with the United States reeling and wounded, something dramatic was needed to turn the war effort around. Even though there were no friendly airfields close enough to Japan for the United States to launch a retaliation, a daring plan was devised. Sixteen B-25s were modified so that they could take off from the deck of an aircraft carrier. This had never before been tried -- sending such big, heavy bombers from a carrier. The 16 five-man crews, under the command of Lt. Col. James Doolittle, who himself flew the lead plane off the USS Hornet, knew that they would not be able to return to the carrier. They would have to hit Japan and then hope to make it to China for a safe landing. But on the day of the raid, the Japanese military caught wind of the plan. The Raiders were told that they would have to take off from much farther out in the Pacific Ocean than they had counted on. They were told that because of this they would not have enough fuel to make it to safety. And those men went anyway. They bombed Tokyo and then flew as far as they could. Four planes crash-landed; 11 more crews bailed out, and three of the Raiders died. Eight more were captured; three were executed. Another died of starvation in a Japanese prison camp. One crew made it to Russia. The Doolittle Raiders sent a message from the United States to its enemies, and to the rest of the world: We will fight. And, no matter what it takes, we will win. Of the 80 Raiders, 62 survived the war. They were celebrated as national heroes, models of bravery. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer produced a motion picture based on the raid; "Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo," starring Spencer Tracy and Van Johnson, was a patriotic and emotional box-office hit, and the phrase became part of the national lexicon. In the movie-theater previews for the film, MGM proclaimed that it was presenting the story "with supreme pride." Beginning in 1946, the surviving Raiders have held a reunion each April, to commemorate the mission. The reunion is in a different city each year. In 1959, the city of Tucson, Arizona, as a gesture of respect and gratitude, presented the Doolittle Raiders with a set of 80 silver goblets. Each goblet was engraved with the name of a Raider. Every year, a wooden display case bearing all 80 goblets is transported to the reunion city. Each time a Raider passes away, his goblet is turned upside down in the case at the next reunion, as his old friends bear solemn witness. Also in the wooden case is a bottle of 1896 Hennessy Very Special cognac. The year is not happenstance: 1896 was when Jimmy Doolittle was born. There has always been a plan: When there are only two surviving Raiders, they would open the bottle, at last drink from it, and toast their comrades who preceded them in death. As 2013 began, there were five living Raiders; then, in February, Tom Griffin passed away at age 96. What a man he was. After bailing out of his plane over a mountainous Chinese forest after the Tokyo raid, he became ill with malaria and almost died. When he recovered, he was sent to Europe to fly more combat missions. He was shot down, captured, and spent 22 months in a German prisoner of war camp. The selflessness of these men, the sheer guts ... there was a passage in the Cincinnati Enquirer obituary for Mr. Griffin that, on the surface, had nothing to do with the war, but that was emblematic of the depth of his sense of duty and devotion:
"When his wife became ill and needed to go into a nursing
home, he visited her every day. He walked from his house to
the nursing home, fed his wife and at the end of the day brought
home her clothes. At night, he washed and ironed her clothes.
Then he walked them up to her room the next morning. He did
that for three years until her death in 2005."
So now, out of the original 80, only four Raiders remain: Dick Cole (Doolittle's co-pilot on the Tokyo raid), Robert Hite, Edward Saylor and David Thatcher. All are in their 90s. They have decided that there are too few of them for the public reunions to continue. The events in Fort Walton Beach marked the end. It has come full circle; Florida's nearby Eglin Field was where the Raiders trained in secrecy for the Tokyo mission. The town planned to do all it can to honor the men: a six-day celebration of their valor, including luncheons, a dinner and a parade. Do the men ever wonder if those of us for whom they helped save the country have tended to it in a way that is worthy of their sacrifice? They don't talk about that, at least not around other people. But if you find yourself near Fort Walton Beach this week, and if you should encounter any of the Raiders, you might want to offer them a word of thanks. I can tell you from first hand observation that they appreciate hearing that they are remembered. The men have decided that after this final public reunion they will wait until a later date -- some time this year -- to get together once more, informally and in absolute privacy. That is when they will open the bottle of brandy. The years are flowing by too swiftly now; they are not going to wait until there are only two of them. They will fill the four remaining upturned goblets. And raise them in a toast to those who are gone. |
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21
rare and weird facts about World War II
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Doomed to Succeed by Dennis Ross |
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As former Middle East peace envoy Dennis Ross writes in his important new book, the U.S. government was downright hostile to Israel in its early years. Ross, who now serves as the William Davidson Distinguished Fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy and as Distinguished Professor in the Practice of Diplomacy at Georgetown University, notes that nearly all of President Harry S. Truman’s major foreign policy advisors saw the emergence of Israel as “doom and gloom for the United States.” At the time, this was also the predominant view within America’s national security establishment. Support for the Jewish state was considered of “no strategic benefit.” The fear (totally unfounded, as Ross points out) was that it would come “at enormous cost to our relations with the Arabs.” |
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In a chapter devoted to the Truman presidency, Ross describes how most leading U.S. national security officials at the time were on a “mission against the Jewish state.” Then senior members of the State Department, the Pentagon, and the CIA maintained a “hostile posture toward the Jewish state and continued to see only risks associated with U.S. support for it.” Most also thought it highly “improbable that the Jewish state would survive over any considerable period of time.” So the consensus was that siding with the Arabs was the safer bet. To be sure, as Ross rightly remarks, “Truman was a good friend of Israel.” But the “actual support he provided was limited.” Arms Embargo Especially calamitous for the fledgling Jewish state was the embargo that the Truman administration imposed on all U.S. weapons going to the warring groups in the last months of the British Mandate for Palestine. The embargo went into effect in December 1947—just a few weeks after the UN General Assembly adopted the plan to partition Palestine into a Jewish and Arab state. It was maintained even after Israel was invaded by Egypt, Syria, and Jordan in May 1948, following Israel’s declaration of statehood. The embargo stayed in force throughout Truman’s tenure. Ross remarks that the arms embargo was ostensibly meant “to limit the scope of the violence.” But in reality it “effectively penalized only the Jews, as the British continued to provide weapons to Arab armies and these leaked to Arab forces in Palestine.”
But they didn’t care. The stakes were too high to worry about personal costs. A new documentary, released a few months ago and airing on PBS stations and community events nationwide, recounts the exploits of these amazing American flyboys and their secret mission to save the Jewish state from assured destruction. Below I discuss who these remarkable Americans were, and review the new film that documents their heroism. Exclusive footage and images for Legal Insurrection are also included. The Americans Who Flew For Israel in 1948 Last week Leon Frankel, a World War II torpedo bomber pilot who traveled to Palestine in 1948 and flew 25 missions for the fledgling Israeli Air Force, died at the age of 92 in his native Minnesota. According to his obituaries, Frankel flew in the first U.S. Navy raid on Tokyo in February 1945. In subsequent raids he helped sink a Japanese cruiser and protected his squadron commander, whose plane had been badly damaged. For these and other heroic actions during the war, Frankel received the Navy Cross, two Distinguished Flying Crosses, three Air Medals and two Presidential Citations. Frankel explained his motivation to help in a letter published last year in the Minneapolis Star Tribune:
Adolph (Al) Schwimmer, the operation’s legendary commander, passed away back in 2011 at age 94. Schwimmer, who worked for TWA after the war, had been a flight engineer for the U.S. Transport Command in World War II. There, he saw no combat. Back in the U.S. he led a quiet life before he single-handedly helped to arm the Jews of Palestine, earning him a place on the FBI’s most-wanted list. The operation supplied $12 million in surplus weaponry to the Jewish state. This included decommissioned U.S. transport planes (mainly Curtiss C-46 Commandos), old Messerschmitt Me-109s (the mainstay of the German Luftwaffe!), crate loads of tens of thousands of Mauser rifles, and even a few surplus B-17 bombers. Schwimmer and his team also recruited most of the trained pilots for the embryonic Israeli Air Force, which celebrated its 65th anniversary this past May. There can be no doubt that Schwimmer and his men helped to turn the tide of the 1948 war and reshaped history. David Ben-Gurion himself said that Al Schwimmer was the “greatest gift that America gave Israel.”
Now a new
hour-long documentary, A Wing And A Prayer is written, directed, and produced by award-winning filmmaker Boaz Dvir (Jessie’s Dad, Discovering Gloria). He’s an Israeli who graduated from the University of Florida and now teaches journalism and film at Penn State. The film can be purchased from PBS for a tax-deductible contribution of $20 (call 1-800-222-9728). http://legalinsurrection.com/2015/10/a-wing-and-a-prayer-american-wwii-aviators-who-flew-for-israel/
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Julius Rosenwald, a Jewish peddler’s son who never finished high school, rose to become the chairman of Sears, Roebuck & Company and a modest philanthropist who gave away $62 million in his lifetime, including seed money for more than 5,000 schools for black children in the early 1900s. More than 80 years after his death, Rosenwald’s story is making headlines around the world, thanks to award-winning Washington, D.C., filmmaker Aviva Kempner. She released her new feature-length documentary, “Rosenwald,” in August. Thus far, it has played in more than 90 theaters in markets across the United States, such as Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, Philadelphia and San Francisco. “I greatly admire Rosenwald’s philanthropy. He gave away $62 million to various causes, which in today’s dollars is closer to $1 billion,” says Kempner, whose films illuminate the untold stories of Jewish heroes. Her previous documentaries include “Partisans of Vilna,” “The Life and Times of Hank Greenberg,” and “Yoo-Hoo, Mrs. Goldberg.” She calls Rosenwald “the greatest philanthropist you’ve never heard of.” “I felt that this story was too important to go unnoticed. It is a great Jewish legacy that I am excited to make better known. At a time when financial hardships abound and civil rights issues unfortunately still exist, it is imperative that Julius Rosenwald’s story be told now.”
However, the film reveals an endearing humility. In a sound-bite from the documentary, Rosenwald says, “Most people are of the opinion that because a man has made a fortune, that his opinions on any subject are valuable. Don’t be fooled into believing that if a man is rich, he is smart. … Most large fortunes are made by men of mediocre ability who tumbled into a lucky opportunity and couldn’t help but get rich.”
Rosenwald said as a Jew – a member of a despised minority – he identified with blacks. In 1910 a YMCA delegation asked him to give $25,000 to build a “Negro YMCA” in Chicago. He said he would provide that to any Y in the country that could raise an additional $75,000. And so began a model for building nearly 30 Y’s across the country between 1913 and 1932, the year Rosenwald died. The same principle applied in building schools. He didn’t just give money; he challenged the community to match funds.
The need arose due to underfunding of public education for black children who were required to attend segregated schools. “The genius of Rosenwald schools wasn’t that he gave money,” Julian Bond explains in the film. “He said, ‘Here’s money; I’ll give you one-third the cost of the school, and you’ll have to raise in your community one-third, and go to the local white community to raise the remaining one-third.”
Hate-mongers sometimes would set fire to Rosenwald schools or
blast them with dynamite. The schools would be rebuilt once,
even twice, before they were left alone.Rosenwald schools lasted until the Civil Rights era in the United States. In 1954, when the Supreme Court declared segregation in education unconstitutional, the schools became obsolete. Be sure and go to the website and view the trailer for the documentary. http://www.aish.com/ci/s/One-of-the-Greatest-Jewish-Philanthropists-You-Never-Heard-Of.html?s=mm |
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2015 NHCC Fall Summit
San Diego, CA - Representatives from some of
America's largest corporations gathered at the Paradise
Point Resort and Spa on Mission Bay in San Diego as part of
the 2015 NHCC Fall Summit to focus on ways to prepare and
promote more Latinos into managerial- and executive-level
positions.
The Washington D.C.-based National Hispanic Corporate Council 's Fall 2015 Summit welcomed representatives from Walmart, Boeing, State Farm Insurance, Wells Fargo Bank, Jet Blue and dozens of others. Given that Latinos make up 17% of the U.S. population but fill only 4% of executive-level positions, summit organizers say the time to invest in building a workforce that can increase Latino leadership in corporate America is now. "For a variety of reasons, Latinos are under-represented within the upper ranks of America's largest corporations," said Octavio Hinojosa, Executive Director of the National Hispanic Corporate Council. "By bringing together companies and subject matter experts, we hope to further the conversation on the importance of implementing effective corporate diversity and inclusion initiatives to ensure our member companies are reaching their fullest potential when it comes to winning over the Hispanic consumer market."
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Alamo’s History Critical to its Future |
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| http://cdn.therivardreport.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/olivares-statue-in-spain.jpg It’s clear from the countless impassioned debates about the Alamo’s future that any plan must respect its past. The Spanish found a place between two rivers, the San Pedro Creek and the San Antonio River, and decided it was a suitable site for a mission, Felix Almaraz, president of the San Antonio Historical Association, told a crowd of 100 people at the group’s meeting at Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) Tuesday afternoon. Everybody is familiar with the battle of the Alamo. The lecture by Almaraz focused on what happened during the Mission years. Almaraz, history professor emeritus at UTSA, credits Padre Fray Antonio de San Buenaventura y Olivares as the catalyst in bringing civilization to San Antonio. “Friar Olivares founded a group of Missions along the Rio Grande starting with San Juan Bautista in 1699,” Almaraz said. “It was followed by San Francisco Solano in 1700 and San Bernardo in 1702.”
The new Christians felt they had been abandoned in the wilderness. “It wasn’t until 1703 they had their first baptism,” Almaraz said, “And 1704 before their cultural identity was recorded.”
“The new viceroy studied the reports and recommended Olivares’ plan to close Mission San Francisco Solano and move it to San Antonio,” Almaraz said. “The converts would act as models at the new location.”  Felix Almaraz, History Professor Emeritus at UTSA, spoke of Mission San Antonio before it was a battle site. The mission started a building program in the 1720s. “Some soldiers began “Some soldiers began to call their settlement a villa,” Almaraz said, “but it was not designated by the monarchy. A villa was a municipal community, it has a city council.”
“We’ll do this by way finding and improving streets,” Houston said. “The State contributed $32 million to be used for restoration of the Alamo. And the City contributed $16 million for redevelopment of Alamo Plaza.” |
"El Mito de El Alamo"
History Channel
https://www.youtube.com/user/2321847
Aristegui entrevista a Paco Ignacio Talibo: |
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Documental
del History Channel con la participación de Paco Ignacio Taibo II.
donde es abordado el asunto de la Batalla de El Álamo.
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| Remember the Alamo because it's getting a facelift SAN ANTONIO | BY JIM FORSYTH Lifestyle | Thu Oct 29, 2015 |
| Visitors stand near the entrance as men use a lift to repair and restore stonework along the curved facade of the Alamo in San Antonio, Texas October 26, 2015. The man who long-headed San Antonio's Chamber of Commerce has grown tired of the reaction he receives from the visitors he takes to the Alamo, the highly recognizable monument to Texas independence and the state' most-visited tourist site. "Underwhelmed," is how Joe Krier, also a city councilman, sums up many of the reactions. The clamor of city traffic, the modern hotels and office towers rising up around the surprisingly small building have diminished the stature of the white stone-walled structure with its distinctive curved facade. An often-used derision is that it looks like a tourist trap. The state of Texas has also heard the complaints and the legislature has set aside $32 million to transform the Alamo and the plaza in front of it for the first time in more than a century. It is planning a facelift that will preserve its history and restore dignity to the square where a momentous event in state history unfolded. "The problem is, it doesn't look like John Wayne's movie set," said Richard Bruce Winders, the long-time official Alamo historian, referring to the iconic 1960 film where Wayne played Alamo defender and famed frontiersman Davy Crockett. The structure began life as a Spanish colonial mission in the mid 1700s. In the 1836 battle between Texian and Mexican forces, the Alamo's vastly outnumbered defenders were routed by Mexican forces in a 13-day siege. But the battle became a rallying point for the Texas forces, who defeated the Mexican Army a few weeks later. For most the 20th century, the Daughters of the Republic of Texas, an underfunded heritage organization, has managed the building ever since it prevented a portion of the grounds from being sold to a hotel developer in 1905. DON'T MESS WITH PHIL COLLINS But over the past three years, the state wrestled control from the group, and has looked to a brighter future thanks in part to musician Phil Collins, who fell in love with the Alamo watching the Davy Crockett TV show in England in the 1950s and collected pieces of its history. Last year Collins, who has earned the status of honorary Texan for his largess, donated the largest privately held collection of Alamo artifacts to the state, on the condition that a world class museum be built to house it. An Alamo Endowment, headed by some of the state's best fundraisers, has vowed to raise as much as $300 million to help with the project, on top of the money set aside by lawmakers. The United Nations also weighed in earlier this year by declaring the Alamo and the four other San Antonio Spanish missions to be World Heritage Sites, the first in Texas. "All of the pieces have finally come together," said Alamo Director Becky Dinnin. "We finally have the ability to do things that have to be done to better tell this story." WHICH HISTORY? But the questions is, which history should be told? Some preservationists hope to restore the Alamo and its plaza to the way they appeared on March 6, 1836, when Mexican forces stormed over the walls before dawn and the famous Battle of the Alamo took place. "Then you would have to remove the parapet," Winders said, adding the famous rounded facade did not exist during the battle, and was added by the U.S. Army when it took over the abandoned building as a supply depot after Texas joined the union in 1845. Dinnin said there are so many layers of history from the Spanish colonial time, the battle, and the industrial build up of San Antonio into the seventh most populous U.S. city. "It's always a balance," said Kim Barker, Project Manager for Historic Resources for the Texas General Land Office. As to the bustling 21st century community with the hotels and office towers and tourist-oriented businesses crowding in on the historic shrine, Barker says that is also part of the ongoing story of the Alamo. The state recently purchased several buildings in front of the Alamo as part of the long-term plan to re-invent the plaza, and there is talk of demolishing them to give the Alamo more space. But Winders points out some of those buildings were originally developed by Samuel Maverick, one of the founders of Texas whose name coined the term "Maverick," which originally referred to his unbranded cattle herd. "What the Spanish intended was that the Mission be the seed of a community. So it was a success," said Barker. "We need to respect that, at the end of the day, it did its job. It is in the middle of a very large city. And that is also part of the story of the Alamo." http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/10/29/us-texas-alamo-idUSKCN0SN19720151029 (Additional writing by Jon Herskovitz; Editing by Alan Crosby) Sent by John Inclan fromgalveston@yahoo.com |
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"53 Million & One" |
Jerry Ascencio came to California 57 years ago from Mexico. Those early years were defined by struggle and punctuated by periods where he lived in a trailer, worked three jobs and performed in mariachi groups in the underbelly of San Fernando Valley nightlife. But today he stands as an example of why so many come north: He found financial success. He did well in real estate, and is now telling his story in a seemingly unlikely place — the theater. "53 Million & One," details Ascencio's journey from immigrant to entrepreneur. Ascencio, chairman of the National Assn. of Hispanic Real Estate Professionals, a post he uses to promote Latino home ownership, plays himself in the production he co-wrote with a colleague. The live show, which will make a stop Tuesday at the Bowers Museum in Santa Ana, highlights the challenges and experiences that thread the 53 million Latinos living in the United States. "This is not just the Jerry Ascencio story," Ascencio, who owns a real estate brokerage in the Valley, said by phone. "It's the story of every immigrant. Remove the heritage, replace it with another, and it's the same, exact story." Gerardo Ascencio, known as "Jerry" to friends and family, was born in Michoacan, a state in Western Mexico. His father sought better opportunities in America but his application for a visa was declined. He paid a "coyote" to take him across the border and landed in the Valley. His dad worked in a factory to pay for his wife and two children to enter the United States. Three family members remaining in Mexico could not make the journey together. Ascencio was left in the hands of strangers in Tijuana, as his mother and brother joined their father in the Valley. A week later, he reunited with his family. Ascencio went to school and completed eighth grade. At 15, his father sent him back to school in Mexico, where he lived for two years with his grandmother. "My father never allowed me to forget my roots," he said. His father eventually provided the family a good blue collar life, he said, finding employment on an assembly line at General Motors in Van Nuys, where he also made and sold burritos to coworkers at the plant, which is now shuttered. At age 17, Ascencio started teaching English to children, but when his father found out that his son had dropped out of school, he demanded Ascencio return to California and contribute to the family, which had welcomed three more children. The then-teenager worked three jobs — at a fiber glass factory in the morning, playing with mariachi groups at night, and then toiling through the graveyard shift at a gas station with his brother. These and other family stories are shared in the show, including those of Aunt Gloria, a widow with five kids who lived in East Los Angeles. Her children got involved in drugs, gangs and violence. Today two of Ascencio's cousins, Aunt Gloria's children, are dead, and another one is in jail, and their stories were not sugar-coated. "We didn't want this to be a Pollyanna story," Ascencio said, who is married with three children. "We talk about making the wrong choices in America and how a transition can be beautiful for some or how it can break down others." Ascencio said his interest in the real estate industry came from his mother, who watched a talk show on Telemundo about successful entrepreneurs, one of them a Realtor. His mother said the bilingual Ascencio, the neighborhood's official translator for loan documents, eviction notices and letters from the IRS or INS, could make a good living in real estate. Ascencio thought about how his family never owned a home. In fact, there was a time when the family of five lived in a trailer parked in a relative's backyard. After Ascencio obtained his real estate license, he helped his parents put a 20% down payment on a home in Pacoima. "I helped the family achieve a goal, and I remember when we closed escrow, wiggling my toes in the carpet and thinking we had a chimney," said Ascencio, who now has 25 years as a broker under his belt. "It was such an incredibly significant moment in our lives, becoming a part of American society." "53 Million & One" developed when Ascencio and friend Gary Acosta, National Assn. of Hispanic Real Estate Professionals co-founder and CEO saw "Mike Tyson: Undisputed Truth," a documentary highlighting the African-American experience through the boxer's experiences. Ascencio and Acosta talked about Ascencio's story and co-wrote the script. The live show, which has been performed in over American 20 cities, incorporates plenty of music, drawing on its protagonist's background as a Mariachi performer. There's also plenty of American pop in the score. "It's the most priceless moment when someone says they will never look at another immigrant the same way," Ascencio said. "I get floored and humbled." http://www.latimes.com/socal/weekend/news/tn-wknd-et-1101-hispanic-american-theater-20151101-story.html |
The National Association of Latino Independent Producers (NALIP) Welcomes Four New Board Members October 23, 2015 |
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The National Association of Latino Independent Producers (NALIP) is pleased to announce the incoming of four new board members. Each of these individuals represent and excel in key sectors of our media and creative industry. We welcome their passion, dedication, commitment and vision as we continue to move NALIP, its membership and Latino content creators forward. Beatriz is a founding partner and president of mitú, the leading technology-driven media brand focused on creating fresh and innovative content for the mobile generation.
The National Association of Latino Independent Producers
(NALIP) is a national membership organization that addresses the professional needs of Latin@ content creators. NALIP's mission is to promote, advance and advocate for Latino content creators across media. Find out more and support NALIP at
http://nalip.org |
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The 2015 Latino Books Into Movies Award
Winners
The Latino Books into Movies Awards were created for
one reason: To help facilitate the production of more movies and
television shows by and about Latinos.
The 2015 list of the Latino Books into Movies Awards is our largest group thus far for these Awards. |
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Our hard work teams of judges, professionals in various aspects of the film and television industry, were excited about the possibilities of these finalist to become quality entertainment. Copies of all these winning books will be presented to key television networks and movie studios. The Awards were presented in 16 key movie and television categories on November 7th during the 2015 Los Angeles Latino Book & Family Festival at Mount SAC College in Los Angeles County. The event featured a wide variety of workshops and over 60 authors. The Awards are organized by Latino Literacy Now that also produces the Int'l Latino Book Awards and oversees the Int'l Society of Latino Authors.
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On the Eastside, Will.I.Am is Helping L.A.'s Smartest Girl Build Cool Robotics by Robert Pursell November 2, 2015 Cynthia Erenas, 18, of Boyle Heights, beat 32,000 kids to make the national robotics competition, FIRST, and has given a TED Talk. Photo: Courtesy of Cynthia Erenas |
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In the high school circles of L.A.'s Eastside, Cynthia Erenas is something of a poster child for the growing national movement behind ramping up STEM (Science, Engineering, Technology, Math) in public schools where these subjects too often aren't even grasped by the teachers. An 18-year-old senior at Roosevelt High School in Boyle Heights, Erenas, the daughter of Mexican immigrants, went from a struggling student with no plans to go to college to winning national awards and conducting TED Talks — after she found robotics and STEM.
“I always had passion in school,” Erenas told L.A. Weekly. “I
had OK grades, but I struggled until I found an outlet for that
passion.”
For Erenas, that outlet was robotics competitions and hackathons. As
she explained in her TED Talk, it would be this passion that took her
from a Mexican immigrant making bread in Tijuana, struggling to
emigrate to the United States, to an aspiring engineer.
In 2013, she helped organize the first robotics team from Boyle
Heights, the L.A. Streetbots, to compete in the internationally
renowned FIRST (For Inspiration and Recognition of Science and
Technology) robotics competition. Her work led to her winning the
FIRST Dean’s List award for 2015.
Erenas beat out 32,000 applicants to be one of the 10 award winners,
and she was the only winner from California. “That award changed me
as a person,” Erenas said. “It made me realize I’m not just
representing L.A. when I compete in robotics but all of California. So
I need to be successful.”
And the man she has to thank for helping her achieve it is musical
artist Will.i.am.
Will.i.am and Ovation network are trying to raise $100,000 in the next
several days to send Boyle Heights kids to the robotics competition in
St. Louis
Will.i.am and Ovation network are trying to raise $100,000 in the next several days to send Boyle Heights kids to the robotics competition in St. Louis Courtesy of ill.i Optics Hailing from Boyle Heights, Will.i.am has turned his attention to helping support what he calls STEAM (Science, Technology, Education, Arts and Math) education in his hometown. He established the i.am.angel Foundation in 2009, and through it created college scholarships and funded after-school programs (like Erenas’ robotics team) to further his cause.
The way Will.i.am sees it, his interest in science and technology had
an obvious positive influence on his career, and it could be the
catalyst that helps kids from Boyle Heights find high-paying and
transformative career paths.
“Students are the future of this neighborhood, and their future
opportunities to have careers, versus simply jobs, depend on them
having 21st-century skills like math, science, engineering and writing
code,” Will.i.am. told the Weekly. “With strong STEM educations,
students in i.am.angel Foundation programs can also aspire to be the
future employers in Boyle Heights.”
Many in Boyle Heights still proudly proclaim it the barrio, a
decades-old, almost entirely Latino neighborhood where urban legends
are woven into the fabric of the community. Here, Erenas is the center
of locally viral street lore.
When attempting to make contact with her, you hear varying degrees of
earnest fiction uttered by those who know her. Local schoolteachers
say she’s going to MIT next year, while community activists say
it’s a full scholarship to Georgia Tech. In fact, those colleges'
acceptance letters are yet to be mailed.
“I’m applying to a couple engineering schools to study mechanical
or aerospace engineering,” Erenas said, amused by the rumors.
“Georgia Tech and MIT happen to be among those schools.”
Still, the fact that a girl from a working-class neighborhood known
for its largely failing grade schools, middle schools and high schools
could jump from not even considering college to openly aspiring to MIT
shows how STEM classes are transforming kids in underprivileged areas.
The i.am.angel Foundation has joined with the Ovation TV network,
launching a crowdfunding campaign on the website Rockethub to raise
$100,000 in 30 days to help send Boyle Heights students to the 2016
FIRST Robotics competition in St. Louis.
But as of today, they've raised slightly more than $35,000 in 15 days
from 16 donors, four of whom are actually involved in the fundraising
campaign.
The problem, it seems, is getting the word out.
“Many kids aspire to be pro athletes or pop stars but not engineers
or astronauts. This is a national issue, not just a Boyle Heights
issue,” Will.i.am said.
His foundation is raising the money to continue to send teams to the
FIRST Robotics Championships, which they conservatively price at
$24,500 per team each year. Teams in more well-off areas often provide
as much as $50,000 per team per year.
“The U.S. needs to celebrate and honor people who make this country great — scientists, coders, engineers and people who build things,” Will.i.am said. “People are not discouraging STEM skills and careers, but they’re not promoting it either.”
Will.i.am's philosophy is part of a crossover of beliefs shared by
many in both the artistic and the scientific community.
Dr. Karina Edmonds, a nationally recognized expert in technology
transfer at Caltech, where top professors back STEM education, wants
to address the grinding LAUSD problem of ineffective teachers facing
unprepared students.
“We need people to start actively promoting and building up the
importance of engineers and scientists," Edmonds said. "You
don’t often see doctors or engineers being portrayed in a good light
in the media, so instead everybody wants to be a basketball player or
a football player.”
The reality is she is just picking at the seam of a much larger
societal issue.
Schools in less wealthy areas of Los Angeles and California usually
don’t have the same resources to spend on STEM's intensive and
sometimes pricey endeavors. The bottom line is, "East Los"
parents can't raise the kind of outside money that parents in
Brentwood or Encino can.
“Our resources are really low compared to other schools,” Erenas
said. “If you look at the team that always seems to be winning
FIRST, it’s team 1717, and they come from Goleta,” a town where
households earn a lofty $73,271 a year and schools can tap brainpower
of the nearby University of California, Santa Barbara. Goleta high
school students, Erenas says, have so much support that “they’re
usually the most successful team.”
Edmonds thinks those not living in upscale or middle-class areas are
turned off to scientific and engineering education — intimidated by
the thought of it, fearful they might not grasp the concepts. It's not
Marina del Rey or Silver Lake, where every kid has ready access to a
laptop or notepad and, as a result, technical concepts are like a
second skin.
The digital divide is deep in Los Angeles, perpetuated inside LAUSD
schools.
When there's nobody living in a dense, sprawling neighborhood like
Boyle Heights known for succeeding in science, technology, engineering
or math, the emphasis on it shrivels.
“What happens then, is that the majority of people who are successful in STEM careers come from a pretty homogenous background”— heavily white and male, says Caltech's Edmonds, who grew up underprivileged, as an immigrant from the Dominican Republic.
And unlike Teach for America, in which middle-class college grads have
swept into underserved neighborhoods to teach for a few years as
payback for college financing help, the mostly white and male
high-tech grads “end up returning to the same neighborhoods they
grew up in to teach, say, engineering or coding, and STEM industries
continue to lack in diversity.”
With the tech world so homogenous and so neatly divided from the
working class, just 12 percent of the engineering workforce is black
or Latino. And only 24 percent of all engineering jobs are occupied by
women.
“That’s a grave sign for the economic competitiveness of our
country,” Edwards said. “If you continue to ignore this amazing
amount of human capital, and not give them access to STEM careers,
that lack of diversity doesn’t just negatively affect the
lesser-served communities across the nation; it’s a crisis for
society at large.”
Erenas agrees.
“When it comes to engineering and science, out here [on the
Eastside] we’re always told what we can’t do,” Erenas said.
“But once you help build an environment where robotics and
technology and all of it can be fostered, it just becomes natural for
students.
“And we still aren’t there in Boyle Heights, but we’re beginning
to change the community,” the 18-year-old robotics whiz says.
“I’d say right now maybe 40 percent of the school buys into what
we’re doing, but that number keeps growing.”
And so, with 15 days left in the crowdfunding campaign, Will.i.am and
everyone at the i.am.angel Foundation continues to try to raise the
funds they need. Whether they’ll hit $100,000 will boil down to
getting out the word to Angelenos willing to support new-age education
in Boyle Heights, an urban neighborhood once known for gang wars that
has now turned a corner.
Contact: Robert Pursell Follow: L.A. Weekly L.A. Weekly
http://www.laweekly.com/news/on-the-eastside-william-is-helping-las-smartest-girl-build-cool-robotics-6234299 Sent by Howard Shorr Howardshorr@msn.com
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Ana Villafane, shown at the New York premiere of "The Intern" at the Ziegfeld Theater, Sept. 21, 2015, portrays singer Gloria Estefan in "On Your Feet."
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Ana Villafañe is a lifelong fan of Gloria Estefan. She even attended the same Miami, Florida, high school as the seven-time Grammy-winning singer, Our Lady of Lourdes Academy. Now she gets to work with — and to portray — the star in the new musical "On Your Feet," which is based on the lives and music of Estefan and her husband, Emilio. Villafañe learned of a Miami open casting call for the show last year but was not able to attend. She sent the casting office a video and within three days was called to audition for the Estefans and Tony-winning director Jerry Mitchell. Villafañe said her role — her Broadway debut — is not only the fulfillment of a dream but also a big responsibility. “I mean, to be chosen to play this part and to step into these shoes, it’s a huge deal. ... It's not because she’s a star and it’s not because she’s such a diva, which she rightfully is. It’s more, I think, because of the person that she is and what she represents to so many people — to not just the Latin community." Villafañe said Estafan "broke a lot of barriers in being herself and in being herself without being a stereotype, being a cliche.” Josh Segarra, who portrays Emilio Estefan, said that he'd seen cultural barriers shift in theater, where Latin actors and actresses are not defined by their ethnicity and don’t have to fit into stereotypical roles. “We now get to play characters that happen to be Latino," he said. "They happen to be Cuban and happen to be El Salvadoran and happen to be Puerto Rican. And it’s not defining us anymore. So to get to play a man that has broken walls, that has broken barriers — that’s an honor. "You know, I get to kind of live through that a little bit. I get to say some pretty important stuff in this show. We get to share some pretty important moments in this show and we get to live it every night, so as an artist you can only grow from that.” Villafañe said the musical shows some of the struggles the Estefans went through to stay true to their identity and vision. She said Gloria Estefan had told her stories about rejecting certain kinds of stereotypical costuming demands. "She would say, ‘No. I’m going out in leather, and I’m going out in chaps,' and she ... didn’t have to be any certain mold. She created one.” "On Your Feet" features choreography by four-time Drama Desk award nominee and Olivier Award winner Sergio Trujillo. The book is by Academy Award winner Alexander Dinelaris. The score includes original orchestrations by Gloria and Emilio Estefan, and several members of the original Miami Sound Machine are in the orchestra. http://m.voanews.com/a/huge-deal-portray-singer-gloria-estefan-on-your-feet/3030290.html |
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On Your Feet! Emilio and Gloria Estefan
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Opinion: Latino Representation on Broadway Welcome, Overdue by Raul A. Reyes November 6, 2015 When I was a kid, my Aunt Emma used to take me with her when she went to see shows at the Los Angeles Music Center. While I enjoyed these outings, it was like visiting an alien world. We rarely saw other Latinos in the audience, and certainly not on stage. While the shows we saw together were entertaining, they seemed to have no relation to my real life. When I went to school the next day my classmates would have thought I was insane if I mentioned that I saw a play set in the drawing room (whatever that was) of an English country manor, or a musical about a spunky red-haired orphan. But times have changed, and for the better. Broadway is slowly becoming more diverse and inclusive. Now more than ever, Latinos can see themselves in the songs and stories on "The Great White Way," and such progress is as welcome as it is overdue. Gloria and Emilio Estefan's love story hits Broadway 3:51 Last night, the musical On Your Feet! opened on Broadway. Telling the story of Emilio and Gloria Estefan, its creative team includes a nearly all-Latino cast, a Colombian-born choreographer, and the Estefans, who wrote the music and lyrics. On Your Feet! joins Lin-Manuel Miranda's smash hit Hamilton in providing a showcase for Latino performers (Hamilton is a multicultural look at our founding fathers, set to hip-hop music). The fact that these two shows are running simultaneously is a breakthrough. Actors Equity, the union representing stage performers, reports that in the 2013-2014 season, Hispanics accounted for only 2.9 percent of active membership. This small group of performers and aspiring performers is competing for a limited number of jobs; last season, nearly 40 percent of Equity's members earned $5,000 or less. So On Your Feet! and Hamilton are both providing opportunities and visibility for an elite group of artists. While the audiences for film and television show dwarf those of Broadway, live theater nonetheless carries the potential for enormous impact. Many iconic films, from The Sound of Music to Grease, were originally stage musicals. Now consider that Miranda's 2008 hit In The Heights is currently available for licensing to high school and community productions. This means that all across the country, people who may not know any Latinos will be feeling the excitement of Miranda's Tony-winning musical - and learning about Latino culture. People who have never set foot in Washington Heights' vibrant Latino neighborhood will be on stage portraying characters waving the Dominican flag, worrying about abulela, and shouting "Wepa!" How amazing is that? Josh Segarra as 'Emilio Estefan' and Ana Villafane as 'Gloria Estefan' perform at the first performance of 'On Your Feet! The Story Of Emilio And Gloria Estafan' on Broadway at The Marquis Theater on October 5, 2015 in New York City. Bruce Glikas / Getty Images The new crop of Broadway shows represent a sea change in representation. In the past, shows were written about Hispanics (West Side Story), but not by Hispanics. Nor was it unusual for a show with Latino characters not to hire any actual Latino actors; the original Broadway production of Evita, a show set entirely in Argentina, was picketed by the Hispanic Organization of Latin Actors for not hiring Latinos. However, more recently composers like Miranda and playwrights like Nilo Cruz (Anna In The Tropics) have been able to present authentic Hispanic stories featuring Latino actors. Their work is vital for its artistic value, and because it can inspire the next generation of Latino writers, directors, and performers. Somewhere out there in the audience could be the next John Leguizamo, who will go on to a theatrical career of his own. Sure, performers like Chita Rivera, Rita Moreno, and the late Raul Julia enjoyed great success in the theater. Yet Latinos have a long way to go before we are fully represented on Broadway stages. One possible reason for this is that the audience for Broadway shows is overwhelmingly white. According to the Broadway League, almost 80 percent of ticket purchasers last season were Caucasian. That doesn't mean audiences are not interested in shows with Latino themes. In fact, Broadway is having a "diversity moment" right now, with shows featuring Asian-Americans (Allegiance) and African-Americans (The Color Purple) in addition to Latinos. As the New York Times recently noted, we've come a long way from "Tradition" (Fiddler on the Roof) to "Tradición" (On Your Feet!). "Hamilton" Broadway Opening Night - Arrivals And Curtain Call Cast of Hamilton perform at "Hamilton" Broadway Opening Night at Richard Rodgers Theatre on August 6, 2015 in New York City. Neilson Barnard / Getty Images Another barrier for Broadway in terms attracting Latino audiences is the cost factor. Last year, the average price of a Broadway show ticket passed $100 for the first time. So it was great news that the Rockefeller Foundation and the producers of Hamilton announced last month that they would be making 20,000 tickets available to students from urban high schools. The Broadway League has also created "Viva Broadway!", a campaign to reach out to Hispanic audiences. We need more of such efforts, so that our community can share in the magic of live theater. Hispanics succeeding on Broadway is reason to celebrate. At last we are seeing shows about Latinos, for Latinos - and with Latinos. http://www.nbcnews.com/news/latino/opinion-latino-representation-broadway-welcome-overdue-n458241
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Take a book, leave a book: Sharing economy boosts mini libraries all across the countyNov.
12, 2015 |
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NORTH TUSTIN – Catherine Arthur has a new hobby. As she sits on a couch in the North Tustin home where she grew up, reading a mystery or otherwise passing the time, Arthur keeps one eye turned to her bay window. When she catches a visitor stopping at the box mounted in front of her white picket fence, she stays still so as not to spook them. But, inside, 63-year-old Arthur is squealing like a school girl. “I get so excited. I say, ‘Look, someone is at my library!’” Over the summer, Arthur and her husband, John, installed the only Little Free Library in their unincorporated community. Similar outposts are popping up throughout the county. Since the first book exchange was registered locally, in July 2012 – out of a washtub set out in front of a home in Los Alamitos – at least 43 Little Free Libraries have been established in Orange County. They’re part of a worldwide network that’s estimated to include 32,000 free libraries. “I think it’s just such a charming idea,” said Arthur, a retiree who last worked as a secretary at Cal State Fullerton. “You do feel like you’re doing something good for the kids on the street.” Wisconsin resident Todd Bol started the nonprofit Little Free Library program in 2009, when he built a model of a one-room schoolhouse in front of his home, filled it with books and opened it to the public. Anyone can take a book – or two, or five. There’s no obligation to return them, though that’s always welcome. And visitors are encouraged to leave a book or two of their own. The concept has taken hold as part of the sharing economy, with a growing number of people sharing their cars through services like Uber and their homes through platforms such as Airbnb. In the case of libraries, sharing is literal and no money is involved; books trade hands for free. Irvine installed such libraries in four city parks on Nov. 2. The Norman family of Tustin now has three exchanges – one at their home and others outside public offices in Irvine and Santa Ana. And a group of volunteers in San Clemente built a Little Free Library in a community garden. Lisa Morguess first heard about the idea in the spring, when a friend in Nebraska posted a Facebook photo of her own book exchange box. A few months later, Morguess’ husband was pouring concrete and erecting a post along their tree-lined street in Fullerton’s Golden Hill neighborhood. “I just love the idea of sharing books,” Morguess said. She’s been an avid reader all her life, with a self-proclaimed “book-buying addiction” for memoirs and contemporary fiction. So Morguess tries to model that literary passion for her seven children, who range in age from 3 to 18. Both the Morguess family and the Arthurs bought their libraries as kits through the nonprofit LittleFreeLibrary.org, with standard options that range from $150 to $600. There’s even a $1 million model – featuring artwork by Simpsons creator Matt Groening, who will personally deliver the library to its buyer – that’s offered for sale as a fundraiser. Little Free Libraries can be as simple as a book-filled box turned on its side to custom creations, such as the one Jason McEwen installed at his Huntington Beach home. McEwen’s 5-year-old daughter saw the idea on the Disney Channel. “I ended up building one and giving it to my wife for Mother’s Day,” said McEwen, 34, a lawyer who’s currently borrowing “The Martian” from his library. The McEwens’ library includes two boxes: one several feet off the ground, with books for adults and teens, plus an “annex” near the sidewalk with books just for kids. Each of the three McEwen kids helped paint the annex, their dad said. And they regularly run out to borrow books from it or to greet anyone who stops to browse. McEwen has had to make some adjustments along the way to his homemade box, waterproofing around the door and shutting down the operation for a couple days to battle a termite infestation. But things are going smoothly now, with visitors coming in waves as they discover the site. Arthur helped spread the word about her library by making fliers and leaving them on doors around the neighborhood. Others have stumbled on it while walking by. And anyone can visit the nonprofit’s website to find their closest Little Free Library. Library “stewards,” as they’re called, also have formed their own support community. They get access to a private Facebook group, plus a newsletter with tips and a peek at books coming out soon. Recently, a woman who has a Little Free Library at her home in Walnut came by and packed the Morguess’ box with books, with titles that include the novel “Revolutionary Road” and a handbook on golf. For Tustin resident Arthur – who grew up reading constantly and regularly visiting area libraries – the effort is all about literacy. Visits to public libraries are down slightly statewide per capita over the past 10 years, according to data from the California State Library. Local book stores and major retail chains continue to shut down, with IBISWorld reporting the industry shrank by about 7 percent from 2010 to 2015. Little Free Library stewards hope their effort might pick up some of that slack, putting books back into the hands of young people, in particular. “I would like to see more kids reading books,” Arthur said. “Hopefully, it will start a little trend.” http://www.ocregister.com/articles/library-691919-books-free.html
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THINK BEFORE YOU DONATE!
SOMETHING
TO THINK ABOUT BEFORE YOU MAKE
CONTRIBUTIONS:
|
|
The
American Red Cross |
MARCH
OF DIMES |
The
United Way |
UNICEFCEO:
Caryl M. Stern
receives $1,200,000 per year,
plus all expenses including a
ROLLS ROYCE. |
GOODWILL
CEO
and owner Mark Curran
profits $2.3 million a year. You donate to him and he sells them. $0.00 goes to help anyone! |
|
Instead, give
it to ANY OF THE FOLLOWING
GO
"GREEN"
AND PUT YOUR MONEY WHERE IT
WILL DO SOME GOOD:
|
|
The
Salvation Army
Commissioner,
Todd Bassett receives a small salary
of only
$13,000
per year(plus housing) for managing
this $2 billion dollar organization.
96%
of donated $ go to the
cause.
|
The
American Legion
National
Commander receives a $0.00
zero salary.
Your
donations go to help Veterans and
their families and youth!
|
Veterans of Foreign Wars.
National
Commander receives a $0.00
zero salary.
Your
donations go to help Veterans, their families
& youth!
|
The
Disabled American Veterans
National
Commander receives a $0.00
zero salary. Your
donations go to help Veterans and
their families and youth!
|
The
Military Order of Purple Hearts
National
Commander receives a $0.00 zero salary.
Your
donations go to help Veterans and
their families and youth!
|
|
The
Vietnam Veterans Association
National
Commander
receivesa $0.00 zero salary.
Your
donations go to help Veterans and
their families and youth!
|
Make
a Wish:
For children's last wishes.
100%
goes to funding trips or special
wishes for a dying child.
|
St.
Jude Research Hospital
100%
goes towards funding and helping
Children with Cancer who have no
insurance and cannot afford to pay.
|
Ronald
McDonald Houses
All
monies go to running the houses for
parents who have critically ill
Children in the hospital.
100%
goes to housing, and feeding the
families.
|
Lions
Club International
100%
of donations go to help the
blind, buy hearing aides, support
medical missions around the world.
Their latest undertaking is measles
vaccinations.
Only
$1.00 per shot.
|
| Sent by J. Gilberto Quezada jgilbertoquezada@yahoo.com
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| Enough's Enough: It's Time to Save Orange County,
CA Chicano Murals by Gustavo Arellano Coach Tom Flores Should be in the Professional Football Hall of Fame Public History Project: Refusing to Forget: US-Mexico border between 1915-1920 The Hispanic Link Legacy Project by Armando Rodriguez Victory at Last by Daisy Wanda Garcia Felix Longoria Texas Historical Marker reinstalled last week Text of Longoria plaque Justice for Menchaca fundraiser reached its goal. Proposal to Enhance Founders’ Day by Joe Antonio Lopez |
| Enough's Enough: It's Time to Save Orange County,
California's Chicano Murals By Gustavo Arellano Wed., Nov. 18 2015 Gunkist Memories |
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It's time we collectively
care, collectively treasure OC's Chicano murals.
Sometime in October, workers whitewashed a Mexican-themed mural in Santa Ana that had adorned the two-story offices of Spanish-language weekly Excelsior for more than a decade. It was a simple--even trite--thing, really, purporting to depict a day in the life of this most Mexican of cities: a mom with a baby stroller, fruit vendors and a student reaching for the sky, with everyone walking in front of yet another mural showing baile folklorico, a soccer player and a mariachi.
The elements and time remain the most obvious enemy, but a far more pernicious foe has emerged in the past 15 years: indifference. Few people care about fundraising to preserve the Chicano murals, assuming they'll stand forever. New developments level the buildings and walls that offered a home, as a new generation consider the faded relics blighted. More ominously, politicians, police officers and landlords now decry these once-accepted landmarks as divisive, seeking to have them criminalized--or just destroyed.
Natural wear and tear inspired fully funded restoration projects in the early 1990s, usually done by the original artists. But it was all a façade. Fact is, Orange County has a long, nasty history of fighting Mexican-themed murals. In the late 1930s, trustees with the Fullerton Union High School District ordered a WPA-commissioned mural in the city's Plummer Auditorium painted over, deeming it "vulgar" for showing a big-bosomed Mexican woman. And by the beginning of this century, those old ways were in full force.
The war against Chicano murals has only escalated since. In 2008, then-Fullerton City Council member Shawn Nelson (now an OC Supervisor) said during a council meeting, "We need to get rid of that crap, like, right now," referring to a Lemon Street overpass filled with pachucos, lowriders and a woman in a sombrero. Nelson claimed they promoted gangs--never mind that the mural was painted in 1978 as a project by an anti-graffiti initiative or that a council member at the time told the Fullerton Tribune, "This is one of the happiest days of [my] life, where the . . . community can organize and get together to make their community better." In San Juan Capistrano, a mural originally painted in 1994 to promote solidarity between Mexican and white students after a spate of racist incidents became a flashpoint for parents and anti-immigrant activists fighting the district's Latino outreach.
And those are just the famous cases. Others have disappeared with little fanfare: another Vasquez mural that adorned a Mexican restaurant that stood across the street from Glover Stadium in Anaheim, destroyed early last decade. One depicting Aztec mythology at Tustin High School, painted in the late 1970s by the school's MEChA chapter, mysteriously disappeared last decade. Those that remain are a collection of flakes and chips; Vasquez's magnum opus, Memories of the Past and Images of the Present, which stretches across the outside of a liquor store in Anaheim and was created to commemorate the Little People's Park Riot of 1978, is little more than ghostly outlines now. And just this year, El Patio in Capistrano Beach planted bushes that will obscure a mural dating back to the 1970s featuring a UFW flag, an Aztec pyramid and more (poor Emiliano Zapata's face is now covered by what resembles a spruce).
Some people care. Emigdio Vasquez's son Higgy successfully restored the Cypress Street mural that the district attorney's office tried to criminalize. The daughter of O'Cadiz, Maria del Pilar O'Cadiz, has started lecturing about her father's oeuvre (see "Sergio O'Cadiz: El Artist," Oct. 4, 2012). Community groups have reignited the mural movement in Santa Ana, although most of their results are defanged of any radical meaning. And the California Historical Society is researching a proposal to host an exhibit on Southern California's contested Chicano murals, an initiative they've asked me to weigh in on (my words to them: 'bout damn time).
Really, all we can do is be vigilant. The Visual Artists Rights Act of 1990 requires landlords who wish to destroy public art give the artist 90 days notice; violation of that can lead to legal action (in a famous LA case, the creator of a nine-story-tall mural depicting the artist Ed Ruscha won $1.1 million in 2008). Protect them from desecration, from vandals rich and not.
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I received an email from Chris Martinez who explains that he and others [Professors: Theresa A. Martinez, Frederick Luis Aldama, Christopher Gonzalez, Jorge Iber] believe Thomas Raymond "Tom" Flores (born March 21, 1937) a retired American football quarterback and coach, should be included in the Professional Football Hall of Fame. After reading Flores' bio and accomplishments, my question is WHY isn't he in the Professional Football Hall of Fame? Of coaches in the modern era, only Vince Lombardi has a higher playoff winning percentage, Flores is number two. Ranked second, as a Head Coach won his first Super Bowl in his Second year Ranked second, with 83 wins Second-Most in Raider franchise history Ranked second, All-Time Coach/Player combined Super Bowl/Championship wins, in the history of Professional Football Ranked third, All-Time Head Coach Super Bowl wins in the history of Professional Football Ranked third, All-Time Coach/Player combined Super Bowl wins, in the history of Professional Football In the 95 YEAR HISTORY PROFESSIONAL FOOTBALL, Tom Flores is one of only four Latino Head Coaches in the history of Professional Football. FIRST: Hispanic Starting Professional Football Quarterback FIRST: Hispanic Professional Football Quarterback to win a Championship FIRST: Hispanic Professional Football Quarterback to win a Super Bowl FIRST: Hispanic and Minority Assistant Coach in Professional Football History to win a Super Bowl FIRST: Hispanic and Minority Head Coach in Professional Football History to win a Super Bowl FIRST: Hispanic and Minority and Only Head Coach in Professional Football History to win two (2) Super Bowls FIRST: Hispanic and Minority Front Office Personnel in Professional Football History FIRST: Hispanic and Minority and Only General Manager in Professional Football History FIRST: Hispanic and Minority and Only Team President in Professional Football History In considering All the Great Coaches Past and Present, Tom Flores was . . FIRST: Coach to win a Super Bowl as a Wild-Card Team FIRST: The Professional Football Hall of Fame officially recognized the very First Wild-Card win as "Tough Odds" FIRST: Super Bowl Highest winning percentage 1.000 - No losses FIRST: 1973 to Present Highest Playoff winning percentage overall other Coaches, he's Number 1 FIRST: The Professional Football Hall of Fame officially recognizes him among the "First Hispanic Assistant Coaches" FIRST: The Professional Football Hall of Fame officially recognizes him among the "First Hispanic Head Coaches" FIRST: Hispanic and Minority Assistant Coach of the Oakland Raiders FIRST: Hispanic and Minority Head Coach of the Oakland Raiders FIRST: Hispanic and Minority Head Coach of the Los Angeles Raiders FIRST: Hispanic and Minority Head Coach of the Seattle Seahawks FIRST: Winningest Super Bowl Raider Coach in Franchise History FIRST: The Only Coach to ever win Super Bowls with the same Team in two (2) different cities Coach Flores had already earned all of his Super Bowl victories Before Coach Walsh, Coach Gibbs reached their 2nd Super Bowl Two sites with more raw data of Flores' accomplishments, go to: http://pfhof.blogspot.com/ and http://thebrief1.blogspot.com Why isn't Tom Flores already included on the Professional Football Hall of Fame? Why? Ask yourself that question, why? In a couple of years Tom Flores will be 80 years old. He has dedicated his life to football. His career is outstanding. It would be a historically inaccurate history of professional football in the United States to not include Tom Flores in the Hall of Fame. It certainly raises questions, why? Is this another example of the continuing exclusion from United States history of the early Mexican presence in the Southwest.? Tom Flores was born in Fresno, California. Tom Flores deserves to be included in the Professional Football Hall of Fame. Please contact Christopher Martinez at cmj2nc@aol.com and add your name and voice to support this effort.
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| Upcoming Bullock Texas State History Museum Exhibit Dear friends and colleagues, I write to you today to let you know about a public history project called Refusing to Forget that I've been working on as part of a team of historians of Texas over the past two years. In essence it is the centennial remembrance of the violence that occurred along the US-Mexico border between 1915-1920. The impact of this event upon South Texas cannot be overestimated. As a result of the last armed insurrection of Tejanos against state authorities and the disproportionate collective punishment of the Tejano community by the Texas Rangers and vigilante posses, the racial polarization between Anglo and Tejano was cemented for decades to come. At its height, the New York Times and other newspapers feared an all-out race war, and most of the pre-WWI US Army occupied the lower Rio Grande Valley for some time. Even after the crisis of July-November 1915 passed, numerous extra-judicial executions of Tejanos by state authorities continued for several years, ending only with the reorganization of the Texas Rangers brought about by state representative José Tómas (J.T.) Canales’s legislative investigation of the Rangers in 1919. This included the 1917 Porvenir massacre in far west Texas. Even Walter Prescott Webb, the hagiographer of the Rangers during the 1930s, estimated that 3,000-5,000 victims died during this bloody period. These events today are largely known only by academics and the familial descendants of those killed. The group of historians that I am part of believe that it is time, on the occasion of the centennial of these events, to make this neglected story of Texas known to a wider public. We have entered into a partnership with the Bullock State History Museum to develop and host an exhibit, currently scheduled for early 2016. This exhibit would then travel throughout Texas for the next several years; we would conduct lectures and symposia wherever we can. We would plan to have the stories of descendants be an integral part of this process. Finally, we are submitting proposals for roadside markers over the next several years to ensure a permanent presence for these stories in the communities where they occurred. The Bullock also plans to keep web-based resources associated with the exhibit for wide educational use. The first round of media coverage appeared in the Austin American-Statesman this past April. We have started a Facebook page in addition to the website, Refusingtoforget.org. Here’s the link to the January 2016 opening at the Bullock State History Museum. The exhibit will run from January 23, 2016—April 3, 2016. For further background, here is an interview I did with David Martin Davies of Texas Public Radio on the borderlands violence of 1910-1920 and for 15 Minute History Podcast on the Borderlands War, 1915-1920, also at Somos en Escrito. We are working to have the exhibit travel around the state and nation under the auspices of the Smithsonian Institutes Traveling Exhibit Services (SITES). Please feel free to distribute to interested parties. Thanks for your interest and support, John Morán González, Ph.D. Associate Professor of English Associate Director | Center for Mexican American Studies The University of Texas at Austin Sent by J. Gilberto Quezada jgilbertoquezada@yahoo.com |
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Saludos! The weekend following my 94th birthday, Hector brought his father, my old friend and confederate, Charlie Ericksen, to the house for a great visit over lunch with me and Bea. And, apart from catching up on news and chisme about our friends and allies from the decades of our work and struggles in the movimiento, our discussion came to be centered on the work necessary to preserve the legacy of The Hispanic Link collection of articles, interviews and research (1980 – 2013) as an archival narrative of our history articulated by nuestras voces – in our own voices. I am asking each of you to participate in this effort - to give a little or to dig deep - as your budget may allow. It is an important responsibility we hold to move our history forward for the generations who follow. Bea and I are making a personal contribution and ask that you join with us in supporting this project. Hector Ericksen has established a GOFUNDME account for contributions at: https://www.gofundme.com/HispanicLinkLegacy OR, you can save them the processing fee by sending a check payable to Hector Ericksen, 2329 Altisma Way, Carlsbad, CA 92009.
This project is an enormous undertaking but, together we can make it happen. Ahora, let’s get this done!
For more information on Charlie Erickson's activism, click |
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Last week the elusive Longoria marker was erected in front of city hall in Three Rivers, Texas. According to the Progress, the local newspaper... the mayor, members of the Longoria family and some other dignitaries were present at this ceremony. About two months ago, I heard that the marker was MIA from its initial location in front of the Rice Funeral home. As time passed, and there were conflicting reports, I questioned where the marker was and why it was moved. I was informed that the marker was damaged in an alleged collision by a stereotypical woman driver and a police report was allegedly filed. However, in a letter to Santiago Hernandez the Three Rivers police department wrote that there was no police report. The next account was the marker was in an undisclosed “safe” place. Later it was allegedly transported to Austin, Texas, to the Historical Commission. But the marker never made it to Austin and instead was diverted to San Antonio and then back to Three Rivers. The Texas Historical Commission was also unsure of the location of the marker as well. Where was the marker? Finally the marker resurfaced in Three Rivers. Again, I enquired about when and where the marker would be placed. Employees of the city in Three Rivers had no information about where and when the marker would be dedicated, though this was a public information request. My calls were never returned. Finally an article appeared in the Three Rivers paper about the dedication. Ironically, the very individuals who tried to stop the marker from being erected initially are now claiming ownership-the same individuals who denied that the incident ever occurred even if historians said otherwise. I laugh when I think of the subterfuge which the Three Rivers crew went through to keep from disclosing public information and to avoid notifying Santiago Hernandez, John Valadez and myself about the marker dedication. I will have nightmares about the missing marker until I see it with my own eyes. Now that the marker is up what is the next step? The glaring issue remains that the marker is placed in a location without historical relevance. It should have been returned to its original location in front of the now demolished Rice funeral home? One excuse is the new owner did not want the marker on his land even when he bought it knowing the marker was on the land. The marker was tampered with even if it is the property of the state of Texas. This exception to the rule now opens endless possibilities for others to tamper with other historical markers…perhaps the one in front of the Alamo? So the question is “Why is this a victory? Merely because the marker was finally erected in Three Rivers, Texas! Thanks to the numerous inquiries from interested parties I feel the elusive Longoria marker would have never seen the light of day. Below is a copy of the article about the marker dedication appearing in the Progress for your amusement. |
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Felix Longoria Texas Historical
Marker reinstalled last week October 28, 2015 Tres Rios Nuevas by Celia Ruiz The Progess, October 28, 2015 |
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| Saturday, April 17, 2010, when the Texas Historical Commission and Santiago Hernandez, chairman of the American GI Forum- Pvt. Felix Longoria Chapter of Corpus Christi and former Mayor James Liska dedicated the Felix Longoria Texas Historical marker in front of the former Rice Manor Funeral Home in Three Rivers, (owned by Olivia Parker, herself also a U.S. veteran.) Hoping for the funeral home to be renovated, Ms. Parker donated it to the late David Darling. Speaking with Tammy Martinez, Dave Darling's daughter, it was clearly understood that renovations for such an old funeral home were impossible, and it became the property of Richard Dockery Real Estate. By May 14, 2014, we knew that the funeral home was going to be demolished, and my sister Pauline Garcia and I went to take historical photos of the marker and the funeral home which was since intact. By May 24, 2014, I returned to take a last photo of the completely cleared area where the funeral home used to be. The marker was still intact, but it ended an era of historical significance. By March 2015, a police report was filed when the historical marker in the now parking lot was damaged when a car backed into it. When I asked Rosie Forehand, city administrator, she informed me that it had been sent for repair and a new site was being looked into (The new property owner requested that the historical marker be reinstalled at a safe location elsewhere in town.). |
At 10 a.m., we gathered by the flagpole and recited the pledge of allegiance prior to Mayor Sam Garcia and Live Oak County Judge Jim Huff unveiling the marker. Judge Huff's words are inspiring and with his permission, I want to share his speech. "As we gather today at this new site for the Felix Longoria marker, much has been written about his death. Let us also remember about his life. It was his service to our country that is also important. It was his sacrifice we should always remember. Felix Longoria of Three Rivers, Texas was a soldier in World War II. Like many others, he lost his life in a war on our behalf. If it were not for our military protecting our God-given freedom, our lives would be drastically different. Are we thankful for the right to gather here today? Do we realize the immense honor it is to gather under a flag that in order to remain flying, has cost the lives of many? And as we write about Felix Longoria, are we thankful for freedom of free speech? Many men and women from our town fought for these freedoms we take and enjoy every day. Some return home to us, and we are thankful. Some return to us with their life as we know life, at an end. In honoring Felix Longoria and what he did for us, we honor those like him. If there was ever a time we should all band together and be thankful for our nation, the one Felix fought for, it is now. Conflict and war are prevalent around our world to the point it does not seem possible. In gathering here |
today, let
us stand shoulder to shoulder; give thanks for our great nation and firmly resolve to remember
and be grateful for those who died for the Country we many times take for granted. To Felix
and all our fallen soldiers, you have done your duty." In my mind, three veterans stood out that day, Felix Longoria, Olivia Parker and Tom Kennedy. I also remembered Adela Cerra, daughter of Pvt. Felix Longoria who unveiled the historical marker to honor her father on April 17, 2010, and Sara Posas, sister to Beatrice Longoria, (the deceased wife of Felix Longoria,) who read the inscription in 2010. I truly feel as Mayor Garcia emphasized, this new location (approved by the Longoria family) is located at the city square, under the illuminated United States Flag and across a bench where people are welcome to come and sit and visit. I want to add what I wrote on April 2010, "Both Tom Kennedy and Felix Longoria had things in common. Both fought in World War II; both married Texas women; both had a younger daughter and both showed an unusual degree of consideration towards others. In my opinion, I feel both Tom Kennedy (owner of the funeral home) and Felix Longoria were good family men and husbands who loved their wives and whose daughters, Adela and Susan were the love of their lives. The two wreaths (in 2010) bearing their names reflect their patriotism, and I hope we will continue to honor that." (The Pvt. Felix Longoria Texas Historical Marker is the property of the State of Texas.) Adios! |
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| Three Rivers Mayor Sam Garcia added his remarks to those of
Judge Jim Huff and Live Oak County Historical Commission, President Leslie Walker at the unveiling of the repaired Felix Longoria historical marker in its new location at Three Rivers City Hall on Thursday. |
The Longoria historical marker on May 14, 2014, before the demolition of the funeral home .
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http://margaritojgarcia.blogspot.com/2015/09/the-three-rivers-project-series.html
When previously putting that series together, I had tried to find out if anyone knew what was inscribed in the Texas Historical bronze plaque (about Felix Longoria) at the Three Rivers, Texas commemorative site, but no one was able to tell me. I finally contacted the office of the Texas Historical Commission and I inquired about the language on the plaque. Below are the words inscribed on the plaque at Three Rivers, Texas. Enjoy.
Texas
Historical Commission staff (BB), 1/22/2010, rev 1/28/10 27”
X 42” Official Texas Historical Marker with post Live
Oak County (Job #09LK01) Subject
(Atlas ) UTM: 14 580236E 3148271N Location:
Three Rivers, 205 Thornton Street FELIX
LONGORIA THE
FUNERAL RITES OF THREE RIVERS NATIVE FELIX LONGORIA ADVANCED PUBLIC
DEBATE ON THE STATUS AND RIGHTS OF MEXICAN-AMERICANS AND MILITARY
VETERANS. PRIVATE FIRST CLASS LONGORIA ENLISTED IN THE U.S. ARMY IN NOV.
1944 AND WAS KILLED DURING THE BATTLE OF LUZON IN THE PHILIPPINES. HIS
PARENTS RECEIVED HIS POSTHUMOUS MEDALS, WHILE HIS WIFE AND DAUGHTER
MOVED TO CORPUS CHRISTI AFTER THE WAR. LONGORIA’S REMAINS WERE
REPATRIATED IN 1948, AND HIS WIDOW BEATRICE RECEIVED A TELEGRAM
REQUESTING A BURIAL SITE. IN JAN. 1949, SHE MET WITH THE OWNER AND
UNDERTAKER OF THREE RIVERS’ ONLY FUNERAL HOME (AT THIS SITE) TO
DISCUSS ARRANGEMENTS. THE MEN REFUSED TO HOST A WAKE IN THE FUNERAL HOME
CHAPEL, SUGGESTING LONGORIA’S FAMILY HOME WOULD BE MORE SUITABLE. THE
DECISION WAS WIDELY INTERPRETED TO BE RACIALLY BASED; AT THE TIME,
SEPARATION BETWEEN ANGLO AND MEXICAN-AMERICAN CITIZENS WAS COMMONPLACE
AND CODIFIED BY STATE AND FEDERAL LAWS. BEATRICE
AND HER FAMILY TURNED TO DR. HECTOR GARCÍA, WHO HAD FORMED THE AMERICAN
G.I. FORUM IN CORPUS CHRISTI THE PREVIOUS YEAR TO PROMOTE RIGHTS FOR
RETURNING VETERANS. GARCÍA CONTACTED STATE AND FEDERAL OFFICIALS AND
MEMBERS OF NATIONAL RADIO AND NEWS MEDIA FOR ASSISTANCE. U.S. SENATOR
LYNDON JOHNSON ARRANGED TO BURY LONGORIA IN ARLINGTON NATIONAL CEMETERY;
FAMILY MEMBERS AND GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS FROM THE U.S. AND MEXICO
ATTENDED HIS FUNERAL THERE ON FEB. 16, 1949. THE “LONGORIA AFFAIR”
RECEIVED WIDESPREAD COVERAGE IN THE U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL PRESS AND
BROUGHT AN OFFICIAL INVESTIGATION BY THE TEXAS LEGISLATURE. THE AMERICAN
G.I. FORUM AND SEN. JOHNSON GAINED NATIONAL RECOGNITION AND REMAINED AT
THE CENTER OF CIVIL RIGHTS CAUSES AND POLITICS IN THE ENSUING DECADES.
ULTIMATELY, THIS LOCAL AND PRIVATE EVENT AFFECTED THE NATIONAL
CONVERSATION ON CIVIL RIGHTS, POLITICS AND PATRIOTISM.
(2009)
MARKER
IS PROPERTY OF THE STATE OF TEXAS Sent
by Margarito Garcia, Ph.D. Aicragjm1205@aol.com
who writes:
Texas
Historical Commission staff (BB), 1/22/2010, rev 1/28/10 27”
X 42” Official Texas Historical Marker with post Live
Oak County (Job #09LK01) Subject
(Atlas ) UTM: 14 580236E 3148271N Location: Three Rivers, 205 Thornton Street
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Justice for Menchaca fundraiser reached its goal. What? Simply, the group's goal is to stop a long-lasting injustice to a great Texas hero, Jose Antonio Menchaca of San Antonio, Texas.
. . . . the spelling of his name.
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| To All: The following is provided FYI. Saludos, José Antonio “Joe” López www.TejanosUnidos.org Most Excellent News!
Thanks to the awesome efforts of Judge Bob Perkins (Retired), the
Justice for Menchaca fundraiser reached its goal. Now, it’s all
a matter of getting the necessary paperwork filed with the City of
Austin and indeed, justice will be done. Thank you Judge Bob and
all contributors and supporters who helped make it possible. ¡Un
paso a la vez, pero adelante, siempre adelante!
(One step at a time, but moving forward, always forward!) |
| Mimi, below is a copy of a letter I’ve sent to the Webb County Heritage Foundation in Laredo, Texas. Enclosure 1 of the letter contains the justification for a proposal I’m making to the foundation.
Thank you. Saludos, Joe López October 12, 2015 |
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Webb County Heritage Foundation Ms. Margarita Araiza, Executive Director P.O. Box 446 Laredo, Texas 78042 As a member of the Foundation and with all due respect, I am proposing an “Abrazos de Alegría” event to enhance Laredo’s Founders’ Day. It’s an idea that has been 167 years in the making. I make this proposal in view of two related occurrences: (l) The recent conclusion and success of the 36th Texas State Hispanic Genealogical and Historical Conference in Laredo; and (2) this year’s remembrance of Laredo’s 260th anniversary. |
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| Guests sign in for the 36th Texas State Hispanic Genealogy and Historical Conference, Laredo, Texas, Oct 8-11, 2015 |
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Conference
members enjoying a Roma, Texas high school student's early Texas heritage dance program, one of the many special events. |
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For the first time ever, many genealogists of Hispanic-descent from throughout the country that attended the conference became aware of Las Villas del Norte and their vital role in the development of this great place we call Texas. Also, they learned (a) Nuevo León is the birth state of Laredo’s founder, Capitán Tomás Sánchez; and (b) that the states of Coahuila and Nuevo Santander (Tamaulipas) played key roles in the settlement of what is now South Texas. Properly so, the conference featured speakers who are Las Villas del Norte descendants from Northern Mexico. Thus, I am proposing that the new event serve as a symbolic reuniting of Las Villas del Norte descendants from both sides (ambos lados) of the lower Rio Grande, and that it be formalized in future Founders’ Day commemorations. The proposal is attached. Thank you. Very Respectfully José Antonio López jlopez8182@satx.rr.com
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| November 6th, 1528 -- Castaways begin amazing journey November 7th, 1835 -- The Consultation takes a step toward the Texas Declaration of Independence October 28th, 1835 -- Battle of Concepcion ignites siege of Bexar No Más Bebés, documentary The Last Viceroy by Jose Antonio Lopez Recuerdos de La Historia: La Leyenda Negra. El Mito de La Sinrazon |
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November 6th, 1528 -- Castaways begin amazing journey |
On this day in 1528, some eighty survivors of the Narváez expedition washed up on an island off the Texas coast. The castaways included Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca and three other men: the slave Estevanico, Alonso Castillo Maldonado, and Andrés Dorantes de Carranza. These "four ragged castaways" became the first non-Indians to tread on Texas soil and live to tell their remarkable story. Cabeza de Vaca, born about 1490 in Spain, recovered from an almost fatal illness shortly after landing on the coast and then traveled the Texas coast and interior as a trader with native groups, including the Karankawas. The Indians revered him as a medicine man. He eventually rendezvoused with the three other survivors, and their journey ended when they arrived at the Spanish outpost of Culiacán near the Pacific Coast of Mexico in 1536. Cabeza de Vaca’s account of his amazing odyssey in his Relación detailed valuable ethnographic, geographic, and biotic information on Texas. He died in Spain in the mid-1550s. Copyright © 2015 Texas State Historical Association, All rights reserved. |
| November 7th, 1835 -- The Consultation takes a step toward the Texas Declaration of Independence On this day in 1835, at San Felipe, the Consultation adopted the Declaration of November 7, 1835, a statement of causes for taking up arms against Mexico preliminary to the Texas Declaration of Independence. The document declared that the Texans had taken up arms in defense of their rights and liberties and the republican principles of the Mexican Constitution of 1824. Among other assertions, the declaration stated that Texas was no longer bound by the compact of union, that Texans would not cease to carry on war against the Centralist troops in Texas, that the Texans had the right to establish an independent government, and that Texas would reward with lands and citizenship those who volunteered their services to her in the struggle. http://tshaonline.us7.list-manage1.com/track/click?u=9ac611cecaa72c69cecc26cb8&id=1eac921de2&e=3967c4da92 Copyright © 2015 Texas State Historical Association, |
October 28th, 1835 -- Battle of Concepción ignites siege of BexarOn this day in 1835, Texans and Mexicans skirmished near San Antonio at the battle of Concepción, the opening engagement in the siege of Bexar. Some ninety Texans under the command of James Bowie and James W. Fannin, Jr., defeated a force of 275 Mexican soldiers and two cannons. Mexican losses included fourteen killed and thirty-nine wounded, some of whom died later. Texas losses included one killed and one wounded. Source: Texas State Historical Association |
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No Más Bebés |
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"No Más Bebés," a new documentary about Los Angeles County General Hospital's sterilization abuse against Latinas, is set to premiere at the Los Angeles Film Festival this month. The film tells the story of Madrigal v. Quilligan, a historic lawsuit filed by10 Mexican-American women who had been sterilized in the early '70s after having emergency Cesarean sections. Some
of the women didn’t know that they'd undergone tubal ligations until Antonia
Hernandéz, a Latina lawyer just one year out of law school, began
contacting them. She'd gotten their names from Bernard Rosenfeld, a
young white L.A. County resident who witnessed and condemned the
abuse. Their suit named the hospital, the residents who
performed their procedures and the state and federal governments. Why
now? Renee Tajima-Peña nomasbebesmovie@gmail.com
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The
Last Viceroy |
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What
little is taught in U.S. and Texas history books about Mexico’s
independence implies that in a spontaneous outburst, the Mexican
people exploded against Spanish tyranny. In truth, the story is much
more extensive than that. Spanish passion in Europe against absolute
monarchs directly led to Mexico’s own independence in America. Yet,
Father Miguel Hidalgo’s “Grito” story is typically presented as
detached from those outside influences. Rather
than occurring in a vacuum, the quest for autonomy equally originates
in Spain. It’s there where liberalism fervor had produced results,
such as the establishment of the legislative Cádiz cortes
generales (Chamber of Deputies). That’s
why, in addition to Mexico’s homegrown heroes Hidalgo, Morelos,
Dominguez, Aldama, Guerrero, Iturbide, et
al, the name of an unlikely independence ally, Viceroy
O’Donojú can be added to the list. Truly, O’Donojú exemplifies
the many Spanish citizens who first formed the freedom path,
questioning the divine rights of kings. Also,
the 1807-1814 Peninsular War and the Spanish Constitution of 1812 were
big factors. They’re partially the reason why September is a month
of independence, not only in Mexico, but in other American countries,
as well. Most
of what we learn in the classroom about viceroys is limited and is
usually enveloped in negative terms. Generally, it’s suggested that
such officials represent Spain’s monarchial power. Thus, one gets
the clear impression that occupiers of the position were ruthless,
ambitious bureaucrats, unquestionably obedient to the decadent whims
of the Spanish king. However, in Viceroy O’Donojú, the opposite is
true. Juan
O’Donojú was born in Seville, Spain, of Irish-descent parents
(Irish Name: O’Donoghue). He was a liberal who dedicated his life to
balancing service to the king on one hand, and in the other, his
belief in liberty. His principles were similar to those of another New
Spain Viceroy, General Bernardo Gálvez. O’Donojú counted Spanish
General Rafael del Riego as a close friend. (General Riego is
one of the initial liberalism movement leaders in the early 1800s.) As
General Gálvez, Juan joined the military at an early age. His
superiors first noticed him during the Peninsular War. That military
engagement was initiated by the Spanish people against Napoleon
Bonaparte’s decision to add Spain to the French Empire.
Specifically, the war for national identity in Spain was the result of
Napoleon installing his brother Joseph to the Spanish throne,
replacing Fernando VII de Borbón, the legitimate monarch. Being
bilingual, O’Donojú was appointed as interpreter between the
strong-willed Spanish forces commander, General Gregorio Garcia de la
Cuesta, and Irish-born General Arthur Wellesley, First Duke of
Wellington, one of Britain’s foremost military geniuses. (For the
record, Spain and England allied themselves (and Portugal) against
France, ensuring victory in 1814.) A
fortunate result of the Peninsular Wars was the key role of the Cádiz
cortes generales. Through this chamber, civilian leaders
established a constitutional government body with two aims. First,
unite the citizens against French occupation; and second, set in
motion a people’s legislature to run national affairs, replacing the
old absolute power Spanish kingdom. After
the Peninsular Wars, O’Donojú became minister of war and later,
aide de camp to Rey Fernando VII. Then, the cortes generales
appointed Lt. General O’Donojú as New Spain Viceroy. As soon
as he arrived in Veracruz, he realized that the same passion for
freedom in Spain had engulfed almost the entire span of New Spain.
True to his ideals, he began a dialogue with the revolutionaries. General
O’Donojú proved to be a focused overseer. He had just arrived in
Veracruz in July 1821 and by August, he arranged to meet with rebel
General Agustín de Iturbide. The result was the Treaty of Córdoba,
establishing the First Mexican Empire, a constitutional monarchy. He
then skillfully managed an orderly Spanish army withdrawal. Together,
O’Donojú and Iturbide achieved the transfer of power, not as
adversaries, but as co-creators of peace for Mexico. Thus, they
avoided a bloody military confrontation. It’s as if U.S. General
Washington and British General Cornwallis had avoided fighting the
Battle of Yorktown by talking first and then arranging a peaceful U.S.
independence. Initially,
the Mexican crown was offered to Fernando VII, but he declined, since
he was again King of Spain. It’s suspected that Iturbide manipulated
this part of the treaty so that he could take the throne himself.
After much political maneuvering, Iturbide did just that in May 1822.
His rule was brief though; serving as Mexico’s emperor less than one
year. O’Donojú
had been in Mexico for about two and a half months. Yet, his astute
character as a liberal-minded official swiftly ensured Mexican
independence. Today, he would’ve been considered for the Nobel Peace
Prize for his statesmanship, courage, and wisdom. Regrettably,
his brilliant negotiating skills are lost in the pages of history.
Alas, General O’Donojú died from a viral infection shortly after
Mexico’s independence. He
is buried in the main vault of Mexico City’s Catedral
Metropolitana de la Asunción de la Santísima Virgen Maria a los
cielos. In
summary, Texas history classrooms have yet to provide students with
the seamless story of Texas, deliberately denying its fascinating role
as a province (state) of Mexico. It’s also regrettable that the
reason most Mexican-descent Texans avoid the topic altogether is that
they have been denied learning of their pre-1836 Texas heritage. That’s
why descendants of the first citizens of Texas must learn to
appreciate the true roots of Texas Independence, whose ideals were
planted by their Spanish Mexican ancestors long before Sam Houston.
Only then can they familiarize themselves with heroes they didn’t
know they had, such as Spanish-Irish General Juan O’Donojú, “The
Last Viceroy”. Editor’s
Note: The main image accompanying this guest column shows Juan
O’Donojú, who served as the Spanish Crown’s last Jefe Político
Superior (Viceroy) of New Spain (Mexico). With Agustín de Iturbide,
he signed the Treaty of Córdoba, ending Spain’s rule of New Spain
(Mexico), August 24, 1821.
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http://navegandoenelrecuerdo.blogspot.com.es/2014/12/la-leyenda-negra-el-mito-de-la-sinrazon.html Una de las mejores explicaciones objetivas que he leido de la Leyenda Negra que comparto para su diseminación, ojaá sea de su interés. La página se llama Navegando en el Recuerdo y el enlace se encuentra abajo. Agradeceré sus comentarios. Extenso artículo que explica a profundidad el tema. Video de la conferencia magistral de Pablo Victoria, historiador colombiano. "Mitos y verdades de nuestra herencia hispánica" Para cuando quieras disfrutar este video de 2 hrs. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ROMeqNS5XKM Es lo de siempre, lo que haga españa de malo cosa que todos han hecho por igual es siempre conocido y famoso mientras que lo bueno que hizo españa que ningun otro pais hizo siempre sera olvidado e ignorado, incluso por los propios españoles. Ojalá sirva para abrir los ojos y ampliar el criterio de los que no cuestionan la Leyenda Negra cuyos orígenes se remontan a Guillermo de Orange y la Pérfida Albión. Sent by Dr. C.A. Campos y Escalante |
Timeline Photos |
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Timeline Photos, FUNDACIÓN PUERTA DE AMÉRICA
has a huge collection of historical photos, paintings, maps, sketches,
posters, etc expanding awareness, broadening the familiar base
of Spain's global exploration. Click on any visual and it will
link you to information on that specific item.
For example, I clicked on the visual above . . and received
this information: |
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de enero de 1566,
cargan en Sanlúcar de Barrameda, seis naves con destino a San Juan de
Ulloa (México), con paños, sedas, lienzos, papel, cordobanes, hierro y
herrajes. Espectacular
la fortaleza de San Juan de Ulloa |
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Click
here: Timeline Photos | Facebook
https://www.facebook.com/FUNDACI%C3%93N-PUERTA- Sent by Dr. C.A. Campos y Escalante who writes:
Buenos días:
Esta série de la Fundación "Puerta de América" tiene una
colección impresionante de datos e imágenes de eventos y personajes,
asi como mapas de la época que ilustran la gran epopeya de la Era de
Exploración realizada por España en todo el mundo. Sirvan las imágenes
que he enviado de ejemplo de la grande que fue la empresa y la gran
cantidad de personajes y lo que invirtieron en esta gran gesta histórica.
Espero estén siendo de su agrado !... aún hay más !
Este mapa muestra la multitud de ciudades en una pequeña zona geográfica
que dentro de poco estarán celebrando sus 500 años de ser fundadas.
Todo esto ocurrió 100 años antes de que los Peregrinos de Plymouth
llegaran a pisar suelo americano!
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25 de febrero de 1600, desembarca en el puerto sanluqueño de Bonanza, Pedro Fernández de Quirós, uno de los grandes navegantes y descubridores del Océano Pacífico, acompañó a Álvaro de Mendaña e Isabel de Barreto en su expedición a las islas Salomón. 25 de febrero de 1605, zarpa de Sanlúcar de Barrameda, la Armada de Tierra Firme del General Luis Fernández de Córdoba, con 40 navíos. |
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Honorable Judge Dario
Rigoberto Garcia, Sr.
Jan 4, 1920 - Jul 23, 2015
at 95 years Businessman Amando Saenz Oct 28, 1931 - Nov 15, 2015 at 84 years Rancher, US Diplomat, & Author Ernesto Uribe Aug 14, 1957 - Nov 21, 2015 at 78 years Mexican ballad singer Joan Sebastian Apr 8, 1951 - Jul 13, 2015 at 64 years Prof. Jorge Chapa, University of Illinois Aug 10, 1953 - Oct 19, 2015 at 62 years |
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The Honorable Judge Dario Rigoberto Garcia, Sr., 95, died at his home in McAllen, Texas on July 23, 2015. Irma Saldana and I wrote separate tributes that were incorporated into one article to honor our beloved relative. Judge Dario lived such an interesting life and he deserves to be recognized for his accomplishments. He played semi-pro baseball before he got involved with his community that included an elective office. After the Judge retired and his eye sight was failing he decided to pursue his passions in family research and performing marriages. Genealogy is what brought us together twice in 2010. |
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The Honorable Judge Dario Rigoberto Garcia, Sr., Master Genealogist by Maria Irma Salinas Saldaña and Eddie U Garcia Part 1: Prepared by Maria Irma Salinas Saldaña
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At the age of 14, the Eusebio Garcia family moved to McAllen; attended McAllen public schools and graduated from McAllen High School in 1940.I remember many visits to their home along with spending summers with his sister Tía Estela in McAllen, Texas. Tio Dario served as Justice of the Peace for Hidalgo County from 1965-1985. Prior to being elected Justice of the Peace, he worked with H & H Coffee Company for 17 years, Boggus Ford and Clark Chevrolet as a salesman. He played baseball with Mecca Café, in Reynosa 30-30, Mission Rifles, McAllen Palms, and Donna Cardinals all semi-pro teams in the 1940s and 1950s. His love of baseball continued with him coaching young kids, including his sons and establishing the Southern Little League Association of McAllen. He served 50 years of public service including being a McAllen School Board Member, being elected Vice-President and Secretary during his nine-year tenure. While on the school board he was instrumental with helping non-professional employees become members of the Texas Teacher Retirement System, also naming new elementary schools after Hispanic Texas Heroes. He also served on the airport Advisory Board and Board of Equalization and various state and Criminal Justice councils. He actively participated in fund-raising activities for charitable organizations such as the Easter Seals Society for crippled children and adults and the McAllen Ex-Students Association. He served the latter organization as President and director during his tenure. Other organizations which he proudly supported and served in a position of leadership were the Rio Grande Valley Boys Scout Council and Parent Teacher Organizations for schools his children attended. He also held memberships in the Elks Club, Kiwanis Club of McAllen and the Mission-McAllen Beef Syndicate and the "Tripa Club". He also served on the financial committee for El Divino Redentor Methodist Church, and was a current member of First United Methodist Church. After a long 50 years of public service, he devoted his time to genealogy, conducting weddings and spending time with his family and friends. He loved to go drink coffee at the local coffee shop and discuss all about the family and his research findings. If he met you, he would ask, "Who are your grandparents?" Once you gave him a name, he proceeded to tell you about your ancestors and great stories of their life. He told me how my grandparents, Francisco Salinas and Nicolasa Garcia met. I would never have known their courtship story. Tío Dario developed his passion to family research and never gave up on his searches. He definitely was a "master genealogist". He was blessed with a brilliant memory. As he aged he knew that his vision and hearing were deteriorating, he memorized and learned everything he could about his research data. From memory he could discuss any Garcia, Guerra, Salinas’s family tree and tell you dates of birth, death and children’s names and what branch you came from. When he heard of my retirement, he called me and after a very interesting conversation with him, he planted a seed in me about genealogy and ever since I share his passion for it. I will be forever grateful to him for sparking that interest in me. My beloved uncle was an amazing man. I drove him to McAllen Public Library several times since he couldn’t see very much anymore. He would sit at a table and tell me, to go to the shelf and look up the Seabury book or any book he knew and ask me to turn to a specific page and read the information to him. I know that he would hire people to take him places and pay them to look up data for him. He was on a quest to get his Garcia Family Tree completed. He had come across a brick wall and asked me to help him find "Gaspar Garcia". He knew of several with that name and wanted the correct one that was in his Garcia tree. Tío Dario had been legally blind for many years after retirement and had hearing difficulties. He would use a phone with captions, as well as a machine that read books and mail. He loved to read about baseball and South Texas History. He memorized the wedding vows to continue his marriages. Sometimes he had several weddings in one day. He sometimes was known as the "marrying judge". For many years, people didn’t realize how little he could see. He got around and never slowed down. He married generations of parents, their children and their grandchildren. He once told me he had a wedding in the middle of the International Bridge. Each person standing in their respective side. He was very flexible and accommodating to everyone. He told me he married couples everywhere…. ranches, homes, public halls, beach, etc. Raul Guerra, Jr. collaborated with Tío Dario to produce an extensive genealogy of the Guerra family: "Descendants of Jose Felipe Guerra Hinojosa and Maria Josefa Gonzalez Garcia researched by Dario Garcia and prepared by Raul J. Guerra, Jr." The Honorable Dario R. Garcia, Sr., my uncle, will be missed by all.
He left an unforgettable legacy. He was a very sociable man and loved
people. He will be remembered as kind hearted, good, and righteous and
an honorable man. We are better off having known him. He enriched our
lives with his presence. He welcomed visitors during his hospice care up
to his last days on this earth with such kindness. God Grant Tío Dario
Eternal Rest and May Perpetual Light Shine Upon Him.
The family photo with Judge Dario Rigoberto Garcia Sr. (1920-2015) was taken at his residence in McAllen, Texas. That photograph above is rather unique since certain details about his life experiences can be observed. Three of the primos standing behind the Honorable Judge have a direct lineage and represent different generations and they share mutual ancestors. Jose Pedro Garcia and Maria Isabel Salinas (picture at the end of article) were the grandparents of Judge Dario, the great-grandparents of Irma Saldaña and the great-great-grandparents of myself, Eddie U Garcia. The Master Genealogist pursued late in life one of his passions of family research. Genealogy is what brought us together in June 2010.
Judge Dario memorized marriage vows and would hire the services of a driver to transport him to any location even though his living room/office was also a Wedding Chapel. It had an arch trellis and several rows of folding chairs. This marrying Judge had acquired a reputation of accommodating the needs of clients even if he had to travel to the Texas border. Marriages took place on the International Bridge above the Rio Grande River where there is a platform between USA and Mexico. During the visit with the Honorable Judge Garcia he mentioned a brief illness that required recuperation at a rehab center. Upon arriving at the convalescence home he requested to see the administrator. After numerous failed attempts by employees to rectify the problem that he may have been offended by, but he continued to insist in seeing the administrator. When the administrator arrived on the scene the Judge introduced himself and asked for his permission to use the facility to perform weddings while he was there. This distinguished gentleman was allowed to marry couples there. It is my understanding that the lobby of rehab center was the actual site of marriages. He did not want to cancel any marriage. I shared that rehab home story with my grandmother’s nephew Duval County Judge Edmundo B Garcia, Jr., retired. He indicated that an elected Judge could continue performing marriages after leaving office. Judge Mundo was the contact person in San Diego, Texas that arranged the grave site service for my father’s sister. She was buried next to her parents at the San Diego Cemetery. My brother Tony and Alda Garcia drove from Colorado with cremated remains, also an engraved stone. I flew out of Las Vegas that was more convenient. Upon returning to my home state of Texas for my aunt’s funeral I had to make a special trip to the Rio Grande Valley to meet the "Master Genealogist" of the Garcia – Guerra – Salinas Families. Thanks to Irma Saldaña in providing a telephone number I was able to spend numerous years conversing with him. Through such conversations I realized I had already met his brother Rafael Garcia shortly after moving to California. A few years later I met Dario’s son Hector Garcia. Hector was stationed at Nellis Air Force Base in Las Vegas, Nevada and noticed a civil service employee with short stature and recognizable family features. He approached my dad and inquired if he was a Garcia from San Diego, Texas. About 40 years later during one telephone call to McAllen I spoke with Hector while he was visiting his father. We both remembered meeting each other. Judge Dario’s ability to memorize family lineages was remarkable.
During my first phone conversation all I had to say was the names of my
parents and grandparents and he knew my lineage. My parents were Arturo
A Garcia and Sofia Uresti and dad’s mother Herlinda Garcia (+ Amando C
Garcia) was Judge Dario’s first cousin. Mama Herlinda was 34 years old
when Judge Dario was born in 1920. Herlinda’s mother Maria Francisca
Garcia (+Jose Albino Garcia) was the oldest daughter of Jose Pedro
Garcia and Maria Isabel Salinas. The first 3 from that family were born
in Mier, Tamaulipas, Mexico and the rest of the children were born in
San Diego, Duval County, Texas. . Most of them moved to counties further south. Jose Arturo Guerra stated that the photo with caption below of the 4 Garcia siblings was taken during a birthday celebration for his grandmother Celsa G Guerra at her San Carlos Ranch house in Starr County. He recognized a background picture and his aunts, the 2 nieces. The third niece was identified by granddaughter Carmen Leticia Gonzalez. The youngest 2 siblings photographed were Eusebio Garcia, Judge Dario's father, and Nicolasa G Salinas, Irma Saldaña's grandmother, and myself as the descendant of their oldest sister Francisca Garcia was the mutual family connection to ancestors Pedro and Isabel (Salinas) Garcia. Our beloved relative devoted his life to community service leaving a legacy of accomplishments. He also stood by his principles. Judge Dario’s passion for genealogy was captured in a photo at the San Carlos Ranch Cemetery in Starr County, Texas doing research on the Guerras when he was in his 90s. His Garcia grandparents were buried at the same family cemetery. It was not that long ago when I heard the Master Genealogist recite from memory and in Spanish: …. Isabel Salinas was the daughter of Pio Salinas and Gregoria Guerra. Gregoria was the daughter of Isidro Guerra and Luisa Ramirez. The parents of Luisa were Matias Ramirez and Antonia Gonzales …. After concluding I stated that Luisa’s full name was Maria Antonia Luisa Paulina Ramirez. It
was not that long ago when I heard the “Master Genealogist” recite
from memory and in Spanish: …. Isabel Salinas was the daughter of
Pio Salinas and Gregoria Guerra. Gregoria was the daughter of Isidro
Guerra and Luisa Ramirez. The parents of Luisa were Matias Ramirez and
Juliana Gonzales ….
After he concluded I stated that Luisa’s full name was Maria
Antonia Luisa Paulina Ramirez. Judge Dario replied by saying, “Que
nombre!” (“What a name!”.
.Ancestors of Dario Rigoberto Garcia, Sr. First Generation 1. Dario Rigoberto GARCIA Sr. was born on 4 Jan 1920 in San Carlos Ranch Starr County. He died on 23 Jul 2015 at the age of 95 at 2104 Highland Avenue McAllen, Texas in McAllen, Texas, Hidalgo County.Second Generation: Parents 2. Eusebio (de Salinas) GARCIA was born on 1 Mar 1884 in San Diego, Texas Duval County. He died on 5 Apr 1966 at the age of 82 at La Piedad Cemetery, McAllen, Texas in McAllen, Texas, Hidalgo County. He was Antonia SAENZ and Eusebio (de Salinas) GARCIA were married in 1919 in McAllen, Texas, Hidalgo County.3. Antonia SAENZ was born in 1883. She died in 1972 at the age of 89.Third Generation: Grandparents 4. Jose Pedro (de Garcia) GARCIA was born on 5 May 1837 in Mier, Tamaulipas, Mexico. He died on 17 Apr 1933 at the age of 95 in McAllen, Texas, Hidalgo County. Maria Isabel (de Guerra) SALINAS and Jose Pedro (de Garcia) GARCIA were married on 30 Nov 1861 in Mier, Tamaulipas, Mexico.5. Maria Isabel (de Guerra) SALINAS was born on 3 Dec 1839 in Mier, Tamaulipas, Mexico. She died on 8 Jan 1923 at the age of 83 in San Diego, Duval County,Texas.Fourth Generation: Great grandparents 7. Juan de Dios (de Hinojosa) GARCIA was born on 19 Mar 1815 in R. Miguel Perez, Mexico. He died in Jan 1857 at the age of 41 in Mexico. Maria Justa (de Gomez) GARCIA and Juan de Dios (de Hinojosa) GARCIA were married on 23 Jul 1834.8. Maria Justa (de Gomez) GARCIA was born on 19 Aug 1817.Fifth Generation: Second great grandparents 9. Juan Jose Damacio (Lizarrarras Cuellar) GARCIA was christened on 27 Mar 1789 in Revilla, Tamaulipas, Mexico. Maria Teodora (de Saenz) HINOJOSA and Juan Jose Damacio (Lizarrarras Cuellar) GARCIA were married on 22 Nov 1808.10. Maria Teodora (de Saenz) HINOJOSA was born in Mier, Nuevo Santander, Mexico.Sixth Generation: Third great grandparents 11. Pedro Jose GARCIA was born in 1768. He died on 3 May 1808 at the age of 40. Maria Catarina LIZARRARAS CUELLAR and Pedro Jose GARCIA were married on 29 Nov 1786 in Revilla, Tamaulipas, Mexico.12. Maria Catarina LIZARRARAS CUELLAR was born in 1770.Seventh Generation: Fourth great grandparents 13. Juan Joseph (de Guajardo) GARCIA was born in 1727 in Cerralvo, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Maria Josefa SALINAS and Juan Joseph (de Guajardo) GARCIA were married in 1736.14. Maria Josefa SALINAS was born in 1734 in Cerralvo, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. She died in Oct 1786 at the age of 52.Eighth Generation: Fifth great grandparents 15. Capitan Francisco (de Salinas) GARCIA was born about 1689 in Cerralvo, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. He died in Camargo, Tamaulipas, Mexico.. Ma. Gertrudis (de Gutierrez) MARTINEZ-GUAJARDO and Capitan Francisco (de Salinas) GARCIA were married on 27 Jan 1710 in Cerralvo, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.16. Ma. Gertrudis (de Gutierrez) MARTINEZ-GUAJARDO was born in 1695 in Salinas, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.Ninth Generation: Sixth great grandparents 17. Juan Jose (de Avila) GARCIA was born in 1680. Lucia SALINAS and Juan Jose (de Avila) GARCIA were married in 1685.18. Lucia SALINAS was born about 1660.Tenth Generation: Seventh great grandparents 19. Pedro (de Gutierrez-Abrego) GARCIA was born in 1625. Pedro (de Gutierrez-Abrego) GARCIA was married in 1655.Eleventh Generation: Eighth great grandparents 20. Lorenzo GARCIA was born in 1595 in Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico. He died in 1694 at the age of 99 in Mexico. Leonor GUTIERREZ and Lorenzo GARCIA were married in 1615 in Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico. They were married.21. Leonor GUTIERREZ was born in 1596 in Zacatecas, Mexico.Twelfth Generation: Ninth great grandparents 22. Agustin GUTIERREZ ABREGO was born in 1562 in Castille, Spain. He died in 1615 at the age of 53 in Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico. Leonor GUTIERREZ BAEZA and Agustin GUTIERREZ ABREGO were married.23. Leonor GUTIERREZ BAEZA was born in 1568 in Mexico.Preparer:
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Amando Saenz, Born October
28,1931 |
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Amando's parents found it necessary to venture out into the migrant work force. The family spent an estimated ten years on the migrant stream and eventually settling in Grand Rapids, MI in 1956. The many setbacks in life did not keep Amando from moving forward in life. Through his own originality and visionary drive he leaped forward to solve family hardships and economic problems. After completing the task of helping his brothers and sisters, he went on to fulfill his life's dreams and raise his own family. He crossed many bridges and faced great challenges in life and eventually became a successful businessman. Amando found a job with Romance Gardens where he worked for several years. In this new job he learned all about plants and the greenhouse business and this experience enabled him to establish his own greenhouse in Sparta, MI. With the help and support of his wife and kids the business grew and enjoyed great success for many years. Left to cherish his memory are his children, Heather (Aron) Saenz Oseguera, Roy (Nancy) Saenz, Amando Jr. Saenz, Debra (Gary) Flachs, Diane Marble, Mike Saenz; his grandchildren, Jason Flachs, Donald and Nathan Saenz, Ramiro and Alicia Oseguera, Jacob, Joshua and Jackquline, Adreana Molhoek, Samantha, Alexis and Miguel Saenz; his brothers and sisters, Samuel Saenz, Thomas Saenz, Tony (Anne) Saenz, Roger (Mary Lou) Saenz, Leonard Saenz, Olivia Saenz, Sue (Joe) Estefan, Brijida (Denny) White and Irma Delaganria. Amando was preceded in death by his parents; wife, Idolina (Acero) Saenz and siblings, David and Robert Saenz. A memorial service will be held at 7:00 PM on Friday, November 20, 2015 at Stegenga Funeral Chapel, 1601 Post Dr. NE, Belmont. The family will greet relatives and friends beginning at 6:00 PM on Friday. In lieu of flowers memorial contributions may be made to Hispanic Ministry of Our Lady of Sorrows. To share a photo or memory and to sign the family's online guestbook, please visit www.stegengafunerchapel.com http://obits.mlive.com/obituaries/grandrapids/obituary.aspx?n=amando-saenz&pid=176523067#sthash.avbCnpII.dpuf Sent by Tom Saenz saenztomas@sbcglobal.net |
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Ernesto Uribe, Rancher, United
States Diplomat, Author August 14, 1937 to November 21, 2015 Died at 78 |
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Sarah, Ernesto's Family, et al:
As
can be seen, I received telephone calls and the following e-mail
telling me that our good friend -- Ernesto Uribe -- had sadly passed
on November 21, 2015, apparently from a stroke. My most
sincere and heartfelt condolence to you and all the family.
All
of us, and myself included, admired Ernesto greatly. He was one
of those unusual intellectuals with a great analytical mind, a
good human being, an excellent friend, an exceptional Foreign Service
Officer -- who served with the U.S. Information Agency (USIA) for
many years, in a number of Central and South American countries -- a
most gifted author and writer -- who wrote a number of books including
his most recent Memoir (titled: "My Way, A South Texas Rancher in
the Diplomatic Service of the United States"), and, an
exceptional family man and father.
Ernesto
and I were distant relatives who had a fourth or fifth generational
grandfather, who was awarded one of the original "Porciones"
by the King of Spain. Porcion 36 happened to be located in the
U.S. Ernesto inherited that particular tract of land, farmed
it, and built a beautiful Ranch House there.
I
understand that he is to be buried at his beloved and beautifully
reconstructed ranch on December 5, 2015. We will all miss his
extraordinary e-mails, Power Point Presentations, and his great
camaraderie. Rest In Peace my good friend........Jose M. Pena
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| Dear Sarah and family, please accept my condolences and warm regards. Though I never met Ernesto in person, through his books and memoir, I feel like I knew him, a strong, complex man with the persona of an adventurer, and soul of artist, always curious and observant of the beauty around him. I will miss him and the heritage treasures he
frequently found and shared online. Mimi Lozano |
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When in his prime, beloved Mexican singer Joan Sebastian didn’t just walk onto a stage. He burst out on a leaping horse, breaking into one of his hit songs about love and loss — both of which he had in abundance in his life — as an orchestra of as many as 40 musicians gave stirring accompaniment. The horses (Sebastian would change to different ones during concerts, much like other performers changed costumes) were part of the act, whether in outdoor arenas or indoor venues such as Staples Center. But it wasn’t just a gimmick. “He was an artist who took on an iconic status as a singer of the people,” said Josh Kun, a USC associate professor who specializes in U.S.-Mexico border arts and politics. Sebastian’s audience, Kun said, was in large part made up of working class and working poor people who faced struggles, both in Mexico and the U.S. “When he would ride in to start his shows,” Kun said, “it would make a connection back to the rural ranch.” Sebastian, 64, who won four Grammys and seven Latin Grammys died Friday on his ranch in Teacalco, in Mexico’s Guerrero state, said close family friend Luis Zorro Estrada. The singer, who specialized in regional Mexican styles but also made slicker Latin pop recordings, had been battling cancer since the late 1990s and was hospitalized many times, including at City of Hope in Duarte. Although his doctors had told him to stop riding his horses — who would famously prance to keep time with the music — he refused to give them up completely and was still using them on tour in the U.S. in 2012. His songs and story — including several marriages and other romances — were mostly known to Spanish-speaking audiences. But will.i.am of the Black Eyed Peas was a fan of his music and visited him in 2012 in Mexico City where they collaborated on a recording, “Hey You,” that was released in a club dance version. Television host Yarel Ramos interviewed Sebastian several times on her “Reventon” show on Telemundo. She said his songwriting ability, romantic singing style and vigorous performances were at the heart of his popularity. But his difficulties — not only from the disease, but also from poverty in his early life and the loss of two sons killed in separate gunshot incidents — also resonated with audiences. “He went through a lot of tragedy, a lot of pain,” Ramos said. “But even all those years he was suffering with cancer, he was still performing, still releasing music, still writing songs of nostalgia about the love of his town.” He was born Jose Manuel Figueroa on April 8, 1951, in the small town of Juliantla, Guerrero, Mexico. According to a 2012 New York Times profile, his cowboy father managed to buy him a transistor radio on which he listened not only to Mexican music but also country songs from Nashville. At 14 he entered a seminary, intending to be a priest, but three years later he fell in love with a young woman who visited her brother. At that point, he chose music and romance over a religious vocation. He worked odd jobs and eventually made his way to Chicago. “I remember arriving on the red-eye at O’Hare, wearing just a Western shirt jacket,” he told the Chicago Sun-Times in 2010. “I had no money. But I had the feeling that something special was going to happen in my life.” He fell in love again, had three children, and worked as a dishwasher and used-car salesman. But he constantly practiced his music, often walking the streets, playing his guitar. Eventually, he took on the stage name Joan (pronounced Juan) Sebastian and in the late 1970s played for Latino audiences in the U.S. Southwest, building a following. In 1981, Sebastian began performing on horseback and got the nickname “El Rey del Jaripeo” (“King of the Rodeo”). He was known to sing in several styles, including banda, ranchera and norteño, and he recorded more than 35 albums. His songs were covered by numerous artists. “Through the years, I’ve realized I can only compose from my own experiences,” he told Billboard in 2006. “I’ve seldom been able to write for other people, but I am lucky that my songs have served other people.” Among his many hits were “Secreto de Amor” and “Julian,” a song for one of his sons (who in turn was named for Sebastian’s home town). His son Trigo Figueroa, who lived in Irvine, was shot and killed after one of his father’s concerts in 2006. Four years later, his son Juan Figueroa was shot and killed in a nightclub in Mexico. In addition to Julian, Sebastian is reportedly survived by five other children. In his later years, it was clear the cancer he was battling had taken its toll. Sebastian, who had been known to play concerts that went on for hours to the delight of the crowd, sometimes seemed to tire during performances. But he resisted slowing down. “I’m singing and I’m healthy,” he told the Chicago Sun-Times in 2010. “I have a lot of dreams. I have this love for life I would like to continue to give to my people. “Let’s live, let’s be happy.” http://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-mexican-ballad-singer-joan-sebastian-dies-20150714-story.html
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In Memoriam: Jorge Chapa  Photo of Jorge Chapa IGPA faculty member Jorge Chapa, a professor of Latino/Latina Studies at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, died unexpectedly on Monday, October 19, 2015. |
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URBANA – Jorge Chapa, 62, of Urbana passed away at Carle Foundation Hospital in Urbana on Monday evening (Oct. 19, 2015). Jorge was born in Monterrey, Mexico, on Aug. 10, 1953, the son of Juan and Olga Chapa. He married Belinda De La Rosa on Sept. 4, 1982, in San Francisco, Calif. Jorge is survived by his mother; his wife; two sons, Juan and Roberto Chapa; one brother, Juan Chapa; and four sisters, Olga Chesser, Mercedes Robertson, Rosalinda Dussault and Elizabeth Chapa. Jorge had a Ph.D. and M.A. in sociology as well as an M.A. in demography, all from the University of California at Berkeley. His B.S. was from the University of Chicago in biology (honors) with a minor in sociology. Jorge began his distinguished academic career at the Lyndon Baines Johnson School of Public Affairs at the University of Texas at Austin, where he rose to the rank of tenured professor and associate dean in the Graduate School. His research interests focused on Latino educational achievement and access into higher education. Much of Jorge's research and policy work was driven by a desire to make positive change in the world. He was an expert witness for 10 redistricting legal cases in Texas, Illinois and Arizona. He spent one year at Michigan State University as interim director of the Julian Zamora Institute, and was the founding director of the Latino/a Studies Program at Indiana University. Jorge joined the University of Illinois in the fall of 2006, where taught in Latina/o studies and sociology; served at the Institute of Government and Public Affairs and Women and Gender in Global Perspectives Program; and became director of the Center on Democracy in a Multiracial Society. He was a prolific scholar. He was widely published on the subjects of Latino policy issues and demographic trends and their political implications. His seminal 2004 book on Latino immigration to the Midwest, "Apple Pie and Enchiladas" (co-authored with Ann V. Millard on the University of Texas Press), is the standard treatment of one of the most important political and demographic changes to the region in the past generation. He was the author, editor, co-author or co-editor of 12 books, and he published 15 refereed journal articles and 18 book chapters. Jorge was incredibly involved in the scholarship of public engagement, writing for and speaking to a wide range of non-academic audiences in Illinois and around the country. In particular, he worked on many voting rights court cases and spoke frequently about the use of data in these cases. His legacy will live on in his work, mentorship of students and faculty, and love of family and friends. He touched the lives of many people, and will be missed by all who knew and loved him. A memorial visitation will be held from 4 to 8 p.m. Friday, Oct. 23, with a sharing time at 6 p.m. Services will be held Sunset Funeral Home, 710 N. Neil St., Champaign. In lieu of other expressions of sympathy, memorial gifts may be made in his name to the University of Illinois Foundation at 1305 W. Green St., Urbana, IL 61801. The funds will be used to establish the Jorge Chapa Memorial Scholarship Fund. Please join Jorge's family in sharing memories, pictures and video on his tribute wall at www.sunsetfuneralhome.com or bring them to the share at the service. Poster boards will be available to display them.
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Professor Chapa joined IGPA in 2011, after having served as the director of the Center on Democracy in a Multiracial Society on the Urbana-Champaign campus. He had previously taught at the University of Texas at Austin and Indiana University. While he received his PhD from the University of California, Berkeley in Sociology, Jorge considered himself a demographer with a policy bent. He was widely published on the subjects of Latino policy issues and demographic trends and their political implications. His seminal 2004 book on Latino immigration to the Midwest, Apple Pie and Enchiladas (coauthored with Ann V. Millard on the University of Texas Press) is the standard treatment of one of the most important political and demographic changes to the region in the past generation. He was the author, editor, co-author or co-editor of 12 books, along with publishing 15 refereed journal articles and 18 book chapters. Jorge was also very much involved in the scholarship of public engagement, writing for and speaking to a wide range of non-academic audiences in Illinois and around the country. In particular, he worked on many voting rights court cases and spoke frequently about the use of data in these cases. At IGPA, Jorge contributed to the policy conversation in Illinois on these subjects in these past four years through public writing, speaking to groups, and working with state agencies and legislative groups. This academic year, he was the co-principal investigator of the Race and Inequality Policy Initiative. In this Initiative, Jorge was working with the Illinois Board of Higher Education to assess and improve their tracking of members of racial and ethnic minority groups in undergraduate and graduate education in the state’s colleges and universities. He was also involved at the campus level in initiatives to improve the representation and success of such students in higher education. Jorge’s cheerful demeanor, positive attitude, and willingness to help will be greatly missed at IGPA. He was always a great citizen and friend. Our condolences go out to his wife, Belinda De La Rosa, and his family https://igpa.uillinois.edu/content/memoriam-jorge-chapa
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| USS Rafael Peralta, Christened October 31, 2015 First navy vessel named after a person born in Mexico. Marines Happy 24th Birthday Wall of Honor, Saluting our military heroes with ALS Attitude keeps El Paso Air Force veteran with ALS upbeat: Juan "Johnny" Pena A Wing and a Prayer: American WWII Aviators Who Flew For Israel, posted by Miriam Elman 10 Free Sites for Locating U.S. Military Who Died in Service Antonio (Tony) S. Martinez, WW II Brownsville resident honored in Washington, D.C. Soaring Valor, organized by Gary Sinise Remembering and Honoring Our Veterans Honoring Friends for Veterans Day by Joe Sanchez Borinqueneers Updates, Events & More all over US by Frank Medina American Boricua Puerto Rican Life in US Exhibition! |
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USS Rafael Peralta is the first navy vessel named after a person born in Mexico. |
| BATH, Maine — First in English, then in Spanish, the mother of a fallen Marine who shielded his comrades from an insurgent's grenade christened a new Navy destroyer in his honor. Rosa Peralta asked God to bless the ship named for her son, Sgt. Rafael Peralta, and to keep the crew safe before smashing a bottle of Champagne on the ship's bow Saturday. The ceremony at Bath Iron Works to christen the future USS Rafael Peralta paid homage to the slain Marine, who gave the ultimate sacrifice in service of a country to which he emigrated as a boy. He is believed to be the first serviceman born in Mexico to have a naval warship named in his honor. Peralta was denied the Medal of Honor but awarded the Navy Cross, the nation's second highest award for valor, after former Defense Secretary Robert Gates ruled the Marine lost consciousness after he was mortally wounded and his body smothered a grenade in Iraq in 2004, saving other lives. But the prevailing belief among the military is that Peralta pulled the grenade against his body to protect his fellow Marines during close combat with insurgents in Fallujah on Nov. 15 that year. "He believed more about the goodness of America than most Americans, to the point of fighting and sacrificing everything for what America stands for," Gen. Robert Neller, the Marine Corps commandant, said as he quoted from Peralta's former commanding officer from the 1st Battalion, 3rd Marines, the Hawaii-based "Lava Dogs." Peralta came to the U.S. with his family, attended high school in San Diego then enlisted on the day he received his green card. He hung only three things on his wall: the Constitution, the Bill of Rights, and hisMarine boot camp graduation certificate. Among Marines, Peralta is well known for his heroism. The sergeant was nominated for the Medal of Honor — the nation's highest military honor — after fellowMarines said he covered a grenade after being shot and wounded during close-quarters combat. Gates rejected the nomination, finding Peralta's case didn't meet the "proof beyond a reasonable doubt" standard for the honor because of questions about whether Peralta was too injured to understand what he did. Instead, Gates honored the Marine with the Navy Cross. But supporters in Peralta's hometown, on Capitol Hill and in the Navy persistently campaigned for the top award and Peralta's mother wouldn't accept the NavyCross until this summer as plans progressed to name the ship after her son. Peralta's family said naming the 510-foot guided-missile destroyer after the fallen Marine's honor has eased some of the bitterness. The Arleigh Burke-class destroyer is one of a handful of Navy ships to be named for Mexican-Americans. The USS Gonzalez bears the name of Sgt. Alfredo Cantu Gonzalez, a Marine who was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions in Vietnam. The cargo ship USNS Benavidez is named for another Medal of Honor recipient, Raul Perez Benavidez. There's also a ship named for labor activist Cesar Chavez, a Navyveteran who died in 1993. But historians at the U.S. Naval Institute believe the Peralta is the first warship named for someone who was actually born in Mexico, said Scot Christenson, spokesman in Annapolis, Maryland. Streamers fly during the christening the USS Raphael Streamers fly during the christening the USS Raphael Peralta, the 35th Arleigh Burke Class Missile Destroyer to be built by Bath Iron Works, Oct. 31, 2015, in Bath, Maine. (Photo: Robert F. Bukaty/AP) Bath Iron Works celebrated Peralta's heritage by printing Saturday's program in English and Spanish, a first for such an event. And several speakers directed th ****************************** Mary Sevilla 12001 Chalon Road Los Angeles, CA 90049-1526 marysevilla@mac.com 310 954-4432 This morning's news announced the commissioning of the USS Rafael Peralta - after the first fallen marine born in Mexico, and who enlisted the day he got his green card, to receive such an honor. I tried to send it from the web but had no luck. I just typed in USS Rafael Peralta and the wonderful story with photos came up. The christening was in Spanish and English- another first!!! Yeah! -rafael-peralta-christened-maine-shipyard/74939116/
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Peralta Family: Ship Christening 'Bittersweet' The San Diego Union-Tribune | Nov 04, 2015 | by Jeanette Steele |
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Days before he died in combat, Marine Sgt. Rafael Peralta wrote a letter to his younger brother saying, "Be proud of me, bro, I'm going to make history." Ricardo Peralta remembered the letter aloud Saturday in Maine during the christening of the new Navy destroyer named for his fallen brother. "I've been reading this letter for over a decade. It was right after I got off the USS Rafael Peralta that I felt, that's the history he was talking about," Ricardo Peralta said Monday, after returning home to San Diego. "I thought I was witnessing that history ... that ship that holds the fighting spirit that he held in combat," he said. It was a long and emotional road to Maine's Bath Iron Works for the Peralta family, who immigrated to San Diego from Mexico. Rafael attended Morse High School and reportedly enlisted the day he received his Green Card in 2000. He was killed in November 2004 during a house-to-house clearing operation in Fallujah, Iraq. Peralta is credited with scooping a live grenade under his body to save his brothers in arms. The Marine Corps nominated the sergeant for the nation's top military award, the Medal of Honor. But then-Defense Secretary Robert Gates downgraded the medal after a special panel of experts opined that Peralta's head wounds rendered him incapable of conscious thought in his last moments. Rosa Peralta, the Marine's mother, wouldn't accept the awarded Navy Cross for years, and a phalanx of Peralta supporters -- most prominently San Diego County's Rep. Duncan Hunter -- lobbied several Pentagon administrations to upgrade the medal. The family finally accepted the second-highest medal in June, with a nod toward the ship's construction. Rosa Peralta said at the time that the ship "contains his spirit" and she wanted to the medal to have a home on the destroyer. He is believed to be the first serviceman born in Mexico to have a naval warship named in his honor. On Monday, Ricardo Peralta said he and his mother felt a sense of ease after the christening ceremony. "It was bittersweet leaving the USS Rafael Peralta. For the first time, we had departed from a ceremony in which we felt there was something that represented Sgt. Peralta," said the Marine's brother, now 25, the same age as Rafael when he died. "It was spiritual," he concluded. The family had already experienced more than its share of pain prior to Rafael's death. The children's father was killed in 2001 when a company truck he was working on crushed him. Rafael's fiancée was killed in late 2003 just before their planned wedding day, also in a truck accident. Ricardo Peralta made good on a promise and enlisted in the Marine Corps for one tour. Now a civilian again, he attended the shipyard christening event with his mother and sisters, Karen and Isela. Rosa Peralta blessed the ship and its crew in both English and Spanish and broke a bottle of champagne over the bow, following naval tradition. Marine Corps Commandant Gen. Robert Neller spoke at the ceremony. "We're here today to celebrate the life and spirit of a great Marine and an American hero," Neller said. He praised the Peralta family for raising a man of honor.
"This is in many ways a spiritual event, where the metal and material formed into this ship is named for a valiant and courageous warrior," Neller said. http://www.military.com/daily-news/2015/11/04/peralta-ship-christening-bittersweet.html |
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U.S. Marine Corps
Marine Sgt. Rafael Peralta http://www.upi.com/Business_News/Security-Industry/2015/10/30/US-Navy-to-christen- guided-missile-destroyer-USS-Rafael-Peralta/3261446221295/U.S. The U.S. Navy christened its newest guided-missile destroyer USS Rafael Peralta. The Rafael Peralta is the third of 14 planned ships part of the DDG 51 program contract.
USS Rafael Peralta - US Navy Hosting
www.public.navy.mil/surfor/ddg115United States Navy Pacific Fleet Surface Ships ... PCU RAFAEL PERALTA (DDG 115) ... San Diego - Chief Petty Officers from the RAFAEL PERALTA, JOHN FINN and JOHN P.
The US Navy's three Arleigh Burke-class guided-missile destroyers USS
John Finn (DDG 113), USS Ralph Johnson (DDG 114) and USS Rafael
Peralta (DDG 115) have been christened during a ceremony held at Naval
Base San Diego, US.
The Arleigh Burke-class vessels will be deployed to conduct a variety
of operations, from peacetime presence and crisis management to sea
control and power projection.
USS John Finn has been named after a retired lieutenant John Finn, who
received the Medal of Honour for demonstrating "magnificent
courage in the face of almost certain death" during the Japanese
attack on military installations in Hawaii.
DDG 114 has been named to honor Marine Corps Pfc. Ralph Henry
Johnson, who posthumously received Medal of Honour for shouting a
warning to fellow marines and hurling himself on an explosive device.
"These three men are examples of the service, sacrifice,
dedication and the heroism it took to be that anchor from World War II
to Vietnam to Iraq."Marine Corps Staff sergeant Rafael Peralta
was posthumously awarded the Navy Cross for protecting fellow marines
by selflessly covering a grenade during a blast during Operation Iraqi
Freedom.
Marine Expeditionary Force commanding general, lieutenant general John
Toolan said that the vessels will perform variety of missions, ranging
from peace time presence and crisis management, to sea control and
power projection.
"These three men are examples of the service, sacrifice,
dedication and the heroism it took to be that anchor from World War II
to Vietnam to Iraq," Toolan added.
Capable of fighting air, surface and subsurface battles
simultaneously, the three ships will feature a range of offensive and
defensive weapons to support maritime warfare while enabling the US
Navy to conduct the defence strategy of the US Department of Defense (DoD).
Peralta Family Accepts Navy Cross For Their Late Son At Camp Pendleton
The family of Marine Sgt. Rafael Peralta accepted their late son's Navy
Cross Monday, even though they would have preferred the Medal of
Honor.
San Diegan Peralta was killed in Falluja, Iraq in 2004. He was shot in
the head and then, his fellow combatants say he smothered a grenade
with his body to absorb the blast.
A host of veterans, including Rep. Duncan Hunter, R-Calif., pushed to
have him awarded the military's highest honor. But the Department of
Defense refused, saying the bullet wound killed him instantly and he
couldn't have acted to cover the grenade.
Peralta's sister, Karen, told KPBS the family never refused the Navy
Cross. But in a 2012 interview, she said they were disappointed his
bravery didn't merit a medal of honor.
"It's something he deserves. And I believe not only my family but
many many people believe the same thing," Karen said.
The Peraltas accepted the Navy Cross at a Camp Pendleton ceremony.
Peralta Family Accepts Navy Cross For Their Late ... - KPBS
www.kpbs.org/.../peralta-family-accept-navy-cross-their-late-son-c...KPBSJun 8, 2015 - The family of Marine Sgt. Rafael Peralta accepted their late son's Navy Cross Monday, even though they would have preferred the Medal of Honor The family of Marine Sgt. Rafael Peralta accepted their late son's Navy Cross Monday, even though they would have preferred the Medal of Honor. |
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OUR MARINES A HAPPY 240TH BIRTHDAY! Don't forget to take some time to recognize our United States Marine Corps who are celebrating their 240th Birthday The Marines were born November 10th, 1775 when our founding fathers met at the 2nd Continental Congress in Philadelphia. Among the things they voted for that day was a resolution to raise two battalions of Marines to protect American shipping and fight pirates lurking around the Bahamas. |
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Attitude keeps El Paso Air Force veteran with
ALS upbeat By
Victor R. Martinez / El Paso Times |
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Peña, 72, has lived with ALS, also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, for the past 12 years. Air Force veteran Juan "Johnny" Peña wants people to remember that he is living with ALS, not dying from it. Peña, 74, has been living with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, which is often referred to as Lou Gehrig's disease, for 12 years."I'm a one percenter," he said, "I went way past the expected lifespan." |
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ALS is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and the spinal cord. "ALS patients, on average, have a three- to five-year lifespan once they are diagnosed," he said. "But I'm not average, I went beyond the five years. Only 20 percent of people survive past five years and here I am 12 years later."
When the motor neurons die, the ability of the brain to initiate and control muscle movement is lost. With voluntary muscle action progressively affected, patients in the later stages of the disease may become totally paralyzed.
The progressive degeneration of the motor neurons in ALS eventually leads to death.
People have lived well beyond the expected five-year life span.
Astrophysicist Stephen Hawking, whose ALS was diagnosed in 1963, has had ALS for more than 40 years, the longest recorded time.
"People with ALS still have some life, and we try to maintain some resemblance of a good quality of life and that requires a lot of
help."Peña, who is now bed-ridden and on an oxygen machine, has a perfect view of his backyard vegetable garden and six hummingbird feeders, "so I can watch the hummingbirds
dance. |
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| http://archive.elpasotimes.com/news/ci_26532258/ Sent by sister Letty Rodella lettyr@sbcglobal.net
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A Wing and a Prayer: American WWII Aviators Who Flew For Israel, posted by Miriam ElmanNew
Film Records Their Heroism – Exclusive Footage and Images for Legal
Insurrection
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Hello Folks: FYI--
fantastic article published in today's Brownsville Herald.
November 10, 2015
Best, Lino Garcia,Jr., Ph.D
UTRGV-Edinburg
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Remembering and Honoring Our VeteransPhotos submitted by users on FamilySearch.orgBe inspired by the brave servicemen and
servicewomen in our gallery of ancestor photos. |
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In honor of Veterans Day coming up November 11th., I posted two photos of two of my friends whom I served with in Basic Training and in Vietnam. Alan Weisman was from Roslyn, New York. He was killed in action November 19, 1966. Leonard S. Pelullo from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania was killed in action Feb. 13, 1967. On the first photo, I'm to the far right and Alan Weisman is to my right. This photo was taken back in October of 1965 at Ft. Dix, New Jersey where we were being processed to go to Ft. Carson, Colorado for basic training. 
The second photo is of Lenny Pelullo when he graduated from high
school. The
third photo is with me and Lenny at First Cavalry Division Airmobile
at base
camp An Khe. Lenny had caught jungle rot in his feet and legs, and was
healing. The 4th is just me at the age of 19 trying to look good for
my
mother. This was when we were with the 5/7 Cav A Company. |
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We would like to thank all supporters around the nation for making this past Hispanic Heritage Month a very successful one to further weave the Borinqueneers legacy in the fabric of our society. The Borinqueneers story continues to spread around the nation and in doing so, educating the public about this fascinating heritage. Please read below about the great initiatives supporters around the nation are spearheading in their communities to promote the 65th Infantry Regiment. To that end, if you need personalized presentation/reference material for a classroom/education setting, Hispanic Heritage Month activity, cultural awareness event, family reunion, etc.., please contact us and we'd be glad to discuss how to tailor reference material fit for your objectives (at no charge). As a special mention, we would like to congratulate our Executive Sponsor, Xiomara Sosa, for being selected to the Department of Veterans Affairs Advisory Committee on Minority Veterans. This is a proud achievement as this committee advises the Secretary on the VA administration benefits and services to minority Veterans. Congratulations Xiomara! In closing, many thanks to all of those around who continue to weave the Borinqueneers legacy, the 65th Infantry veterans, and all U.S. veterans alike in the fabric of our society. We apologize if we failed to mention your Borinqueneers honor efforts. For the future, please let us know if you're conducting an event honoring the Borinqueneers and we'll be glad to include you in our news bulletins. Honor y Fidelidad! 1. CNN Espanol Show "Cala" Interview with National Chair and Borinqueneer Veteran Please watch the PRIME TIME CNN Espanol Show "Cala" Interview with our National Chair and Borinqueneer veteran. Ismael Cala is an up and coming talk show host and is an internationally renowned motivational and conference speaker. This was a great interview and I highly recommend you watch it: https://youtu.be/0Oenf0UkxHI 2. Borinqueneers Honor Ceremony in Texas Special thanks to the Disabled American Veterans (DAV) Chapter #114 for spearheading the Borinqueneers Honor Ceremony in Helotes, TX this past October 3, 2015. The DAV Chapter #114 coordinated for the first Borinqueneers tribute in Texas by having a 2-mile stretch of Texas Highway 16 dedicated in honor of the Borinqueneers. Felicidades DAV Ch. #114 !!! See below pictures. 3. New York's "El Barrio" East Harlem "Borinqueneers Way" Petition Please sign the petition to have East 102nd Street and Lexington Avenue in New York's timeless Puerto Rican community "El Barrio" named to "Borinqueneers Way" http://www.ipetitions.com/petition/borinqueneersway The "El Barrio" neighborhood, nestled in Manhattan's northern sector, served as the haven for the Puerto Ricans who migrated from the island during the 1940s and 1950s. 4. Air Force retired Veteran, Mr. Richie Rodriguez, presents Borinqueneers at New Jersey High School We would like thank Air Force retired Veteran, Mr. Richie Rodriguez, for reaching out to the Alliance and soliciting assistance to brief students from Trenton, NJ's High School on the 65th Infantry Regiment. His selfless service exemplifies his dedication to cement the history of the 65th Infantry to our youth. Be inspired to follow Mr. Richie's example in your community. Thank you Richie! See below picture. 5. National Chair Interviews on Internet Radio Show "Generation 'Merica" to discuss the legacy of the Borinqueneers and the path forward. Listen to the internet radio interview of our National Chair, Frank Medina, on the show "Generation 'Merica" on the Nation First Radio Network. http://nationfirst.us/?mediacast=great-scott-the-borinqueneers&cpage=1#comment-772 Nation First Mission Statement: We are a voice for American veterans and active-duty military. Our veterans have served their country and risked all to save our freedoms. This station is for them and about them. Nation First aims to tell their stories, give points of view, and shine a spotlight on all the heroes, both veteran and civilian, that believe in the American way of life. Thank you Nation First Radio! 6. Daytona State College, FL Borinqueneers Presentation We would like to thank Daytona State College for allowing our National Chair to present on the 65th Infantry Regiment legacy during their "Lunch and Learn" series. Check out the entire presentation: https://youtu.be/EJgJlGDfLkM See picture below. 7. Brooklyn, NY Transport Workers Union Honors Borinqueneers We would like to thank the Transport Workers Union of Brooklyn, NY for honoring the Borinqueneers in the "Nuestras Naciones" Hispanic Heritage event. See picture below. 8. Viva Tampa Bay Hispanic Heritage Festival Honors Borinqueneers We would like to thank All American Music Productions for organizing the Viva Tampa Bay Hispanic Festival and honoring the Borinqueneers at their event. See picture below. 9. Deltona, FL Military Museum of the Borinqueneers We would like to thank the Military Museum of Deltona, FL for officially inducting the Borinqueneers in their museum and honoring the 65th Infantry with a historical display tribute. Be inspired and have the Borinqueneers inducted in your local military museum. See picture below. 10. Sergeant First Class Modesto Cartagena Featured on National Army Museum 2016 Calendar We would like to congratulate the National Army Museum Campaign Organization for featuring Sergeant First Class Modesto Cartagena, Puerto Rico's highly decorated service member, in their fundraiser 2016 calendar. 11. American Boricua: Puerto Rican Life in the U.S.Exhibition Please support the American Boricua-Puerto Rican Life Exhibition at the Birmingham Civil Right Institute this coming November 7. This is a visual representation of the Puerto Rican rich and varied culture with hopes to capture our veterans' contributions in future developments. Check out the link for more info: http://www.bcri.org/events_activities/calendar/index.html Contact event founder/organizer Wanda Benvenutti for more info: wanda@americanboricua.com |
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“Like” our Facebook Page: http://facebook.com/BorinqueneersCGMAlliance FOLLOW US on Twitter: https://twitter.com/CGMBorinqueneer Visit our Website: http://www.65thCGM.org Sponsored by: You Are Strong! Center on Veterans Health and Human Services www.youarestrong.org |
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Air Force Retired Veteran Richie Rodriguez
educating high school kids in Trenton, New Jersey about the
Borinqueneers. |
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Daytona State College Borinqueneers Legacy Presentation |
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Thank you Brooklyn Transport Workers Union for honoring the Borinqueneers at your "Nuestras Naciones" event. |
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| Let's support the American Boricua Puerto Rican Life in the US Exhibition! Copyright © 2015 Borinqueneers CGM Alliance, All rights reserved. |
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| Thomas Jefferson, 25 de enero
de 1786 Recognition of the American Revolution Spanish Patriots, Clifford J. Normand, Letter from Matias de Galvez to his son Bernardo de Galvez Judge Ed Butler, author of Galvez / Spain - Our Forgotten Ally In The American Revolutionary War: A Concise Summary of Spain's Assistance |
,Sent by C.A. Campos y Escalante |
Thomas Jefferson, uno de los principales redactores de la Declaración de Independencia de Estados Unidos, considerado prócer, patriota y precursor de las independencias hispanoamericanas por nuestros libros de Historia, ya en 1786, en carta a su amigo Archibald Stuart, manifiesta sus intenciones ulteriores de dominar todo el continente americano arrebatándoselo a los españoles. |
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Recognition of the American Revolution Spanish Patriots |
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In the March 2015 issue of Le Raconteur Judy Riffel published a previously undiscovered 2 June 1778 list of the Company of Volunteer Militia of the German Coast. This list contained many of the settlers of the area who served under the Spanish and assisted in the defeat of the British in the Battles of Fort Bute at Manchac and Baton Rouge in September 1779. Many members and prospective members with ancestors from this area were very excited to be able to have their ancestors recognized as American Patriots by either the Daughters of the American Revolution or the Sons of the American Revolution (SAR). In an effort to expedite three applications that had been pended by the SAR some three years prior due to a lack of proof of service, in June 2015 the SAR Genealogist General was contacted in an attempt to move those applications along. The genealogist general responded that the German Coast Militia List did not qualify since it was dated prior to the date that Spain declared war on Britain on 21 June 1779. This was extremely confusing since the SAR (and the DAR) had previously recognized Spain's assistance to America beginning 24 December 1776 when the King ordered Spain to assist the Americans in their battle against the British. It was then realized that a change is the SAR genealogy policy concerning the Spanish had been approved in 2011 but the impact on the Galvez Patriots had not been recognized. The problem arose since most of the militia lists that have historically been used date between 1777 and early 1779. (Typically 20-30 percent of new Louisiana SAR members are accepted using a Galvez Patriot.) This change in policy initiated a lot of discussion between various SAR state societies and the genealogy committee. A review of the policy was initiated by the SAR genealogy committee and at the September Leadership Meeting a revised policy was approved that returned the date recognizing American patriots with Spanish service after 24 December 1776. The text of the revised SAR policy: Sons of the American Revolution Genealogy Policy No. 2015-01, Consolidated Genealogy Policy Portion of Section 2.30001 that pertains to Spanish Involvement to the Cause of the American Revolution. Changes up to 25 September 2015 Any member of the Army or of a Spanish colonial militia who served, as shown by contemporary rosters, in a Presidio or garrison in the Spanish territories, bounded within by the area now included in the present day United States of America, and which Presidio or garrison is shown to have provided military or material support, such as a contribution of the donativo or participation in the cattle drive, to the cause of American Independence, may be considered to have performed qualifying military service in support of the Patriot cause. Any member of the Spanish Army, Navy, or militia who served in the Spanish Navy in support of Galvez, in the Gulf of Mexico, from Texas to Florida, along the Mississippi River, or were members of the Louisiana Infantry Regiment between December 24, 1776 and November 26, 1783, may be considered to have performed qualifying military service in support of the Patriot cause. Any resident of the Spanish territories bounded within by the area now included in the present day contiguous United States of America, who provided material aid or contributed to the donativo requested by King Carlos III in 1780 to fund Spanish involvement in the war effort, may be considered to have performed qualifying patriotic service. Exceptions will be considered on a case by case basis. Shortly after the approval of the above policy the SAR approved four applications recognizing these individuals from the German Coast as patriots in the American Revolution: Francois Daniel Madere, Francois Noel Dupont, George Kerner, Francois Clareau. Anyone interested in joining the Daughters of the American Revolution or the Sons of the American Revolution can obtain contact from the organization's website. |
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Teresa Valcarce, who was responsible for getting the
portrait of Bernardo de Gálvez hung in the U.S. Senate provides some
insight into the portrait. Gálvez is holding a letter written by his
father, but what does the letter say? Teresa provides the answer to us
below in both English and Spanish. |
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Querido hijo Bernardo, La felicidad de tus conquistas se
las debes a Dios y tus adelantamientos al Rey. Sé pues agradecido a
ambas Matías de Gálvez
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Dear son Bernardo, You owe the joy of your victories to God and your promotions to the King. Be, then, grateful to both Majesties to count with your loving father’s blessings. Matias de Galvez
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| Source: L A G R A N A D A The Order of Granaderos y Damas de Gálvez – Founding Chapter NOVEMBER 2015 w w w . g r a n a d e r o s . o r g SAN ANTONIO, txlulac2@swbell.net |
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AWARD
WINNING AUTHOR TO SIGN BOOKS AT THE TWIG BOOK SHOP This Book Written at the
Royal Command of HRM Felipe VI, King of Spain ____________________________ Retired
Federal Judge Ed Butler, author of Galvez
/ Spain - Our Forgotten Ally In The American Revolutionary War: A
Concise Summary of Spain's Assistance, (Southwest Historic
Press, San Antonio, TX, 2015) will be signing his books at Twigs Book
Shop on Saturday, Nov. 28, 2015 between 10:00 a.m. - 6:00 p.m.
Twigs is located at 306 Pearl Parkway, Suite 106.
For further information contact Twigs at (210)
826-6411.
This
recently published book has already garnered two book awards:
1)
"Best Revolutionary War History book in 2014"
awarded by The Order of Granaderos de Galvez, and
2) Readers'
Favorite "Five Star Award"
At
a private audience with HRH Felipe VI, then Crown Prince of Spain in
May, 2010, (now the King) the author was requested to write a book
about General Bernardo de Galvez and the support rendered by Spain to
America in its struggle for freedom from Britain (1776-1783).
Prior to that audience, Butler had written several articles
about Spain's Involvement during the American Revolutionary War, one
of which was awarded the Sons
of the American Revolution annual award for the best article on the
American Revolutionary War. Both
King Felipe and his father King Juan Carlos had written letters of
appreciation to Judge Butler. This
book reveals little known events and proves beyond doubt that the
contributions of Spain to the United States during the American
Revolutionary War were as great, if not greater than the support
rendered by France. Butler,
in 1997 also received the "Best
Family History Book" award from the Dallas Genealogy Society for
his The
Descendants of Thomas Pincerna, Progenitor of the Butler Family
(Butler Limited Partnership, Dallas, 1997). In
2009-2010, Judge Butler served as President General of the National
Society Sons of the American Revolution.
Judge Butler was formerly a Professor of Law at the University
of Texas at its Pan American campus in Edinburg, TX.
In October, he lectured history classes at the San Antonio
campus of Texas A & M University about this book.
He has recently been giving presentations about his book in San
Antonio, Houston, Galveston, Hondo, and Tyler TX and in Louisville,
KY. He
just returned from a swing through California, where he addressed the
California Society Sons of the American Revolution at their annual
Board of Managers meeting in Riverside, CA.
At that meeting His Excellency Ambassador Javier Vallaure,
Consul General of Spain in Los Angeles, called the book a
"wonderful account of
Spain's assistance to America." At
Santa Ana California he addressed the Society of Hispanic Historical
and Ancestral Research at the Hispanic Heritage Museum.
The World Affairs Council joined with the House of Spain, The
University of San Diego and the Honorary Counsel of Spain for San
Diego to sponsor Judge Butler's presentation in San Diego. For
reviews and other information please consult www.galvezbook.com.
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The Influence on my Religious Beliefs by
Refugio Salinas Fernandez |
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My mother was not my best pal, nor a sweet relative, nor was she concerned about hurting
anybody’s feelings with regards to her Catholic beliefs. She was not concerned about being
politically correct. My mother was my mother. She was a loving tyrant who demanded nothing less
than faithfulness to God, the Blessed Mother and the Catholic Church. A strict disciplinarian, she
wanted for her family to be saints, to become priests or religious men or women, if possible. Because
of this, most of her children grew up being faithful to the teachings of the Catholic Church. I
contemplated becoming a priest, until I met my wife. One of my brothers spent some time in the
seminary until he decided it was not for him. And my sister Maria Teresa became a Shoenstatt Nun
for almost ten years, before changing her mind, becoming a lay person, and eventually getting
married.
Reference Figure 2. From them, I received a copy of a hand-written family tree with more De
La Rosa names to add to my family tree. Not only that, but, I received a copy of a photo of the
parents of my great grandmother, Maria Guadalupe Saldivar de la Rosa. Their names are Jose Juan de
la Rosa and Maria Bernarda Saldivar from near 1900. (Figure 3) I found out they came to the United
States from Santander Jimenez, Tamaulipas, Mexico.
Further research revealed a Captain Vicente de Zaldivar, at the Valle de las Salinas, Nuevo Leon,
Figure 4. The Saldivar Ancestors of Refugio Salinas Fernandez to the late 1500s As a background for the wars of Christians against the Muslim hordes, the Moors, this
narrative starts with the birth of Mohammed during the seventh century and continues with in 714
AD, with the invasion of the Iberian Peninsula by the Muslims. The Muslims destroyed most
Christian (the Roman Catholic Church was the only Christian religion at that time) churches and
monasteries, or converted them to mosques. They killed many of the Christians, including priests and
monks, and raped the captured women to procreate their children. By 1000 AD, The Muslims had
conquered about ninety five percent of the Iberian Peninsula (all of Portugal and 95% of Spain) before
their advance was stopped. Many Spanish Christians escaped across the Cantabrian Mountains into
the land of the Basques where they were protected against the Moor invasions. |
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1) Perú: |
| Selection from El Imperio Español - misceláneas https://www.facebook.com/230525950296577/photos/a.558153300867172.145524.23052595029 6577/1182063961809433/?type=3&theater Sent by Dr. C.A. Campos y Escalante |
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Canary island web site, Spanish surnames and their DNA |
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- R1b1:
Western European origin. This lineage is also the
haplogroup containing the Atlantic modal haplotype. Basque and Celtic
people belong to this Haplogroup and they were among the earliest
settlers of Spain. 68% of modern day Spaniards share this origin. The
following markers are common to the people bordering Europe's Atlantic
within a couple of steps; DYS19 (DYS394)=14, DYS388=12, DYS390=24,
DYS391=11, DYS392=13 and DYS393=13. Barreto
- J2: Semitic origin. Mostly found in the Middle East, Mediterranean,
and North Africa. This haplogroup contains the Cohen modal lineage which
is found in about 5% of those with this origin. Sephardic Jews and Arab
Moors belong to this Haplogroup and they were among the earliest
settlers of Spain. About 28% of Sephardic Jews have this origin. 3% of
modern day Spaniards have J, J1, or J2 origin. Batista
- R1b1: Western European origin. This lineage is also the haplogroup
containing the Atlantic modal haplotype. Basque and Celtic people belong
to this Haplogroup and they were among the earliest settlers of France.
50% of modern day Frenchmen share this origin. The following markers are
common to the people bordering Europe's Atlantic within a couple of
steps; DYS19 (DYS394)=14, DYS388=12, DYS390=24, DYS391=11, DYS392=13 and
DYS393=13. Carbajal
- I2a: Balkans of Europe. In 409 AD, the Suebi (a Baltic people) and the
Vandals (an Eastern Germanic people) established themselves on the
Iberian Peninsula. Less than 100 years later the Visigoths (an Eastern
Germanic people) conquered Iberia, after they had conquered Rome, and
settled there in the year 507 AD. The Visigoths’ ancient homeland was
Sweden, which they had left around Christ's time. These three Nordic
peoples brought Haplogroup I and sub-haplogroups I1 and I2 into Iberia.
13% of modern day Spaniards share this origin. I2a is found
predominately in the Balkans where it probably mutated from
"I". It is also found significantly in Sardinia and the Basque
country of Spain (I2a2). Casanova
- R1b1: Western European origin. This lineage is also the haplogroup
containing the Atlantic modal haplotype. Basque and Celtic people belong
to this Haplogroup and they were among the earliest settlers of Spain.
68% of modern day Spaniards share this origin. The following markers are
common to the people bordering Europe's Atlantic within a couple of
steps; DYS19 (DYS394)=14, DYS388=12, DYS390=24, DYS391=11, DYS392=13 and
DYS393=13. Domíngues
- R1b1: Western European origin. This lineage is also the haplogroup
containing the Atlantic modal haplotype. Basque and Celtic people belong
to this Haplogroup and they were among the earliest settlers of Spain.
68% of modern day Spaniards share this origin. The following markers are
common to the people bordering Europe's Atlantic within a couple of
steps; DYS19 (DYS394)=14, DYS388=12, DYS390=24, DYS391=11, DYS392=13 and
DYS393=13. Domínguez
- J: Semitic origin. Haplogroup J is found in the Middle East,
Mediterranean, and North Africa. This haplogroup contains the Cohen
modal lineage which is found in about 5% of those with this origin.
Sephardic Jews and Arab Moors belong to this Haplogroup and they were
among the earliest settlers of Spain. About 28% of Sephardic Jews have
this origin. 3% of modern day Spaniards have J, J1, or J2 origin. Fernandez
- R1b1: Western European origin. This lineage is also the haplogroup
containing the Atlantic modal haplotype. Basque and Celtic people belong
to this Haplogroup and they were among the earliest settlers of Spain.
68% of modern day Spaniards share this origin. The following markers are
common to the people bordering Europe's Atlantic within a couple of
steps; DYS19 (DYS394)=14, DYS388=12, DYS390=24, DYS391=11, DYS392=13 and
DYS393=13. Figueroa
- T: Eurasian origin. This Haplogroup is about 40,000 years old. T is
believed to have originated in Central Asia, and have diffused outward
in many directions - perhaps migrating north to the Baltic, and most
definitely moving south to the Middle East and the Mediterranean. The
Phoenicians belong to this Haplogroup and they were among the earliest
settlers of Spain. In a DNA study done in Spain it was found in 10.7% of
those sampled in the Cadiz area of Spain. García
- E1b1b1b2: Mediterranean origin. Mostly found in the Mediterranean,
Southern Europe, the Middle East, North, West, and East Africa. The
Berbers, the Carthaginians, and the Moors belong to this Haplogroup and
they were among the earliest settlers of Spain. 10% of modern day
Spaniards share this origin. García
- R1b1: Western European origin. This lineage is also the haplogroup
containing the Atlantic modal haplotype. Basque and Celtic people belong
to this Haplogroup and they were among the earliest settlers of Spain.
68% of modern day Spaniards share this origin. The following markers are
common to the people bordering Europe's Atlantic within a couple of
steps; DYS19 (DYS394)=14, DYS388=12, DYS390=24, DYS391=11, DYS392=13 and
DYS393=13. Giménez
- R1b1: Western European origin. This lineage is also the haplogroup
containing the Atlantic modal haplotype. Basque and Celtic people belong
to this Haplogroup and they were among the earliest settlers of Spain.
68% of modern day Spaniards share this origin. The following markers are
common to the people bordering Europe's Atlantic within a couple of
steps; DYS19 (DYS394)=14, DYS388=12, DYS390=24, DYS391=11, DYS392=13 and
DYS393=13. Gomez
- R1b1: Western European origin. This lineage is also the haplogroup
containing the Atlantic modal haplotype. Basque and Celtic people belong
to this Haplogroup and they were among the earliest settlers of Spain.
68% of modern day Spaniards share this origin. The following markers are
common to the people bordering Europe's Atlantic within a couple of
steps; DYS19 (DYS394)=14, DYS388=12, DYS390=24, DYS391=11, DYS392=13 and
DYS393=13. González
- G2: Caucasus of Europe. This is a fairly rare haplogroup found mostly
in men from the Mediterranean, the Caucasus, and the Middle East. The
highest concentration of Haplogroup G men is found today in the Caucasus
Mountains, in several small states to the south of Russia, and in
Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. The G2 branch of this lineage
(containing the P15 mutation) is found most often in Europe and the
Middle East. The Alan Sarmatians were military allies of the Vandals and
the Suebi during the conquest of Iberia, it is likely this is the origin
of haplogroup G2 in Spain. The Alan Sarmatians' ancient homeland was the
Caucasus Mountains. About 8% of northern Spaniards share this origin. González
- J2: Semitic origin. Mostly found in the Middle East, Mediterranean,
and North Africa. This haplogroup contains the Cohen modal lineage which
is found in about 5% of those with this origin. Sephardic Jews and Arab
Moors belong to this Haplogroup and they were among the earliest
settlers of Spain. About 28% of Sephardic Jews have this origin. 3% of
modern day Spaniards have J, J1, or J2 origin. Guanche
- R1b1: Western European origin. This lineage is also the haplogroup
containing the Atlantic modal haplotype. Basque and Celtic people belong
to this Haplogroup and they were among the earliest settlers of Spain.
68% of modern day Spaniards share this origin. The following markers are
common to the people bordering Europe's Atlantic within a couple of
steps; DYS19 (DYS394)=14, DYS388=12, DYS390=24, DYS391=11, DYS392=13 and
DYS393=13. Gutierrez
- R1b1: Western European origin. This lineage is also the haplogroup
containing the Atlantic modal haplotype. Basque and Celtic people belong
to this Haplogroup and they were among the earliest settlers of Spain.
68% of modern day Spaniards share this origin. The following markers are
common to the people bordering Europe's Atlantic within a couple of
steps; DYS19 (DYS394)=14, DYS388=12, DYS390=24, DYS391=11, DYS392=13 and
DYS393=13. Gutierrez
- E1b1b1b2: Mediterranean origin. Mostly found in the Mediterranean,
Southern Europe, the Middle East, North, West, and East Africa. The
Berbers, the Carthaginians, and the Moors belong to this Haplogroup and
they were among the earliest settlers of Spain. 10% of modern day
Spaniards share this origin. Ledesma -
R1b1: Western European origin. This lineage is also the haplogroup
containing the Atlantic modal haplotype. Basque and Celtic people belong
to this Haplogroup and they were among the earliest settlers of Spain.
68% of modern day Spaniards share this origin. The following markers are
common to the people bordering Europe's Atlantic within a couple of
steps; DYS19 (DYS394)=14, DYS388=12, DYS390=24, DYS391=11, DYS392=13 and
DYS393=13. Ortega
- E1b1b: Mediterranean origin. Mostly found in the Mediterranean,
Southern Europe, the Middle East, North, West, and East Africa. The
Phoenicians, the Greeks, and the Romans belong to this Haplogroup and
they were among the earliest settlers of Spain. 10% of modern day
Spaniards share this origin. Ortíz
- R1b1: Western European origin. This lineage is also the haplogroup
containing the Atlantic modal haplotype. Basque and Celtic people belong
to this Haplogroup and they were among the earliest settlers of Spain.
68% of modern day Spaniards share this origin. The following markers are
common to the people bordering Europe's Atlantic within a couple of
steps; DYS19 (DYS394)=14, DYS388=12, DYS390=24, DYS391=11, DYS392=13 and
DYS393=13. Ortíz
- I: Nordic (Northwestern European) origin. In 409 AD, the Suebi (a
Baltic people) and the Vandals (an Eastern Germanic people) established
themselves on the Iberian Peninsula. Less than 100 years later the
Visigoths (an Eastern Germanic people) conquered Iberia, after they had
conquered Rome, and settled there in the year 507 AD. The Visigoths’
ancient homeland was Sweden, which they had left around Christ's time.
These three Nordic peoples brought Haplogroup I and sub-haplogroups I1
and I2 into Iberia. 13% of modern day Spaniards share this origin. Osuna
- I2a: Balkans of Europe. In 409 AD, the Suebi (a Baltic people) and the
Vandals (an Eastern Germanic people) established themselves on the
Iberian Peninsula. Less than 100 years later the Visigoths (an Eastern
Germanic people) conquered Iberia, after they had conquered Rome, and
settled there in the year 507 AD. The Visigoths’ ancient homeland was
Sweden, which they had left around Christ's time. These three Nordic
peoples brought Haplogroup I and sub-haplogroups I1 and I2 into Iberia.
13% of modern day Spaniards share this origin. I2a is found
predominately in the Balkans where it probably mutated from
"I". It is also found significantly in Sardinia and the Basque
country of Spain (I2a2). Ramirez
- I: Nordic (Northwestern European) origin. In 409 AD, the Suebi (a
Baltic people) and the Vandals (an Eastern Germanic people) established
themselves on the Iberian Peninsula. Less than 100 years later the
Visigoths (an Eastern Germanic people) conquered Iberia, after they had
conquered Rome, and settled there in the year 507 AD. The Visigoths’
ancient homeland was Sweden, which they had left around Christ's time.
These three Nordic peoples brought Haplogroup I and sub-haplogroups I1
and I2 into Iberia. 13% of modern day Spaniards share this origin. Ramirez
- E1b1b: Mediterranean origin. Mostly found in the Mediterranean,
Southern Europe, the Middle East, North, West, and East Africa. The
Phoenicians, the Greeks, and the Romans belong to this Haplogroup and
they were among the earliest settlers of Spain. 10% of modern day
Spaniards share this origin. Rivera
- E1b1b: Mediterranean origin. Mostly found in the Mediterranean,
Southern Europe, the Middle East, North, West, and East Africa. The
Phoenicians, the Greeks, and the Romans belong to this Haplogroup and
they were among the earliest settlers of Spain. 10% of modern day
Spaniards share this origin. Robles
- R1b1: Western European origin. This lineage is also the haplogroup
containing the Atlantic modal haplotype. Basque and Celtic people belong
to this Haplogroup and they were among the earliest settlers of Spain.
68% of modern day Spaniards share this origin. The following markers are
common to the people bordering Europe's Atlantic within a couple of
steps; DYS19 (DYS394)=14, DYS388=12, DYS390=24, DYS391=11, DYS392=13 and
DYS393=13. Rodríguez
- I2a: Balkans of Europe. In 409 AD, the Suebi (a Baltic people) and the
Vandals (an Eastern Germanic people) established themselves on the
Iberian Peninsula. Less than 100 years later the Visigoths (an Eastern
Germanic people) conquered Iberia, after they had conquered Rome, and
settled there in the year 507 AD. The Visigoths’ ancient homeland was
Sweden, which they had left around Christ's time. These three Nordic
peoples brought Haplogroup I and sub-haplogroups I1 and I2 into Iberia.
13% of modern day Spaniards share this origin. I2a is found
predominately in the Balkans where it probably mutated from
"I". It is also found significantly in Sardinia and the Basque
country of Spain (I2a2). Rodríguez
- E1b1b: Mediterranean origin. Mostly found in the Mediterranean,
Southern Europe, the Middle East, North, West, and East Africa. The
Phoenicians, the Greeks, and the Romans belong to this Haplogroup and
they were among the earliest settlers of Spain. 10% of modern day
Spaniards share this origin. Santos
- I2b: Nordic (Northwestern European) origin. In 409 AD, the Suebi (a
Baltic people) and the Vandals (an Eastern Germanic people) established
themselves on the Iberian Peninsula. Less than 100 years later the
Visigoths (an Eastern Germanic people) conquered Iberia, after they had
conquered Rome, and settled there in the year 507 AD. The Visigoths’
ancient homeland was Sweden, which they had left around Christ's time.
These three Nordic peoples brought Haplogroup I and sub-haplogroups I1
and I2 into Iberia. 13% of modern day Spaniards share this origin. Suárez
- E1b1b1b2: Mediterranean origin. Mostly found in the Mediterranean,
Southern Europe, the Middle East, North, West, and East Africa. The
Berbers, the Carthaginians, and the Moors belong to this Haplogroup and
they were among the earliest settlers of Spain. 10% of modern day
Spaniards share this origin. Suárez
- G2: Caucasus of Europe. This is a fairly rare haplogroup found mostly
in men from the Mediterranean, the Caucasus, and the Middle East. The
highest concentration of Haplogroup G men is found today in the Caucasus
Mountains, in several small states to the south of Russia, and in
Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. The G2 branch of this lineage
(containing the P15 mutation) is found most often in Europe and the
Middle East. The Alan Sarmatians were military allies of the Vandals and
the Suebi during the conquest of Iberia, it is likely this is the origin
of haplogroup G2 in Spain. The Alan Sarmatians' ancient homeland was the
Caucasus Mountains. About 8% of northern Spaniards share this origin. Tolosa
- E1b1b1b2: Mediterranean origin. Mostly found in the Mediterranean,
Southern Europe, the Middle East, North, West, and East Africa. The
Berbers, the Carthaginians, and the Moors belong to this Haplogroup and
they were among the earliest settlers of Spain. 10% of modern day
Spaniards share this origin. Torres
- R1b1: Western European origin. This lineage is also the haplogroup
containing the Atlantic modal haplotype. Basque and Celtic people belong
to this Haplogroup and they were among the earliest settlers of Spain.
68% of modern day Spaniards share this origin. The following markers are
common to the people bordering Europe's Atlantic within a couple of
steps; DYS19 (DYS394)=14, DYS388=12, DYS390=24, DYS391=11, DYS392=13 and
DYS393=13. Vasquez
- I2a: Balkans of Europe. In 409 AD, the Suebi (a Baltic people) and the
Vandals (an Eastern Germanic people) established themselves on the
Iberian Peninsula. Less than 100 years later the Visigoths (an Eastern
Germanic people) conquered Iberia, after they had conquered Rome, and
settled there in the year 507 AD. The Visigoths’ ancient homeland was
Sweden, which they had left around Christ's time. These three Nordic
peoples brought Haplogroup I and sub-haplogroups I1 and I2 into Iberia.
13% of modern day Spaniards share this origin. I2a is found
predominately in the Balkans where it probably mutated from
"I". It is also found significantly in Sardinia and the Basque
country of Spain (I2a2).
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FAMILY HISTORY RESEARCH |
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The Latino Guide to Creating Family Histories
Handbook for Students, Parents, and Teachers Authors: Dr. Julian Nava, Kirk Whisler, Esteban Torres, Mimi Lozano, Ed Moreno Ancestry Mexico Launches with more than 220 Million Searchable Records Ancestry Family Tree Creator Colecciones del registro civil que la compañía Ancestry ofrece New FamilySearch Collections Update, Nov 9th, 2015 FamilySearch Family History Center 30th Anniversary |
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The Latino Guide to Creating Family Histories
Handbook
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| Details about The Latino Guide to Creating Family Histories: It's never too early to start learning about one's heritage. This book contains three manuals for writing one's family history: Student, Parent, and Teacher Guides. It can be used by classes from upper elementary school through college - as well as by parents and children to better understand their heritage. The Student Manual guides the efforts of research and writing, with tips on interviews and organization of materials for the writing of the student's first book. The Parents' Manual stresses ways to help the child author with encouragement, family documents, and persons to contact. There is a parent manual in Spanish to meet the needs we commonly find of monolingual parents. The Teachers Guide contains tips for arousing student interest in their family history as far back as grandparents and family friends. The use of a computer and access to the web are helpful but not required. Grade level and motivation are factors that will shape the scope and breath of the family history project. The final section of the book is devoted to a detailed presentation of the top 350 Hispanic surnames - names that are used by 64% of all Latinos in the USA. Students, parents, and teachers all will have fun seeing whose names is more popular and how they rank. Writing a family history is depicted as a life-long adventure in search of one's, heritage. The first edition of the project lends itself to additions over time. The final family history can be suitable for printing as a gift on special occasions. Various aspects of the learning curriculum are benefited by this effort. The author, Dr. Juan Nava was the first Latino elected to the Los Angeles Unified School Board and also served as the U.S. Ambassador to Mexico. Includes: Satisfaction guarantee
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Ancestry Mexico Launches with more
than |
Ancestry Family Tree Creator |
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| From: Sara Ines Calderon <saraines.calderon@gmail.com> Date: October 28, 2015 at 6:58:01 PM CST Subject: [Historia] Historia | Ancestry Mexico Launches with More than 220 Million Searchable Records We are pleased to announce the launch of new online services that will help Mexicans and the estimated 34 million Mexican Americans* research their family history. http://blogs.ancestry.com/ancestry/2015/10/28/ancestry- mexico-launches-with-more-than-220-million-searchable- mexican-historical-records/ More than 220 million searchable historical records from Mexico, including new birth, marriage, and death records dating back to the 1500s are now available on the Ancestry site, many of them important historical records never before available online. _______________________________________ Historia-l mailing list Historia-l@mail.cas.unt.edu https://mail.cas.unt.edu/mailman/listinfo/historia-l Sent by Juan Marinez jmarinezmaya@gmail.com
El Registro civil de Mexico ha sido indexado y publicado en Ancestry |
I came across your page (http://somosprimos.com/resources.htm) and think you are developing a great collection of genealogy resources. I see that you already have a link to Ancestry.com. I was wondering if you’d be willing to include an additional link to a more specialized page as well. It is our Family Tree Creator, a publicly-available feature of our site, that might be of value to your readers. I have included it below. http://trees.ancestry.com/ Best, Megan Wonderful Megan . . . it might just open the door to get some people started .
Will include your information in the December issue. That will be good . . .
a free gift . . |
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Estimados amigos,
He recibido decenas de correo pidiendome las ligas para las consultas de la colecciones del registro civil que la compañía Ancestry ofrece, y es necesario aclrar algunas cosas que son dudas frecuentes: - Ancestry es un empresa que ofrece sus servicios mediante una membresía, con opción de pago en la moneda de tu país, ellos son quienes establecen sus tarifas. - Los miembros SUD tienen membresía de cortesía que tiene una duración especifica y no requiere pago, pero deben activar su cuenta desde: https://familysearch.org/partneraccess Allí verán el listado de empresas que ofrecen en convenio a los miembros de ls Iglesia SUD La direccion para ver todos los contenidos de México en Ancestry es: http://search.ancestry.com/search/CardCatalog.aspx#ccat=hc=25&dbSort=2&sbo=1&filter=1*3255& Aqui podran ver las lista la cual incluye: Nacimientos del Registro Civil Matrimonios del Registro Civil Defunciones del Registro Civil Y las colecciones parroquiales y del censo, que ya hemos usado En cuanto al uso de los filtros sería muy largo explicar en este medio como subir de nivel, como usar los WILDCARD, y otras herramientas que tenemos para verificzar nuestras búsquedas. Antes esta limitante de instruirles, confiamos que sus mismas búsquedas les den mayores habilidades. No olviden tener encuanta las variables que por malos paleografos tenemos (confusion entre U y V, G y Q en sus minúsculas,. etc) y consideren también que la ortografia ha variado: ernandes, hernandes, hds, hdz, etc.)
Benicio
Samuel Sánchez García
Presidente
de la Sociedad Genealógica
y de Historia Familiar
de MéxicoGenealogista e Historiador Familiar Email: samuelsanchez@genealogia.org.mx Website: http://www.Genealogia.org.mx Cell Phone: 811 191 6334
Desde Monterrey agrega
044+
Cualquier otro lugar
de Mexico 045+
Desde USA 011521+
Ayudanos donando un poco https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=RMCWU7BKWCT2Q Nuestra pagina web oficial la encuentras en http://www.Genealogia.org.mx Ayudanos donando un poco https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=RMCWU7BKWCT2Q Para publicar contenido en este grupo, envía un correo electrónico a genealogia-mexico@googlegroups.com. Para anular tu suscripción a este grupo, envía un correo electrónico a genealogia-mexico+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. Para visitar este grupo, ingresa a https://groups.google.com/d/forum/genealogia-mexico. Para ver este mensaje, ingresa a https://groups.google.com/d/msg/genealogia-mexico/topic-id/message-id. Para ver más opciones, visita https://groups.google.com/d/optout. --- Has recibido este mensaje porque estás suscrito al grupo "Genealogía de México" de Grupos de Google. Para anular la suscripción a este grupo y dejar de recibir sus mensajes, envía un correo electrónico a genealogia-mexico+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. Para publicar en este grupo, envía un correo electrónico a genealogia-mexico@googlegroups.com. Visita este grupo en http://groups.google.com/group/genealogia-mexico. Para ver esta conversación en el sitio web, visita https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/genealogia-mexico/CAC3zm9_rb8LO5Ti4730gvsk_fSh2GNf992-yntRiJnHMFzXQ5g%40mail.gmail.com. Para acceder a más opciones, visita https://groups.google.com/d/optout.
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New FamilySearch Collections Update: Nov 9th, 2015 |
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Ecuador Catholic Church Records 1565-2011, Spain Province of Barcelona Municipal Records 1387-1986, Italy Imperia Ventimiglia Civil Registration (State Archive) 1806-1913, and Philippines Manila Civil Registration 1899-1984 have large additions this week. To browse these collections and more, follow the links below.
Help Us Publish More Free
Records Online
Searchable historical records are made
available on FamilySearch.org through the help of thousands
of online volunteers worldwide. These volunteers transcribe (or index)
information from digital copies of handwritten records to make them
easily searchable online. More volunteers are always needed
(particularly those who can read foreign languages) to keep pace with
the large number of digital images being published weekly online on
FamilySearch.org. Learn how you can volunteer to help provide free
access to the world’s historical genealogical records online at FamilySearch.org/Indexing.
About FamilySearch
International
FamilySearch is the largest genealogy
organization in the world. FamilySearch is a nonprofit,
volunteer-driven organization sponsored by The Church of Jesus Christ
of Latter-day Saints. Millions of people use FamilySearch records,
resources, and services to learn more about their family history. To
help in this great pursuit, FamilySearch and its predecessors have
been actively gathering, preserving, and sharing genealogical records
worldwide for over 100 years. Patrons may access FamilySearch services
and resources for free at FamilySearch.org or
through more than 4,883 family history centers in 132 countries,
including the main Family History Library in Salt Lake City, Utah.
©
2015 by Intellectual Reserve, Inc. All rights reserved. A service
provided by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
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(SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH, 22 October 2015)—FamilySearch’s Family History Library (FHL) in downtown Salt Lake City, Utah, will celebrate its 30th anniversary on October 23, 2015. When the new facility was completed in 1985, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints was already considered the foremost authority on family history research. During the past three decades, the library has been hailed by genealogists as the top research and collections library in the world—a designation it still maintains—in part, because it has evolved to keep pace with the changing demographics and demands of family researchers and the communities it serves. “The Family History Library in Salt Lake City is unique in all the world,” said Diane Loosle, director of the world-renowned library. She explained the focus of the library has always been to increase access to the world’s genealogical records and help patrons make personal family discoveries. “To the family historian, this library is like Disneyland,” says Loosle, “There’s no place like it. People dream for years of coming. It is the largest facility of its kind and the largest of FamilySearch’s 4883 family history centers globally. Many people begin their journey of discovery at one of our facilities.” The Family History Library has been attracting guests and visitors from all corners of the world for three decades due to its expansive collection of resources and knowledgeable staff. “Most mornings before the library opens, people begin to queue up in front of the doors waiting to get in,” Loosle said. It appears the masterminds behind its construction had a vision of future demands. Plans that seemed almost grandiose when construction of the edifice was announced in 1983 have not only materialized, but have also led the way through the years to accommodate ever-improving research and information gathering options. It has come a long way since its humble beginnings in 1894 as a one- room repository of the Genealogical Society of Utah, just around the corner and up the street in a small building called the Church Historian’s Office at 58 E. South Temple. The five-story building in downtown Salt Lake City today continues to serve as a repository and physical point of access for FamilySearch’s now billions of records. Instead of growing numbers of microfilm and microfiche, the influx of new records today continues digitally through online indexing, patron submissions, partner exchanges, donations from various government, religious and private entities and local records preservation and access initiatives world-wide—most of which is made available at FamilySearch.org. The library continues to move with digital innovations, benefiting from the latest technology to preserve and provide access to the world’s genealogical records and increase the success of personal discovery. Progress in gathering, copying, and making records available has been dramatic and fast. Over 300 camera teams are digitally preserving historic records worldwide—over 100 million images per year—that are published directly online. In this age of 24/7 access to information and growing thirst for digital services, libraries across the nation are evolving to meet the changing demands of the communities and patrons they serve, and the Family History Library is no exception. About 25 percent of the 2.4 million rolls of microfilm stored at the Granite Mountain Vault have been digitally published online. The Family History Library itself has about 1.5 million rolls on site. As physical films are digitized, they are removed from the library. Insofar as possible, the records teams plan on digitally publishing all of the microfilm online for 24/7 access. In 1985 family history research was a very individual experience requiring each person interested in a specific record to scroll through microfilm or search microfiche. In 1985 over 600 microfilm and fiche readers were housed in the Library. Though microfilms and fiche still play an important, though less frequently used role, a large portion of today’s research is now computer-based. Today the Family History Library boasts 550 Internet-enabled patron computers while still providing access to over 200 film and fiche readers. The Library also offers free access to film, book, and photo scanning equipment to help patrons digitally preserve and share family records. The library is the hub of a worldwide genealogical library system—including 4,883 satellite branches in more than 100 countries—called FamilySearch Family History Centers or affiliate libraries. The library began serving about 2,000 patrons a day or 700,000 a year in 1985, and today, with FamilySearch.org and its satellite branches, it serves over 45 million guests per year. “We
know that many people will never have the opportunity to visit the
Family History Library in person,” said Loosle. “So FamilySearch has
been expanding its reach. We want everyone who desires to
discover their ancestors to be able to do so, no matter where
they live.”
Managing the Library Requires a Village Visitors to the Family History Library find an amazing collection of resources collected over 120 years and hosts of friendly people with expertise available to help them. The Library delivers with an impressive cadre of 45 full and part-time staff, and perhaps unprecedented for libraries, 550 full- and part-time volunteers or “missionaries.” The volunteers hail from all over the world, many of them dedicating up to 18 months—at their own expense—to help patrons make successful discoveries. The main floor of the library is specifically designed to assist inexperienced patrons in getting started. The floor has been outfitted with computers supported by volunteers trained to assist beginners. Volunteers and expert reference staff are also available for more in-depth research on the other floors dedicated to records from certain areas of the world. On its lower level, for example, is found the largest number of Chinese clan genealogies outside Mainland China. This level is also used for storing family histories, and overflow films, and books available by request. Requests for digitalization of these and other personal books can be requested here, and is done at another facility in Salt Lake or at many of the Family History Centers and affiliate libraries. “The library is not a repository for original documents as is the case with specialized archives; it is not an archive in that sense,” noted David Rencher, chief genealogy officer for FamilySearch. “But it accepts donations of published works of genealogical significance.” Books and serials are continually added to the library’s shelves—over 600,000 in fact—and the library is heading up an initiative with other public libraries to digitally publish historic books of genealogical relevance online—over 225,000 have been digitally published online to-date. Future of the Family History Library The library is focused on continuing to expand access to the world’s genealogical record collections to satisfy growing consumer demands. In 1985, the average patron was mostly retirees or professional researchers. “Today, the patron faces are changing. It is common to see working professionals, families, and even a growing number of youth amidst the stereotypical retirees and serious researchers,” said Loosle. Loosle sees a bright future for the library. “The library is still the best place to do family history research and will continue to serve that purpose.” In addition, the library has created a lab for testing discovery concepts called the Discovery Center, a family-friendly area where families, and particularly young people, can begin the journey of self and family discovery through fun and engaging activities. Over time, similar experiences are planned to be incorporated in the Family History Library. We anticipate the exciting additions will attract thousands of new patrons who want to discover their family history. The library will continue to develop and offer timely, free guest classes broadcasted as webinars. The schedules, necessary connection links, downloadable handouts, and recordings to past webinars are accessible online through the FamilySearch Wiki. The library also hosts a community block party in June. This year over 3,200 participants came and enjoyed a free family day including bounce houses, face painting, cultural entertainment, family history centric activities and classes. The 2016 party is tentatively scheduled for Saturday, June 11. Begin your family discovery at the Family History Library, online at FamilySearch.org or through a local FamilySearch Family History Center. ### About FamilySearch FamilySearch International is the largest genealogy organization in the world. FamilySearch is a nonprofit, volunteer-driven organization sponsored by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Millions of people use FamilySearch records, resources, and services to learn more about their family history. To help in this great pursuit, FamilySearch and its predecessors have been actively gathering, preserving, and sharing genealogical records worldwide for over 100 years. Patrons may access FamilySearch services and resources free online at FamilySearch.org or through over 4,600 family history centers in 130 countries, including the main Family History Library in Salt Lake City, Utah. Photo Descriptions
Media
Contact © 2015 by Intellectual Reserve, Inc. All rights reserved. A service provided by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
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Frances Rios, inducted into the 2015 International
Educators' Hall of Fame Dr. Angela Valenzuela, nominee for 2015 and 2016 Brock International Prize in Education University of Texas at El Paso’s Food Pantry opens to students in need on campus U.S. Department of Education Resource Guide to better support undocumented youth Valley High animation program brings the working world to school |
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Frances has been a pianist, piano teacher and bilingual storyteller for 40 years. Her ancestors lived in San Juan Capistrano, and she is a descendent of the Juaneno Band of Mission Indians – The Acjachemen Nation. Frances Rios will be inducted into 22nd Annual International Educators’ Hall of Fame. Frances expresses her love for her history, culture and passion for the arts by performing and teaching in small venues like libraries and for cultural events throughout Orange County. She believes music and the arts are important because they help children understand history and become patient, self disciplined, focused individuals. Frances taught beginning music theory and piano to children who attended the free after school programs at the Bowers Museum's Kidseum in Santa Ana. The program is attended by children from the surrounding low income inner city neighborhood. Frances also taught music and piano at the Women's Transitional Living Shelter. Women and children living in this shelter are victims of human trafficking or seeking to end violent relationships. Frances hopes her music programs will promote emotional and psychological healing for children and women who are recovering from lives of significant chaos and abuse. Frances Rios has dedicated her life to helping others and will be receiving the award on Saturday, October 24th from 12 p.m. to 4 p.m. at The Grand Auditorium, at the Church of Scientology of Orange County, 505 N. Sycamore Street, Santa Ana, where several dozen educators from around the world and about 100 youths will be feted and honored at the 22nd Annual International Educators’ Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony. Frances has a love for her history, culture and passion for the arts by performing and teaching in small venues like libraries and for cultural events throughout Orange County. She believes that music and the arts are important because they help children understand history and become patient, self-disciplined, focused individuals. Songs on CD: Rios- Spanish Songs of Early California 1. La Hamaca (The Hammock) 2. Pena Hueca (The Hollow Cliff) 3. Es El Amor Mariposa (Love is Like a Butterfly) 4. Adios, Adios Amores (Farewell, O Love Forever) 5. El Quelele (The White Hawk) 6. La Paloma (The Dove) 7. El Capotin (The Rain Song) 8. El Zapatero (The Shoemaker) 9. La Golondrina (The Swallow) The CD is $10. plus handling and postage costs. To purchase a copy, please contact Frances Rios: Francesrios499@hotmail.com 714-777-4386 Editor Mimi: I met Frances almost thirty years ago and have enjoyed her friendship and talent for these many years. This is a wonderful treasure. Although identified as Early California songs, these traditional songs were sung throughout the Southwest. This is a wonderful classroom treasure for Spanish classes, supplemental classroom activities for all ages, music educators, or for an event dedicated to a Spanish theme, do contact Frances.
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We are pleased to share that our colega, Dr. Angela Valenzuela, was a nominee for two successive years for the 2015 and 2016 Brock International Prize in Education. Named for Oklahoma natives John and Donnie Brock, this prize is awarded annually and recognizes individuals who have made a specific innovation or contribution that has significantly impacted either the practice of education or the field of education itself. It's about big ideas that change the ways that people think and act. By all accounts, this is the most prestigious prize in education in the world. To be sure, the continuing significant impact of her highly-acclaimed, award-winning book, Subtractive Schooling: U.S. Mexican Youth and the Politics of Caring (NY: State University of New York Press, 1999), combined with all her other numerous publications, reputable blog, and accomplishments, are what have caught the attention of the Brock Prize committee. In 2015, the award was given to Harvard Professor Howard Gardner. For 2016, Dr. Cecilia Fierro, a national research professor at Universidad Iberoamericana Leon, is the Brock International Prize winner. Not only is this nomination a tremendous honor to Professor Valenzuela, but also to the Department of Educational Administration, the College of Education, UT Austin, and the field of Mexican American Studies, generally. You can access Dr. Valenzuela's online portfolio at http://angelavalenzuela.com . You can read about the 2016 list of nominees here: http://www.brockprize.org/nominees2016 Sent by Lizzie Choffel lchoffel@austin.utexas.edu Center for Mexican American Studies The University of Texas at Austin November 9, 2015 . |
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| EL PASO — Ester Zapata, homeless and hungry after she started college at the University of Texas in El Paso, never forgot the pain, loneliness and suffering of not being able to find relief. So after she finished college, she decided to start her own program this year for low-income and hungry students at UTEP. With fast growing support from volunteers and the local community, a food pantry was inaugurated at UTEP in September. Miner Connection consists of an organization and a physical location that promotes the well-being of all UTEP students and seeks to create social change pertaining to hunger and food security within the campus. The organization includes faculty, staff, students, and volunteers who promote the use of the UTEP food pantry. The pantry’s mission is to “Help create awareness of the service, reduce stigma associated with hunger and food security, volunteer to maintain a functional space, dedicate time and energy to collection and distribution of goods, and conduct research regarding food security.” Miner Connection is dedicated to improving the health and welfare of low-income and no-income students. According to a survey of the UTEP student body, 760 students said they knew somebody suffering from food and shelter insecurity on campus. More than 25 percent of the students attending UTEP have a yearly income of less than $12,000, which is below the U.S. poverty level, so maintaining a steady supply of food can be difficult. Zapata explains that through her own experience she knows that malnutrition… Finish reading The University of Texas at El Paso's Food Pantry opens to students in need on campus Sent by Dorinda Moreno pueblosenmovimientonorte@gmail.com |
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In an effort to ensure that all students have access to a
world-class education that prepares them for college and careers,
the U.S. Department of Education released a resource guide today to
help educators, school leaders and community organizations better
support undocumented youth, including Deferred Action for Childhood
Arrivals (DACA) recipients.
Looking for more information from the Department of
Education? Sent by Yvonne Gonzalez Duncan |
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Jose Garcia, left, works with Jose Cordova, a senior in the 3D animation class. |
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Jesus Helguera Pintor de Almanaques Narciso Martínez, Father of Conjunto Desfile de las Animas en Soria, Castilla, España |
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Jesus Helguera Pintor de Almanaques |
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XyKLCO-8aog
Hola Mimi:
Creo que con estos enlaces se resuelve lo de bajar
archivos, solo es cuestión de buscarlos. Comprendo su aprehensión,
que es casi siempre injustificada pues ahora los archivos son
escaneados por los sistemas de correo. A mi no me ha entrado ningún
bicho ya por años, pero siempre hay que estar alerta.
Aqui diferentes fuentes de los calendarios mexicanos:
1) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XyKLCO-8aog
y muchos al finalizar !
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Photo:
Fred Zimmerle and Narciso Martinez | photo via www.alrendon.com/ October 29th, 1911 -- Father of conjunto born in Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico |
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On this day in 1911, Narciso Martínez was born in
Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico. His parents immigrated to the United States that
year and settled in La Paloma, a town outside Brownsville. Martínez
took up the accordion in 1928. Related Articles
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La celebracion de los difuntos tambien es en España
! |
 A pesar de todas las teorías nacionalistas indigenistas que nos quieran imponer a base de repetir mentiras ad nauseum, esta es la realidad del origen del Día de los Muertos:
Dicho por el INAH de México: http://www.elministerio.org.mx/blog/2012/11/origen-dia-muerto-europeo/
Nos viene desde los Romanos a través de los Espanoles!! Mira el enlace del INAH!!
Comparto este material para comprender mejor el origen y
diversidad de esta celebracion tan típica de nuestra sociedad.
http://www.conaculta.gob.mx/turismocultural/publi/Cuadernos_19_num/cuaderno16.pdf
Por si el tema les es de interés aquí os muestro una tesis de
una candidato a licenciatura en educación.
http://200.23.113.59/pdf/23586.pdf
Desfile de Catrinas el 31 de Octubre de
2015.
Esta tradición empezó hace 5 años y cada año
va mejorando. Se ha extendido a otras ciudades de
la República.
Dr. C.A. Campos y Escalante
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Para Todos, 20th Anniversary The International Society of Latino Authors The International Latino Book Awards The NAHP's José Martí Awards, Reflection of the Strength of Hispanic Print by Kirk Whisler Apple Pie and Enchiladas : Latino Newcomers in the Rural Midwest by Ann V. Millard Jorge Chapa Leaders of the Mexican American Generation edited by Anthony Quiroz Real Women Have Curves by Josefina Lopez, 5 landmark plays Liberty's Secrets: The Lost Wisdom of America's Founders by Joshua harles Amazing prize for new immigrant writing from Restless Books: The Lonely Book Review by Rodolfo F, Acuña Review by Felipe de Ortego y Gasca of The King and Queen of Comezón by Denise Chavez |
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| Editor Mimi and Yvonne
Gonzalez Duncan celebrated with Silvia Ischar on reaching the 20th
anniversary of Para Todos. "It was such a joy to congratulate dear Silvia in this accomplishment. I remember when Silvia started. As a teacher for diverse Spanish speaking second English language adult learners, Silvia felt a burden to help their adjustment into the Southern California community of San Juan Capistrano. Silvia, herself from Argentina, understood the challenges which the newly arrive faces, in addition to learning a new language. I remember Silvia saying "I want to make it easier for them." Silvia Ichar, a wise Latina. |
Wikipedia information: Para Todos (Spanish for "For Everyone") is a regional Spanish language magazines in the United States. Published by Silvia Ichar,[1] the magazine reaches Southern California Latinos through its local distribution, as well as subscription base. Para Todos was launched in San Juan Capistrano, California in 1995[1] as a community magazine for South Orange County, but eventually became a publication with much more content than what was originally intended, and has gone on to be the leading Spanish language regional magazine of Southern California. The content of the magazine is intended to be for women (79% of its readers are women), addressing them in a respectable manner and serving as a guide for small businesses, fashion, culture, community events, health, beauty and much more. The main headquarters of Para Todos are still in San Juan Capistrano. However, the publication now reaches distribution through Los Angeles. Para Todos has a readership of 400,000 per issue. Para Todos has a subscription base of 5,000, making it the only Spanish language California magazine with a subscription option. In January 2011 Paratodos.com reached its most successful month online with a record 15.9 million web hits. Silvia Ichar has won several awards for her work on Para Todos: 2000 - Small Business Estrella Award from the Hispanic Chamber of Commerce of Orange County[2] 2009 - Small Business Journalist of the Year from the Small Business Administration[3] 2010 - Journalist of the Year - Hispanic Public Relations Association[4] |
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After decades of being on the fringe of mainstream publishing, we strongly feel that the time has come for books by and about Latinos to finally get the attention that we deserve. The fastest way for this to happen is for us to work together and present a united front. Latino Literacy Now is adding an important new pr atino Authors (ISLA). Membership in the society is open to qualifying authors, publishers, and service providers. We hope you will join us in this exciting and important new project. (See the membership form on the second page to join.) |
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Seven Reasons We Need A Membership Organization
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| The 2015 NAHP Convention was held October 18-20 in the heart of Texas at the Dallas Fort Worth Airport Marriott. It was a landmark year for the NAHP's José Martí Awards, the largest Latino media awards in the USA. The 2015 Awards saw a 19% increase in publications entering the Awards and a 15% increase in individual entries. The NAHP's José Martí Awards are truly a reflection of the continuing strength of Hispanic Print. Nielsen used the conference to unveil Latinos 50+, The New American Vanguard: Healthy, Wealthy, and Wise. Major Sponsors and Partners included Coca-Cola, McAllen, Texas,
MillerCoors, Nielsen, Macy's, WalMart, and re:fuel. "Hispanic readers continue to trust our brands In both PRINT and DIGITAL formats in the communities we serve for the information that relates to them and affects their daily lives and futures. The José Martí Award nominees and winners exemplify that." stated Martha Montoya, NAHP Vice President, Publisher of Washington's El Mundo, and creator & owner of Los Kitos. Over the last nearly three decades the Awards have grown to reflect the evolution of the publications first by adding additional editorial and marketing Awards, and most recently with the addition of new online and digital Awards. Hispanic Print continues to be the number one source Latinos turn to for local news with 57% of Latino households using one or more Latino newspapers or local magazines on a weekly basis. There are now local Hispanic publications in 180 media market across the USA. Combined gross ad revenues totaled $1.17 billion in 2014. This is amazing at a time when many media are lucky to stay at the same level. While these numbers are still lower than the peak Hispanic Print year of 2007, they are growing. Hispanic weekly newspapers and magazines remain a key strength with a combined total of 455 publications in this category. More Latino publications were audited this year than ever before: 228 publications with a combined audited circulation of 15.4 million, an increase of over a million from a year ago. 47% of all Hispanic newspapers and 48% of all Hispanic magazines published today did not exist in 2000. No other print media has seen this many startups in recent years. This includes newsprint magazines. Online revues associated with Hispanic publications are approaching the $50 million level. 2015 NAHP José Martí Winners
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 NAHP José Martí Award Insights  2015-2016 NAHP Board of Directors  NAHP Board signing landmark agreement with the NNPA  Images from the 2015 NAHP José Martí Awards  Abrazos, Kirk Whisler Executive Editor 760-434-1223 | kirk@whisler.com |
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"Apple Pie
and Enchiladas" : Latino Newcomers in the Rural Midwest |
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The sudden influx of significant numbers of Latinos to the rural Midwest stems from the recruitment of workers by food processing plants and small factories springing up in rural areas. Mostly they work at back-breaking jobs that local residents are not willing to take because of the low wages and few benefits. The region has become the scene of dramatic change involving major issues facing our country—the intertwining of ethnic differences, prejudice, and poverty; the social impact of a low-wage workforce resulting from corporate transformations; and public policy questions dealing with economic development, taxation, and welfare payments. In this thorough multidisciplinary study, the authors explore both sides of this ethnic divide and provide the first volume to focus comprehensively on Latinos in the region by linking demographic and qualitative analysis to describe what brings Latinos to the area and how they are being accommodated in their new communities. The fact is that many Midwestern communities would be losing population and facing a dearth of workers if not for Latino newcomers. |
| This finding adds another layer of social and economic complexity to the region's changing place in the global economy. The authors look at how Latinos fit into an already fractured social landscape with tensions among townspeople, farmers, and others. The authors also reveal the optimism that lies in the opposition of many Anglos to ethnic prejudice and racism. Published 2004, paperback. http://utpress.utexas.edu/index.php/books/milapl This is a print on demand title. 308 pp. ISBN: 978-0-292-70568-5 |
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Leaders of the Mexican American Generation explores the lives of a wide range of influential members of the US Mexican American community between 1920 and 1965 who paved the way for major changes in their social, political, and economic status within the United States. Including feminist Alice Dickerson Montemayor, San Antonio attorney Gus García, labor activist and scholar Ernesto Galarza, and others, the subjects of these biographies include some of the most prominent idealists and actors of the time. |
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Whether debating in a court of law, writing for a major newspaper, producing reports for governmental agencies, organizing workers, holding public office, or otherwise shaping space for the Mexican American identity in the United States, these subjects embody the core values and diversity of their generation. |
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Josefina covers the topic issues of the Latino community as well as
gender issues with insights, humor, and emotions rarely felt in
theater anywhere. In these first of it's kind book of 231 pages she
shares FIVE landmark plays:
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Liberty's Secrets: The Lost Wisdom of America's Founders
by Joshua Charles As much of the world looks at the United States with disdain and distrust, it is time for us to take a cold, hard look at what we have become. John Adams said, "Our Constitution was made only for a moral and religious people. It is wholly inadequate to the government of any other." We have strayed from our clear moral beginnings to become an egotistical culture that glorifies self. We try to set our own standards despite Thomas Paine's warning that "man cannot make or invent or contrive principles. He can only discover them, and he ought to look through the discovery to the Author." As our society celebrates injustice against people who stand for their convictions, it's hard to forget the words of John Adams who wrote, "justice is a great Christian as well as moral duty." With the decline of virtue in so many areas of our culture - from twerking on stage to cheating scandals at universities to corporate theft by aggressive bankers - we should take heed of George Washington's warning that "liberty, when it degenerates into licentiousness, begets confusion, and frequently ends in tyranny or some woeful catastrophe." |
Liberty's Secrets exposes readers to the Founding Fathers as never before. They believed in God, Judeo-Christian values, and the freedom and necessity of religion in order to have a free and prosperous society. They believed in a free press and knew, as John Adams argued, "when a people is corrupted, the press may be made an engine to complete their ruin." They believed in a limited government, strong education, and private property. Liberty's Secrets is like having a front row seat to the congresses and conventions where these leaders hashed out the profound issues of life and society. Charles has cataloged all of the Founding Fathers' writings and inLiberty's Secrets provides an exposé of their profound yet glossed-over insights, delving into the subjects most important to maintaining a free society at a time when we most need to recover them. In so doing, Liberty's Secretsequips readers to use the Founders' knowledge and understanding to neutralize the cultural myths currently undermining American liberty. It is hard not to wonder whether catastrophe is upon us. If ever there was a time to grow up as a nation, now is the time. It is time to recover the morals and moorings of our Founders. It is time to rediscover Liberty's secrets. |
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Fiction submissions accepted September through December, 2015 |
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Not too many people pay attention to book reviews these days. This is lamentable since at one time they were the cornerstone of an academic career. It exposed you to scholars in the field, and just reading kept you current in the field. Today, most scholars don’t write them because, the truth be told, the academy does not give you much credit for publishing them. Thus they become a bother. |
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A Review of the novel
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Comezon is a town in Southern New Mexico like hundreds of other dusty little towns of mesquite and nettles, towns that dot the landscape of the Rio Grande and can be seen day in, day out. In Denise Chavez’s novel, Comezon is a fictional rendition of those small towns, especially those small towns full of raza—Mexicans and Mexican Americans. It’s a hoot of a story in terms of setting, characters, human foibles, and language—especially language. The novel reminds me of Chaucer’s pilgrims and Boccaccio’s fugitives from the plague. It also brings to mind Miguel Mndez’s Peregrinos en Aztan (Pilgrims in Aztlan). The narrative abounds with details about the town and its people bringing to mind the perspicuity of details by Flaubert—especially in Madame Bovary. The King and Queen of Comezon is undoubtedly one of the most well-crafted novels of la miseen-scène I’ve ever read. It’s a fantasmagora (eye candy for the soul) of creativity and delight. On reflection the novel is about “connections”—how each of us, every human being, every living thing on earth—the Cosmos—is connected to each other, warts and all. Philosophically, the novel is about the brevity of creation and the impermanence of beauty as well as the myopic mystery of life and the search for meaning in—of all places—Comezon, New Mexico. Throughout the narrative Chavez mines the characterization to reveal for the reader the actor behind the act. It takes a while to plumb the message of the author that life is about the eternal “Itch”—comezon, resident in most everyone’s heart and memory. The evocation of pathos arises with the realization that that plot of earth called Comezon is a dead sea of errant souls—feral children—each seeking absolution for esa comezon (that itch) from a God or gods unknown. At the seventh level of existence the novel is about the conflict between good and evil, between the Brothers of Darkness and the Brothers of Light. On first reading the opening pages, the linguistically deprived reader who reads only English may be dumbfounded to run smack into an expression or a break in the English syntax that changes into Spanish. The uninitiated reader might be tempted to call this unexpected shift in language: Spanglish. But that’s not the case. Spanglish is taking the word “truck,” for example, and transforming it into “troca.” What we have in Denise Chavez’s English lexical line is “code-switching,” inserting Spanish words or phrases into the flow of an English sentence then continuing on with English. This is not a phenomenon unique to Spanish and English. Code-switching occurs everywhere that two languages come into contact with each other. This phenomenon is akin to consenting adults who get together with resulting issue that can be surprising. Linguists call this phenome-non intrasentential alternation—nothing to be alarmed about—linguists like to use these kinds of terms. The Spanish-English bilingual reader will chuckle or bust a gut in reading The King and Queen of Comezon, not because of the binary code of the narrative but because the binary code (English and Spanish) creates more powerful metaphors yoked together. In the voice of a skilled writer like Denise Chavez, the result is gut-wrenchingly funny—especially if you’re a bilingual (binary) reader. Lest I leave the impression that you’ve got to be a bilingual or binary reader to understand or enjoy The King and Queen of Comezon, let me assure you that you don’t. For the most part, Denise Chavez provides an English translation or clue to the meaning of the Spanish word or utterance—not always directly but nuanced in the narrative. Where this is not the case, the context of the line provides the meaning. This is not a rigamarole but a genuine experience in the evolution of languages globally. In this sense, Denise Chavez is weaving her narrative on “the enchanted loom”—a real “menscha” (Spanish equivalent for the Yiddish word “mensch”—which means “to be a real man”—in this case “a real woman.” The protagonist, Arnulfo Olivárez, wannabe mayor of Comezon “es mas pendejo que cabron”—more of a dope than a muddler—not the bartender’s tool but someone who muddles through things without fully understanding what he or she is doing. This pretty much characterizes Arnulfo Olivárez, poet laureate of Comezon, who dresses up for the Cinco de Mayo activities in Comezon in a too-tight Charro suit that has seen its best days. The narrator of the story is not Denise Chavez in propria persona. The narrator is a Comezonite participant observer part metiche (a yenta) and part fisgona (a sees-it-all) who knows a lot about a lot of people. The language of the narrator and of la gente (the folks) in Comezon is sermo rusticus as the Romans identified the Vulgate Latin of the people in their time compared to the sermo urbanus of the privileged and educated. The novel is a rollicking story of what could have been (or should have been) and the memories of the best of times and the worst of times—por eso tomaban en Mil Recuerdos, why they drank in the tawdry, darkly lit, urine-aromatized bar in Comezon, habituated by the specters of yesterdays couldabeen (contenders), today’s wannabees, and tomorrow’s gottabees. The most crucial spot in town is the Cantina Mil Recuerdos (a thousand memories), the inner sanctum of oblivion and recherché du temp perdu (pursuit of times past). Mil Recuerdos is a hovel of walls full of holes with Jerusalem Crickets, niños de la tierra (scorpions) where dreams ravel and unravel as in an opium den to ease el dolor de los recuerdos (the pain of memory). What we learn from the novel is that “love” is the most irritating comezon of all. And “sex” is a close second. A pesar de todo (despite everything), at the end of the novel Arnulfo’s wife, Emilia, fat and with a deformed foot, sick and near death in the hospital squeezes her husband’s hand back when he squeezes her hand transmit to each other gestures of love. In the end, the novel turns out to be a “love story” despite Arnulfo’s conundrum of life as a choice between chicken-soup and pea-soup. After the read, we are left to ponder that which itches us the most—that ubiquitous comezon. “El burro al maiz”—manos a la obra! The burro to the grind stone—hands to the task. Renvoyez l’ascenseu—send the elevator back which really means “do a good turn for someone else.” That’s the injunction we are left with at the end of the novel. In this work, Denise Chavez has plowed new ground, fearlessly, scatalogically but more im-portant linguistically. She has chosen to write about la gente, the people, in the language of the people. Linguistic purists call that language Spanglish*, a derogatory and calumnious term that characterizes that language as bad Spanish and bad English, failing cognizance to perceive the emergence of a new language in the same manner as the emergence of Spanish, French, and Italian breaking away from Latin. It’s a great read, illuminating and instructive in the cadence of a seasoned storyteller.Ay caray! Ajua! |
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December
6th: La Primera Posada Mexicana, Heritage Museum of Orange County Latino rights group gives voice to poor Olive Street Reunion 2015 Orange Public Library & History Center: ‘Latino Americans: 500 Years of History’ Grant Jose Aguirre: El Maestro' in Placentia, Veterans on a Storytelling Mission Margie a la Torre Aguirre, author of LULAC Project: Patriots with Civil Rights |
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Latino rights group gives voice to poor |
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Imagine a nonprofit without red tape, no Robert’s Rules of Order, no nonprofit status so it can get the tax breaks that go with that – a nonprofit that simply does good for goodness’ sake. Never going to happen? It already has. It’s been happening for 37 years. Welcome to Los Amigos of Orange County, an organization so out of the norm its mostly Latino supporters meet weekly at Jagerhaus in Anaheim. (Yes, that’s a German restaurant.) It is a recent Wednesday morning, and Lorena Alvarez stands in front of 50 people. A school teacher, Alvarez looks down for a moment to collect herself. Still, her voice cracks as she tells her story of joining the Peace Corps years ago, working in a remote African village and recently returning with her daughters. Alvarez tells the crowd she and her daughters came home with a mission – to build a school for the poorest of the poor where Alvarez once taught. She hands out homemade “One School at a Time” stickers and asks for support. Within seconds, the crowd agrees to help. A woman offers to partner with a registered nonprofit. Samuel Magana, an auto shop manager, offers his backyard for fundraising parties and pledges $100. Mind you, most of the people at this gathering aren’t wealthy. To be honest, some struggle. But they are rich in heart. Sitting so quietly I didn’t notice him at first is the original president and founder of Los Amigos, Amin David, a man I’ve known from afar as a fiery activist. A few tables away is the current president, Cal State Long Beach associate professor Jose Moreno. These two lions shaped and will likely continue to shape our county. But in what direction? POLICE AND LATINOS I told David I was coming, and he’s prepared. After breakfast, David plops down an inch-thick honors thesis by former UCI student Jennifer Cole detailing Los Amigos’ history. I suggest we start by talking about the past. “Aw, you’re a fast reader,” David says. It’s typical David, managing to both compliment and frustrate while guiding events. At age 82, he also is less interested in the past or talking about himself than he is in focusing on the future. I ask about Los Amigos’ biggest accomplishment ever. Without hesitation, David replies, “We’ve punctured the shield of the police department.” David ticks off the impact of connecting with law enforcement at the highest levels: changing the way police treat Latinos, the homeless, the poor. “Making sure regular people have a voice.” The president emeritus of Los Amigos isn’t bragging. In fact, he’s being modest, especially considering police relations with people of color elsewhere and the “Black Lives Matter” movement. Other Latino-rights groups I’ve talked with agree. So does Anaheim Police Chief Raul Quezada. Los Amigos accomplishments also include helping struggling students pay for college tuition and in the past few years successfully pushing for district-based council elections in Anaheim, something David advocated for decades. The organization’s motto: “Nos gusta ayudar.” (“We like to help.”) Of course, helping can lead to conflict. Born in Chihuahua, Mexico, David graduated from high school in Sacramento, joined the Army, became a citizen and, under the G.I. Bill, attended the University of Arizona and Cal State Los Angeles, focusing on business. For years, he’s run two successful plumbing and materials companies. He has four children and devotes much of his spare time to Los Amigos-related causes. In 1977, David became the first Latino named as an Anaheim planning commissioner and currently is a member of the police chief’s advisory board. But there was a time when David was persona non grata in the halls of government. David also became the first Latino removed from the planning commission. Justifying the move in 1978, Anaheim Mayor John Seymour reportedly said David “politicized the Chicano community at every opportunity.” In the late 1990s, David and two others were the subject of internal police files. They sued and a decade ago won a $50,000 settlement. The state found no spying, but said police had used “extremely poor judgment” in ordering background checks. Former Anaheim Mayor Bill Thom said of David: “Amin can’t be bought off, scared off or pushed off. He’s an advocate for human rights and human dignity in the Latino community and he believes in it like he believes in his religion – deeply.” Mind you, David doesn’t say a word to me about those past struggles. He only speaks about what’s positive. While David and I chat at Jagerhaus, Moreno wraps up chatting with the last to leave the Los Amigos meeting and pulls up a chair. In some ways, the two men have little in common. Moreno is an academic with an expertise in Chicano and Latino studies. He graduated from UCI and earned his master’s and doctorate from Harvard University. CHANGE OF GUARD But in other respects, they share similar backgrounds. Morena was born in Sinaloa, Mexico. Like his wife, he came to this country as an undocumented child, was raised in Oxnard and started attending Los Amigos meetings more than 20 years ago. He became a citizen through amnesty. A few years ago, David knew it was time for a changing of the guard. Moreno was the obvious choice. Not only was Moreno a longtime friend of Los Amigos with an easy-going style, but because of academic tenure he is protected from losing his job if there is pressure against Los Amigos. Keeping with Los Amigos’ informal roots, there was no formal election, no gavel to hand over. Moreno was asked to stand before the gathering and offer to lead. With much applause, he became Los Amigos’ president. As with David, Moreno is more facilitator than chief. Of his predecessor, Moreno allows, “I’ve disagreed with him over the years.” Still, it’s clear there is mutual admiration. “He takes the hits; he takes the shots,” Moreno says of David, although he easily could be speaking of himself. “He gets called anti-white.” We fall into a discussion about what I call the failure of Latinos to wield the kind of political clout that reflects their numbers. Moreno says district elections are only the beginning. “We have tasted victory,” Moreno offers of the Latino electorate. He adds that poor, young voters – and that describes many Latinos – tend not to turn out for elections. “The recession really set us back,” says Moreno, explaining that average pay for Latino workers is less than $35,000 a year. During tough times, that means little or no cushion of savings. Why take on a nonprofit that that makes no money, pays nothing? “People helped us when we needed to be hidden,” Moreno says of his family’s early years in the U.S. “They helped us get amnesty when we needed it.” Moreno’s explanation reminds me when the gathering, without hesitation, decided to build a school halfway around the the planet. Sometimes, life’s reward is about paying it forward. http://www.ocregister.com/articles/-680197--.html |
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12th
Annual Olive Street Reunion
The
annual Olive Street Reunion took place this past Saturday the 26th of
September at Sigler Park in Westminster. It offered a chance to meet
and talk to old friends and look at pictures and keepsakes from the
past.
Families
gathered in groups at picnic tables at the park for the 12th annual
get-together. The crowd numbered around 200, about the same as in
years past even though the day was hot in the 90's. Most were familiar
with the event but we also had a good share of newcomers.
The
reunion opened with a prayer for all present and past participants.
Those that had passed away since last year were mentioned by name and
their absences were deeply felt.
A memorial for the veterans that gave their lives during WWII
and Korea was conducted. Their names are engraved on a plaque at the
park beneath the American flag. Six of the names were soldiers from
the Olive street
neighborhood, barrio brothers, some of which had family at the event.
The
gathering went on with lots of good food, folkloric dancers, people
taking photos, children running around playing, breaking piñatas,
with seniors talking and reminiscing. There was also anticipation of a
book to be published, written by Dr. Al Vela, that covers the history
of the Olive street neighborhood. Dr. Vela was raised in Westminster
in the Olive barrio. Everyone wants a copy.
Music
got some of the people up and dancing. "It helped with
digestion" one person stated. Others who could not get up to
dance showed their enthusiasm by swaying and clapping their hands to
the rhythm of the songs. The numerous raffle items had many winners
and the 50-50 went to a very lucky participant. The event that started
around noon ended around six p.m. with a well fed, tired, but happy
crowd. "It was to short" one person expressed. I agreed but
there will be another one next year, God willing. The planning is
already in the works.
Ricardo
Juan Valverde
west13rifa@aol.com
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Photos provided by Pauline Ramirez |
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Olive Street Family Photos |
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Veterans who Attended |
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The
Orange Public Library was awarded a grant of $10,000 to hold public
programming. The NEH has generously provided support for 203 libraries,
museums, historical societies, cultural and community organizations and
other nonprofits nationwide to participate in this program; our
organization is one of 55 selected for a $10,000 award.
Programming will include public film screenings, discussion
groups, oral history initiatives, exhibitions, and festivities
celebrating Latino history and culture. As
part of the grant award, the Orange Public Library received the
six-part, NEH-supported documentary film Latino Americans,
created for PBS in 2013 by the WETA public television station. The
award-winning series chronicles the history of Latinos in the United
States from the 16th century to present day. Copies of the documentary
film series will also be available for check out in the library.
Latino
Americans: Shared Orange Heritage programs will start in November 2015 and continue
through to May 2016. Join us
as we explore a new chapter of Orange history!
Sent
by Lizeth Ramirez lramirez@cityoforange.org
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To commemorate the
period Hispanic Heritage Month, in 2008, The Orange Register asked readers to
tell their family stories of the Latino experience in Orange County. Grandfather, barber, leader known as 'El Maestro' in Placentia, published in the Orange County Register, submitted by the Hon. Frederick Aguirre, October 1, 2008. EMINENTLY SKILLED: In 1920, Jose Aguirre opened a barbershop on Santa Fe Street in downtown Placentia. He became active in both the civic and business life of the community. The license dates to 1933. COURTESY OF FREDERICK AGUIRRE |
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In 1908, Jose Aguirre, my grandfather, traveled from Michoacan, Mexico to Southern California. He came to visit his brother Dario Aguirre and his family. In 1895 Dario settled in Chavez Ravine in Los Angeles. Jose worked in the area for three years, then returned to Mexico. He was a carpenter, barber and farmer. The elders in the small town of Tres Mesquites selected Jose to be a justice of the peace. He presided over minor civil disputes and criminal matters. He married Martina Vargas and they had three children. But Mexico was engaged in a great civil war, the Mexican Revolution. The resulting turmoil forced my grandfather and his family to move to the United States. In 1918 my grandparents and their children crossed at Laredo, Texas and paid the Alien Head-Tax of $8 for each adult. We still have the receipts. The immigration laws were not passed until 1922. Up to that date, Mexicans crossed back and forth at will. They
did not even have to register. My grandparents could have crossed at the
river and would not have to pay the tax ($8 was a lot of money in 1918).
But my grandfather was a stickler for obeying the laws. He insisted on
crossing at the Laredo Bridge and registering his family's entrance into
this country. That year they settled in Placentia where they would be
close to their siblings. In 1902 my grandmother's older sister Florencia
Mejia (later Cortez) and her family settled in Corona. Sent
by Mercy Bautista Olvera |
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These veterans are on a storytelling mission |
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Every Friday for the past six weeks, local veterans have gathered at the Wise Place in Santa Ana to share their personal, emotion-filled experiences in free theater workshops. Now, their storytelling will translate into a free public performance at the Chance Theater in Anaheim Hills on Wednesday – Veterans Day. The workshops, which started Oct. 2, are funded through a $9,600 grant from the California Arts Council as part of its pilot program Veterans Initiative in the Arts. Arts Orange County, Chance Theater and the local veterans service organization Veterans First collaborated to launch and produce the free classes. Karen O'Hanlon, Chance Theater’s education director, guided the seminar-style workshops that allow the veterans to share their stories aloud. The mission of the program, said O’Hanlon, is to empower veterans to use theater to share their experiences and learn the dynamics of storytelling. The six weeks were broken into four phases: sharing, choosing, creating and performing. O’Hanlon started every workshop with everyone sitting in a circle and asking a question that encouraged each participant to talk. “The first week I asked them to answer why they joined the military. Some joined; some were drafted. I also shared my stories and why I didn’t join the military,” O’Hanlon said. “Then we play with different styles of storytelling, so I can get a sense of their natural storytelling ability and how we can use that in our play.” The veterans were given the option to enact their own story or allow someone else in the group to perform it for them, if they were not comfortable with performing their own. “So far a majority of the group will be performing their own story, but we do have a couple whose story will be performed by someone else, maybe because it is too sensitive or too difficult for them,” O’Hanlon said. O’Hanlon said she could see that the veterans had hesitations initially, just as she did. “You have expectations when you go around the house; some of these men are homeless, some struggle with addiction, so I wasn’t too sure if they were going to open up,” said O’Hanlon, “And they were hesitant too. Some said, ‘Why are you trying to make a show out of our stories, and making light of what we went through?’ And I answered honestly that the goal of this program is for us to connect and find therapy by sharing our lives with one another.” The age range of the veterans performing at the Chance Theater is 25 to late 70s. The group includes about eight men who have served in various military branches and fought in a variety of conflicts, including Vietnam, the Gulf War, Iraq and Afghanistan. Professionals and volunteers from Arts Orange County and Chance Theater, as well as O’Hanlon, transcribed the veterans’ stories and formed them into theatrical scripts for the men to perform. Air Force Intelligence veteran and Huntington Beach resident Frank Barry served from 1965 to 1973 in the Vietnam War as a linguist, fluent in Vietnamese, Indonesian and Hebrew. “These workshops are a wonderful thing,” Barry said. “It gives some of us Vietnam veterans an opportunity to tell our stories of the hindsight of history. “It also gives us the opportunity to interact with veterans from other wars. You’re looking at the Gulf wars, Afghanistan and Iraq, and very rarely do we get a chance to be together and share our stories together, and that’s why I am very enthusiastic about this opportunity.” Barry’s performance piece is “Orange Is the New Evil” and speaks about the effects of the herbicide and defoliant Agent Orange, used by U.S. military in the Vietnam War, on service members. Barry says his exposure to Agent Orange in Vietnam was the potential cause of an early diagnosis of prostate cancer. An excerpt from his script reads: “Little did I know that it was not the rockets or bullets that would threaten my life. It was having boots on the ground in Vietnam and the BBQ grill. Who would have thought a BBQ? It was customary for us to have a beer bash and BBQ after our flights – relief that we had survived to fly another day. We had to fashion our own BBQs out of metal drums cut in half, with wire for the grill. We did not pay attention to the orange ring around the barrels signifying they contained Agent Orange.” Through his theater piece, Barry hopes to bring awareness to Vietnam veterans and their descendants, as well as other veterans and active military members who have experienced toxic exposures during deployment. According to O’Hanlon, because of the diverse nature of the workshops, the group does not have a set plan of what the Chance Theater performance is going to entail. “When we get together we are going to determine what we are going to say, why we are saying it, who we are saying it to, and then we’ll talk about what the performance is about,” said O’Hanlon. Ronnie Guyer, another workshop participant who will be performing Wednesday, joined the U.S. Army as a two-year draftee in 1965-1966 in the 1st Air Cavalry Division Airmobile. He was deployed in the central highlands of Vietnam and fought in the first major battle of the Vietnam War between the U.S. and North Vietnamese, the Battle of la Drang. “This program has been honorable of all my fellow veterans; our stories are quite striking, and worthy of being honored,” Guyer said. “And I am so pleased that the Chance Theater and Arts Orange County have chosen to do so. It is a worthwhile endeavor and I hope it grows.” Guyer, who grew up in Garden Grove and lives in Chino Hills, said having O’Hanlon and other storytelling professionals mold their stories into scripts has been a rewarding experience. His story revolves around the Battle of la Drang in which he foughtoin Nov. 14, 1965. “As I was carrying the dead and wounded from helicopter to helicopter, I remember thinking. ‘Boy, there really are people in this world who hate the free for being free,’” said Guyer, “But I since learned that love is the only reality in the world, not hate, and the one thing that the world needs in this world is more love.” During the workshop sessions, O’Hanlon would write down words or phrases from the men’s stories. At the end of each session, she would share the words aloud. “At first the gentlemen wanted to talk about how they were treated when they got back from war, about drugs they were given, misdiagnoses and so on, but the words that I found at the end of each meeting were actually so uplifting. I didn’t expect that,” said O’Hanlon. “We talk about love, survival, different generations, responsibility. It’s just wonderful.” The show will run approximately 60 minutes, with a post-show discussion and reception at the theater. O’Hanlon said they hope to offer the workshop next year. “Every time I leave the workshop, I just sit in my car and think how privileged I am to see a whole other perspective,” she said. “The gentlemen really seem to enjoy it and share their stories and, most of all, make bonds with each other.” http://www.ocregister.com/articles/veterans-691025-hanlon-theater.html |
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The Early History of League of the League of United Latin American Citizens in California (1929-1957) and Gonzalo Mendez et al. vs. Westminster School District County, et. al.. Published 2009. 363 pp. Margie was the presenter at SHHAR November meeting, sharing little tidbits of personal history concerning the Latino activists who made civil rights history in California. The project report was made to the National LULAC convention for its 75th Anniversary in 2004. Well researched and documented, a real treasure of photos and data. To contact Margie . . mareflections@aol.com. |
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The House of Aragon, Chapter Thirteen “A New
Home" by Michael S. Perez Reyes Winery in Agua Dulce A high school senior, Miriam Antonio, fights for her dreams |
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The
House of Aragon by Michael S. Perez Chapter 13: A New Home Chapter thirteen provides the reader with a view of the beginning of Michael and Anna’s lives together in Los Angeles. The children were young and Anna was new to America when they began building a life together. He a man alone with two small sons, and she a frightened you woman with a young daughter to provide for. Anna became Michael’s governess. Later, they would fall in love. But this could only happen if each divulged their darkest secrets, tragedy struck and they did just that. |
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You can read the book in its fullness on your I-Pad at: http://www.amazon.it/The-House-Aragon-English-Edition-ebook/dp/B008PK2E3S If you do not have an I-Pad, you can read the chapters from the Somos Primos homepage, we will be adding them with the chapter introductions. Go tohttp://somosprimos.com/michaelperez/michaelperez.htm Michael Brakefort-Grant is a Pen name for Michael S. Perez. If you would like to contact Michael, please contact me. 714-894-8161 ~ Mimi
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The gig: At 65, Robert Reyes is living his childhood dream of running a vineyard and winery. Reyes owns Reyes Winery in Agua Dulce, situated on a 17-acre hillside near the Angeles National Forest in northern Los Angeles County. His reds and whites, which sell for $18 to $35 a bottle, have won 62 awards in less than four years of commercial operation. Finding his way into the wine trade followed decades of setbacks and success, capped by his 2015 Lifetime Achievement Award from the Latin Business Assn. Orange wine: Reyes grew up in the Dominican Republic and remembers that his Aunt Emma frequently brought her homemade fruit wines to family gatherings. "I sipped some of her orange wine," Reyes said. "I remember thinking some day it would be fun to learn how to do that." Reyes came to the U.S. at age 14 and later studied at Monroe Business School in the Bronx, earning an associate degree in business administration with "an emphasis on computer programming and operations." Branching out: Reyes worked as a programmer for Great American Insurance Group but after less than two years he got the itch to run things his way. He opened a small sewing business after the insurance company transferred him to Los Angeles. "The sewing business was started with a few dollars from my paychecks," Reyes said, "plus a few dollars borrowed from a couple of friends. And a wing and a prayer." At age 22, Reyes started making blouses with eight employees; within a few years, he employed 25 people. A different blend: Reyes wasn't going to depend on one business; he studied to become a real estate agent, then used the knowledge another way. He began investing in real estate, buying his first apartment in 1973 with conventional bank financing. In 1984, he bought a steel fabrication plant. "I always have a plan," Reyes said. "Know where you are going to be in a few months or a year or two years. I believe in having more than one goal." Out of the cellar: Hurricane Andrew in 1992 destroyed his biggest venture yet, a Florida shopping center. Just three years later, the steel fabrication company had to be closed when oil prices collapsed and contracts to build gas stations were canceled. Reyes also had properties in Florida that he had to sell at below-market rates because the interest he was paying on them was too high. "That is something you have to do at times to survive," he said. "When there are failures in your business, you just have to keep going. You can't dwell on it. Maybe you become a little more cautious, but you move on and do the best you can." Uncorking his dream: Reyes was back to buying, improving and flipping real estate when a friend called in 2001 and told him about a piece of land in Agua Dulce that might work as a vineyard. "He said, 'But there's already been an offer on it.' I said, 'Offer them more.' " Reyes got it for about $330,000. "I hired a consultant to lay out and design the irrigation system. I learned that from him. He helped me lay out everything and plan it." Reyes didn't start planting grapes until 2004. "At the time I had no idea what 16 acres even looked like," Reyes said. "I planted it all, not really thinking I wanted to go commercial." Taking root: "It took me 4 1/2 years to get a license from Los Angeles County," Reyes said. "It took awhile for them to figure out what they needed from me. There hadn't been a plan to start a vineyard in Los Angeles in many years." Cold weather was another challenge. "We lost all our grapes to frost in one night in 2011," Reyes said, noting that he had to import grapes from another vineyard that year. For inspiration, Reyes often turned to books by motivational trainer Zig Ziglar, whom he can quote from memory: " 'You were born to win, but to be a winner, you must plan to win, prepare to win and expect to win.' " Now, he takes pride in pointing out that Dominican Republic officials have turned to him for consulting help in improving its wine industry. No whining: Currently, "the water table is so low that we're having to truck in water three or four times a week, about 4,000 gallons each time," Reyes said. The cost is "about $1.1 million, and counting," he said. "We're in our fourth year. Hopefully we will break even this year. We're a little better known now, but probably 98% of the population in Los Angeles doesn't know we exist." Despite the hurdles, "I do not regret doing this," Reyes said. "It was a goal and a dream, and I still have a passion for it. I know a lot of people who would love to have a situation like this." He enjoys painting his own labels for the vintages. His favorite wine to date is a port that has been aging in barrels for eight years. Personal: Reyes lives in Downey with Rosa, his wife of eight years. He has three adult children. An avid scuba diver, he prefers the waters off the Dominican Republic. "Here [in Southern California], you have to go on a boat for a long way, wear a lot of equipment," Reyes said. "There, we go down to the beach and dive where we like without thick rubber suits. The water is clear and warm. It's uncomplicated there." Reyes also leads regular hikes up into the hills near his vineyard, where the participants' reward is a visit to the winery's tasting room. http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-himi-reyes-20150830-story.html |
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A high school senior fights |
| Miriam Antonio left her Koreatown apartment just past 6:30 Friday morning and walked in darkness to her bus stop on Wilshire Boulevard. It's a two-bus journey to Fairfax High School, where Antonio is an 18-year-old senior with a dream that seems tantalizingly within reach. "I live with my Mom and two younger brothers...The four of us share a bedroom," says the draft of an essay she is writing as part of her college application to several University of California schools. She writes of a neighborhood that "reeks with urine and alcohol," a place where she sometimes feels unsafe. "I keep in mind that in order to be successful, we must be greater than what we suffer." Antonio boarded a bus that was packed with people on their way to work, many of them standing and swaying as the vehicle lurched westward into the first light of day. She took a seat next to a middle-aged woman from Compton who said it takes her 90 minutes on two trains and a bus to get to her nursing job at the VA hospital. In the narrative Antonio has been constructing for herself since middle school, she'll have an important, high-profile job one day. The cost of a college education will certainly be out of reach, but she'll get around that by earning a scholarship. She will not lose focus despite having to tutor and care for her brothers while her mother, who works a graveyard shift as a janitor, is resting for the next shift. Nor will she be deterred by distractions like her parents' estrangement. Antonio tells herself she will get through all that, complete her undergraduate work, go on to study constitutional law, enter politics, pull her family out of poverty and lift the hopes of those born into circumstances like the ones she has known since birth. "My life has not been easy," Antonio says in her essay, "but I always keep in mind that it could be worse and that keeps me motivated to get through all the challenges and obstacles that I might face." On the way to school, Antonio flipped through the last pages of a yellowed hard-bound copy of Oscar Wilde's "The Picture of Dorian Gray," which a friend recommended. It's a book whose many great lines include, "The basis of optimism is sheer terror." Antonio can relate. Her future is filled with possibilities, and she has to believe she can succeed. But she has her heart set on attending a top-tier university such as USC or UCLA, and she knows that getting accepted is no sure bet. Her grades are strong, but not spectacular, same as her SAT score. Another concern: What if she makes the cut, but doesn't earn a large enough scholarship to cover all the costs, even with student loans and a part-time job? College, even for middle-class families, can be a crushing burden. Antonio's fallback plan is to go to community college, get a job, save money and transfer later to a great four-year-school. But after several years of imagining herself in a bigger dream, she can't let go of it. "I feel like I've put a lot of hard work into preparing for this," said Antonio, and she was talking about more than schoolwork. When I met her, in January, she was attending a forum for Los Angeles Unified school board candidates and leading a voter registration drive at her school. Now she heads a club focused on tamping down campus bullying and racism. Summer was no break from being busy. Antonio went to a youth leadership conference in Washington, D.C., and began researching scholarship opportunities. She preaches the gospel of civic engagement as a member of the United Way Student Leadership program, and she was a paid clerical intern for a school board member. "She's extremely self-taught and self-motivated and wants to give back to her family and her community," said Sara Mooney, a United Way mentor who is helping Antonio with her college applications. "I'm always so humbled by her." Earlier this year, Antonio told me she admired Martin Luther King Jr., Rosa Parks and Cesar Chavez for addressing injustice in ways that made for lasting change. But the hero in her life, she says, is her mother. "She always wanted me to go to college. That's how she raised me.... She says, 'If you get into the university of your dreams, don't worry about money because we can always get loans.'" Her mother, whose name is Araceli, works hard seven days a week, Antonio said, and she doesn't want to add to her mom's burdens. So she hasn't told her about the SAT prep courses she should probably take, if she gives the test one last try. That would be expensive, but her mother would say yes, of course, as she did when Antonio needed braces that weren't entirely covered by insurance. Antonio still feels sick about having once begged her mother for money to go to a friend's birthday party at Six Flags. Of course her mother gave in, dipping into the small stash she keeps for emergencies or something nice, like a family trip to the movies. Antonio hasn't told her mother about the $500 graduation package that includes tickets to the ceremony, graduation robe, photos and class trips. Her plan is to finish her college applications and then get a part-time job so she can pay for that herself. I wonder, though, if these are things her mother already knows. "I'm very proud of her," Araceli said in the family's small apartment, which they share with two relatives — six people, total, in a two-bedroom. The soft, late-afternoon light, streaming through the window, caught the tears that streaked Araceli's face as she spoke of her daughter's drive to do good and to do well. With so much going on right now, Antonio is getting no more than five or six hours of sleep at night, but still likes to be up at 5:30 so she can get to school early, relax and review her notes before class. She's taking Advanced Placement statistics, Advanced Placement government and politics, honors English, French, physics and law, so the load is heavy. I bumped into one of her teachers, Bonnie Robinson, and asked what kind of student Antonio is. "The kind of student who comes in on the first day and sits in the front row so she doesn't miss anything," Robinson said. The kind of student whose closing lines in a college application are these: "I know I have high goals and aspirations but that's what pushes me to work hard. Ellen Johnson Sirleaf once said, 'If your dreams do not scare you, they are not big enough.'" http://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-lopez-miriam-20151101-column.html |
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Campaign to Promote Ethnic Studies From Logan Heights to the United Nations, new series ‘Latinos in San Diego’ |
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Join or
learn more about LEAD activities, events or programs on any of our
social networks, partnerships or education projects -- LEAD - Latino Education Projects LEAD - About Us Video |
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The purpose of our movement, which was launched at this first-ever conference, was to commit to promote ethnic studies at all levels of the educational system, to discuss the state of Ethnic Studies in California, Arizona and Texas, and present new models that enhance Ethnic Studies in K-12, based on local-control school board policies and partnerships between schools with colleges and universities. The highlights included the El Rancho USD Ethnic Studies Requirement Historical Precedent; Carson H.S.-CSULB Chicano & Latino Studies College-Credit Model; Case studies on the Arizona & Texas struggles, and panels on American Indian, Chicano/Latino, Asian/Asian American and Africana Studies; and the role of students, parents and communities on expanding Ethnic Studies. Since we began our campaign, the ethnic studies movement has taken on various shapes and brought in various players, just in California alone. To date, the following school districts have moved to make Ethnic Studies a HS graduation requirement: |
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To date, the following school districts have moved to make Ethnic Studies a
High School graduation requirement:
Coachella Valley USD
El Rancho USD
Los Angeles USD
Sacramento USD
Basset USD
Montebello USD
El Monte USD
Woodland USD
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At the same time the following districts have established and/or expanded Ethnic Studies programs in their districts over the past year: San Francisco USD Oakland USD San Juan USD Santa Ana USD Azusa USD San Diego USD Long Beach USD Lakewood USD Pomona USD |
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| Additionally, there are now active campaigns in the Inland Empire, Ventura County, San Diego County, and soon Orange and Santa
Barbara Counties. If you support these efforts we ask that you first consider the El Rancho and Long Beach Models as the gold standard for how to enhance Ethnic Studies in K-12, based on local-control school board policies and partnerships between schools with colleges and universities. For more information on this model please contact: Prof. Armando Vazquez-Ramos, Coordinator, California-Mexico Project, and Long Beach Ethnic Studies Program CSULB Chicano and Latino Studies Department http://california-mexicocenter.org/ Email: Armando.Vazquez-Ramos@csulb.edu Phone: (562) 985-2847 Additionally, Ethnic Studies Now! has been building capacity that includes supporting community leaders in school districts across California and beyond in making Ethnic Studies accessible to all students. These include assisting to pass Resolutions calling for Ethnic Studies, organizing Speak-Outs, with blogs, research, and a tool kit. For more information on this please contact: José Lara, Coordinating Committee Member, Ethnic Studies Now Coalition http://www.ethnicstudiesnow.com info@ethnicstudiesnow.com Tel. (213) 267-9031 Fax. (323) 844-0110 You may donate to www.ethnicstudiesnow.com/donate Thank you - Gracias, EM --------------------------------------------------- Enrique G. Murillo, Jr., Ph.D. Executive Director - LEAD Organization 5500 University Parkway / Room CE-305 San Bernardino, CA 92407 emurillo@csusb.edu | Tel: 909-537-5632 | Fax: 909-537-7040 |
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Lilia Lopez: From Logan Heights to the United Nations Introducing new series ‘Latinos in San Diego’ By Maria E. Garcia San Diego Free Press Grassroots News & Progressive Views, October 17, 2015 |
If you have not met eighty-seven year old Lilia Lopez, wife, mother, friend, feminist and activist, you have missed out on a woman who has influenced many people. She has worked diligently to improve the lives of women, not only in San Diego, but all over the country and Mexico and Europe. Lilia says that I am responsible for her becoming involved in Chicano issues. While I was a student teacher at Lowell Elementary School in the 1970s, I invited her to attend a meeting with a group of moms. She says that was when she understood the injustices the women were facing she couldn’t sit back and do nothing. Lilia did not need me or anyone else to take the leadership role in so many issues that affected Latinas. She was horrified at the injustice towards women and the lack of hope for a better future. Her actions have not only supported women, but over her many years of involvement, Lilia has advocated for youth programs, as well as senior citizens programs. Her participation on various advisory boards goes back to the 1970s with the San Diego County Alcoholism Advisory Board, and the old Model City Advisory Board. Her concern focused on women who did not have the skills they needed to find jobs, who despite their limitations, wanted a better life for their children and who were willing to work to help improve their future. She’ll tell you in Spanish: “Me duele el corazón” (my heart hurts) knowing that these women were being left out and seeing the injustices. To understand Lilia you have to know her background. Her mother was born in Gila Bend, Arizona, thus a U.S. citizen. Her mother’s parents were a Native American mother and a French father. Her father was a captain in the Mexican Navy. By pure coincidence, an aunt took Lilia’s mom on a trip to San Francisco. As fate would have it, her father’s ship was in port in San Francisco. According to Lilia the minute her dad saw her mom, he fell head over heels in love. They corresponded for a short time and then her mom left Arizona for Vera Cruz, Mexico. On October 18, 1928 Lilia Lopez was born in Vera Cruz. Lilia’s mother was very hard working and quite the business woman. By this time the family had moved to Mexico City where her mother had opened a small milk store. As the business prospered her mother continued to open these stores and soon had a government contract to supply products at lower prices. Her father was also business minded and had a company called Fedmex. The family had a very good life. A few weeks before she turned fifteen in 1943, Lilia married the love of her life, Joe, a man eighteen years her senior. Her parents did not want her to marry at such a young age. Lilia was very stubborn and threatened to run away with Joe. Her parents reluctantly gave in and Lilia and Joe were married. Lilia was educated at the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. She had been a psychology student for two years. For many years Lilia lived a successful active life in Mexico City. She worked for the Mexican newspaper Excélsior. While working there, at the age of nineteen she organized La Feria del Hogar. (Home Show) During this time she became pregnant. Her newspaper job allowed her to work and also be a mom. Her boss, Franciso Pedrocho, was the Director of Promotions. For the next fifteen years, Lilia worked in public relations and journalism. Her tranquil and successful life changed in the blink of an eye on the day that her mother disappeared. The family assumed she had been killed. They speculated that she was probably robbed and the body dumped somewhere. The family searched everywhere but there was no sign of her mom. This was very stressful for Lilia, to the point that she lost her vision and ended up in the hospital. Her boss, Mr. Pedrocho, came to visit her and she voiced her concerns about her mother’s disappearance. He told her she should have come to him sooner. He investigated and returned to Lilia telling her to pack a bag—they were going to the American Embassy. The Mexican Government had discovered that Lilia’s mom was not a Mexican but an American doing business with the Mexican government. They had deported her and she ended up at Our Lady of Guadalupe Church in Logan Heights. Lilia soon joined her here in San Diego. Shortly thereafter, she was able to bring her husband and her children. When she arrived in San Diego she worked in a tomato packing company, as well as a dry cleaning plant, where she organized workers to form a union. She says that activity caused her a lot of problems. She lost her job. In 1969 Lilia was elected to the first elected board of the Chicano Federation. The late Max Hernandez was President, Roger Cazares, was Treasurer, Lilia Lopez was the Correspondence Secretary, and I was Recording Secretary. In the early years the Chicano Federation was an advocacy organization and all board members advocated for issues important to the Chicano Community. As the only two women on the board, we supported each other on the various issues. If memory serves me right, I invited her to attend a Welfare Rights Organization meeting. Neither Lilia nor I was on welfare, yet we both sympathized with the problems the women were facing. She had very strong feelings that welfare did nothing to help the women obtain a better future. Lilia knew that there was a huge need for job training, ESL classes, bilingual education and medical services. In the early years she would accompany women to the hospital, Social Security Office and Welfare Office. Her role was that of translator, however, it soon became one of advocacy for bilingual staff. She also saw another problem that was not being discussed or focused on. Men were being included in various programs such as job training and women were being left out. She said women had the same abilities as men, but the programs to help them achieve were not there. She remembers telling women “If your husband does not give you money, tell him you are going out and finding a job.” She said Latinas would agree with her and would say it makes sense, but didn’t have the confidence to follow through. She also faced many Latinas who felt she shouldn’t include lesbians as part of the women’s’ movement and would question how she could “get along” with them, and why she would support them or include them in her circle of friends. Lilia would respond “Because they are as much of a women as I am,” adding that we must accept them and show respect. Lilia says many conversations took place to change the thinking of many of the anti-lesbian women. In the 1970s she was ahead of her time. In 1970 a meeting was held in Sacramento. At that conference Comisión Femenil Mexicana Nacional was born. Their focus was the Chicana and those issues that pertained to Chicanas. The first annual conference of the Comisión was held in Goleta, California where its first constitution was formed. This conference was attended by more than 300 women from every segment of the Chicana community. There were college students, professional women, farm workers and grass-roots activist women. Comisión Femenil was the first nation-wide organization to advocate for Chicanas. On April 13, 1972 the papers of the San Diego Chapter were incorporated and signed by Lilia as secretary of the organization. In addition to being a uniting force for Chicanas throughout the country, the Comisión became well known for participating in a lawsuit against the involuntary sterilization of Chicanas. The case was known as Madrigal vs Quilligan. The outcomes of this Supreme Court case were medical consent forms in Spanish as well as English and a moratorium on coerced sterilization. All of these historical events were part of Lilia’s life in the 1970s and 1980s. Lilia went to Sacramento to testify about the need for a job program for women. She was successful in obtaining vocational training funds for the women in the community. The next problem was where to place this training program. In a conversation with the late Father John Hurtado about this need, he asked her to give him a few days to work on a solution. Father Hurtado was an activist priest who could be seen on a picket lines and advocating for Latinos. He was a supporter of the Mass being said in Spanish, a topic that is still disputed in various churches throughout the city. He was extremely popular in the Latino community but was not on the Bishop’s popularity list. Father Hurtado arranged for the program to be housed at the Padre Hidalgo Center. Father Hurtado later left the church, but not before helping Chicanos progress in the fight for equality. In the 1970s a Spanish Mass was one of the focal points. Another point that was being made was the need for the Latino clergy to make their way into the hierarchy of the church. The 1970s was also the time period when Latinos were starting to drift to Protestant Churches. There was a feeling that the Catholic Church had failed the community when it came to social issues. Father Hurtado supported Lilia and Lilia was one of his biggest supporters. In turn they both worked to assist the Chicano community. The training program held graduations where women who had completed the ESL/Vocational training Program were recognized. These women were also encouraged to attend adult classes and obtain a GED.
Many of Lilia’s activities involved meeting or testifying about the
needs of the Latino Community in San Diego. A group that included
Enriqueta Chavez, Alurista, René Nuñez, Elena Pascual, Gonzalo Rojas
and Lilia went to Washington DC in the early 1970s to meet with HEW
Secretary Elliot Lee Richardson. The purpose of this meeting was to
advocate for youth programs.
In Sylvia Gonzales’ Los Angeles Times article, she also questioned
how Latinas could wage an effective struggle against discrimination when
there was no help from the male-dominated Chicano Freedom movement with
their reactionary “ macho values.” It is very clear that Chicanas
were united with women in general, but were also facing multifaceted
oppression. Sent by Dorinda Moreno
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NORTHWESTERN UNITED STATES |
| A Profile of Hispanics in Nevada: An Agenda for Progress.
In response to a question posed by Margarito Garcia on LISTSERV.CYBERLATINA.NET. The question was about the status of Latinos in the state of Nevada. Tom Rodriguez responded. |
"Some of my other books about Nevada's Latinos were: Quien es Quien: A Who's Who Directory of Hispanics in the State of Nevada (September 1986), A History of the Latin Chamber of Commerce of Nevada: 1976-1989 (September 1989), and Hispanic Profiles in Nevada History: 1829-1991, co-authored with Dr. Melvin "Tony" Miranda. In 1997, I published A Profile of Hispanics in Nevada: An Agenda for Progress. That book contained a great deal of statistical data on Nevada's Latino population, which in 1997 had grown to 124,000 people. The book detailed the major problems impacting Latinos in Nevada. That book also received a great deal of media attention. My most recent book about Latinos in Nevada is titled, Raising Hell And Making A Difference, subtitled, A Memoir of the First Golden Era of Hispanic Activism in Las Vegas, Nevada. This book documents my many activist activities on behalf of Latinos over the 33 years that I have lived in Nevada. Regrettably, all of the above-cited books, with the exception of Raising Hell And Making A Difference, have long been out of print. All of them, however, are in local libraries and state archives. Nevertheless, because the Latino population in Nevada has now grown to over 700,000 people, it is time for another profile type book to be written. Sadly, with the exception of myself and Dr. Melvin Miranda, who are now both retired, there have been no other published Latino writers in Nevada. I hope this response addresses your response. Below is a an article from Sunday, Oct. 3, 1999 |
Hispanics fight political exclusion
The
Las Vegas Valley's Hispanic community is more economically and
socially powerful than it has ever been. But
too many of its young people are still dropping out of school,
becoming pregnant, getting in trouble with the law and using drugs,
leaders say. Too many Hispanic residents of all ages still are victims
of crime and discrimination on the job. And the road to solving the
social ills is largely a political one, Hispanic leaders say.
Except
for a few notable exceptions, Nevada Hispanics lack substantial
political representation in the valley or the state. And the top ranks
of municipal and county administrators also lack significant Hispanic
representation, community leaders say. With that in mind, Las Vegas
Hispanics will be closely watching the political maneuvering in the
next few weeks as city officials fill two new ward slots on the City
Council. Hispanic candidates and political activists have been
actively campaigning for one of their own to finally take a seat on
the council. Even if it's an appointed rather than elected seat, they
see it as a critical step in eventually winning a proportionate share
of political power.
The
issues affecting Hispanics are serious. The dropout rate for Hispanics
in Clark County was over 17 percent in 1997. Nationally, more than 30
percent of Hispanics live in poverty -- the highest rate for any
ethnic group. And Hispanic teens also had the highest rate of births
-- almost 100 per 1,000 live births, almost double the teen-age
pregnancy rates for non-Hispanic whites. The accelerating growth of
the local Hispanic population makes these issues particularly critical
in Southern Nevada.
Thomas
Rodriguez (vegastomrodriguez@aol.com)
lives in Henderson and is retired after 23 years as executive
manager of diversity and affirmative action programs at the Clark
County School District.
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De
Riberas History by Michael S. Perez. Secret Drug Tunnel Found Between Mexico and California Why an artist painted a U.S.-Mexico border fence sky blue By Michael Walsh From Barrio to Washington: Two Chapter Extracts by Armando Rodriguez Francisco Vázquez Coronado is first to describe Llano Estacado |
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Nine on De Riberas History by Michael S. Perez. Somos Primos has been publishing the early history of Spain, and the Spanish colonization throughout the world, focused and authored by Perez in searching for his own personal history and identity. The chapters have been placed in under different sections in Somos Primos, depending on the predominance of the information. Chapter Nine of the De Riberas History provides an expanded view of New Mexico, after the arrival of the Spanish. The Spaniards came to the New World to live and thrive. As they explored and conlonized, that world changed dramatically. This chapter emphasizes how the Spaniards did this and how complicated the dynamics were. Concluding the chapter, Perez writes:
Here I
have taken an opportunity to include other related family names of all
five waves of pobladores and
soldiers who entered Nuevo Méjico
during the Spanish period. Among
my family lines from all five waves of Spanish entry to Nuevo Méjico
are names such as Abendaño,
Archuleta, Baca,
Barrios, Bernal,
Bustillo, Cáceres,
Cadimo, Carvajal,
Chávez,
Cruz,
Durán,
Escarramad, García,
Holgado,
Godoy,
González,
Jaramillo,
Lobón, Griego,
Gutiérrez,
Hernández,
Herrera,
Hinojos,
Holguín,
Hurtado,
Jiménez,
Jorge,
López,
Luna,
Mederos, Ocanto,
Losada, Lucero,
Madrid, Márquez,
Martín,
Serrano,
Monroy,
Montoya,
Morán,
Naranjo,
Pedraza,
Pérez,
Ramírez,
del
Río, Robledo,
Rodríguez,
Salazar,
Romero,
Ruíz,
Tapia,
Torres,
Varela,
Vásquez.
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released by Mexico's Federal Police shows an underground tunnel that
police say was built to smuggle drugs from Tijuana, Mexico to San
Diego in the United States. |
SAN DIEGO (AP) — Authorities seized 12 tons of marijuana and arrested 22 people after discovering one of the longest cross-border tunnels ever dug between the U.S. and Mexico, officials said Thursday. The passage connecting warehouses in San Diego and Tijuana, Mexico, was about 2,400 feet long and 30 feet deep. It was lit, ventilated and equipped with a rail system — hallmarks of the most sophisticated tunnels found along the border. Near-simultaneous police stings on Wednesday resulted in six arrests in San Diego and 16 in Mexico. Authorities recovered two tons of marijuana in the U.S. and 10 tons in Mexico. U.S. authorities said smugglers tried to move the first load of drugs through the tunnel on Wednesday but nothing got through undetected. The sting came after an undercover agent for U.S. Homeland Security Investigations agreed to provide the drug smugglers with drivers and the use of the San Diego warehouse in exchange for a $10,000 payment for each truckload of drugs that moved, according to a probable cause statement. The discovery demonstrates the enduring appeal of tunnels to smugglers, despite the significant time and money required to build one. Dozens of tunnels have been found along the U.S.-Mexico border in recent years, some equipped with hydraulic lifts and electric rail cars. The San Diego-Tijuana region is popular because its clay-like soil is relatively easy to dig with shovels and pneumatic tools, and both sides of the border have warehouses that provide cover for trucks and heavy equipment. It was unclear which drug trafficking organization orchestrated the latest passage but the region is largely controlled by Mexico's Sinaloa cartel, whose leader Joaquin "El Chapo" Guzman escaped from a maximum-security prison in Mexico in July through an elaborate tunnel. Mexican federal police said in a press release that those arrested on suspicion of drug trafficking told authorities that they had ties to a criminal group that operates in the state of Jalisco — an apparent reference to the Jalisco New Generation cartel, which controls that part of western Mexico. The Mexican suspects were caught off-guard when authorities arrived at the Tijuana warehouse with a search warrant, police said. No shots were fired. The drugs found were wrapped in 873 packages covered with plastic and tape. On the U.S. side, the tunnel entry point in a warehouse had no stairs or ladder. U.S. Attorney Laura Duffy said smugglers were believed to be using pulleys. David Shaw, head of Homeland Security Investigations in San Diego, said traffic to and from the San Diego warehouse was unusually heavy before the sting. The agency began investigating in May, he said. Isaias Enriquez, 53, and Isidro Silva, 27, both of Tijuana, were charged with conspiracy in U.S. federal court. Four others were to be charged in state court. Enriquez agreed in recorded conversations to pay the undercover agent $10,000 a truckload to provide the San Diego warehouse and drivers, according to the statement of probable cause. Two agents unloaded boxes containing 249 packages of marijuana at the warehouse on Wednesday, and one met later with Enriquez and Silva at a San Diego restaurant to arrange another shipment, the document said. http://www.usnews.com/news/us/articles/2015/10/22/major-drug-tunnel- found-on-us-mexico-border-in-california |
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| The artist who painted a U.S.-Mexico border fence sky blue to “erase” divisions among different countries was pleasantly surprised that it resonated with so many people — including members of Border Patrol. Ana Teresa Fernández, who was born in Mexico and raised in California, led about 30 volunteers for six hours in painting the Nogales border fence between Arizona and the Mexican state of Sonora on Oct. 13. “The idea behind ‘Erasing the Border’ is to blur the border fence into the landscape giving the impression that a portion of it is missing, an illusion of a hole in the wall, where your imagination is able to cross between these two countries freely,” she said to Yahoo News via email. Fernández, a 34-year-old visual artist living in San Francisco, said she spent about an hour looking at nearly a hundred Pantone paint chips to find the blue that most resembled the sky. Then she covered about 50 feet of the southern side of the 25-foot-high fence to give Mexicans a prettier view. “Erasing the Border” was the final project in a two-week tour across Arizona. People from all over the state came to pitch in — students from Phoenix, medical school teachers from Tucson and an artist from Douglas — as did Fernández’s mother and sister from San Diego. But, she said, the most important volunteers were from the very block where the work took place. Luis, a migrant who Fernández said was forced to return to Mexico after living in the United States for more than 20 years, helped paint the fence. Ana Teresa Fernández, the artist behind “Erasing the Border” was born in Mexico b … “He stood side by side with a Border Patrol agent, Javier, who also helped paint out the border. I never would have imagined that for a million years,” she said. Fernández said this “Erasing the Border” project went much better than her first one in 2011 in Tijuana, where she was almost arrested. She said the appreciation and support shown this time around by some Border Patrol members might demonstrate a changing of the tide. “I think people are ready for a change,” she said. “People along the border felt ready to be seen as a rich and important country and culture, and felt fed up with being viewed so negatively in the media.” According to Fernández, her societal role as an artist is to question what people take as “givens.” She said she wants to imagine new ways of responding to old problems and to shine a light on what goes unseen or unappreciated. “I hope that a little paint on a fence can offer people a possibility to imagine less physical divides amongst cultures and countries and a different, more physical mode of connection,” she said. Fernández said the project will be up indefinitely, and she hopes to paint more fences blue in other border states.http://news.yahoo.com/why-an-artist-painted-a-u-s--mexico-border-fence-sky-blue-194325440.html?soc_src=mail&soc_trk=ma Sent by Mercy Bautista Olvera scarlett_mbo@yahoo.com
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From Barrio to Washington: Two Chapter Extracts |
We offer two chapters extracted from the author’s autobiography which covers a lifetime of service to his community and his country: recommended reading as an inspiration to all ages and for the little known history of significant events in the Chicano Movement of which he was a part. Source: Somos en escrito: The Latino literary online magazine. Armando Rendon, posted 12th Sept 2011 Chapter One: The Early Years, 1921-34 What would be the odds of a poor Mexican boy, thirteenth kid in a family of fourteen, making it big in the rich country to the north? Long odds? Oh, but they get longer than that. Let's say the kid was short and so dark he was called Shadow. When he first stepped foot in the United States, he couldn't speak one word of English, and he was just old enough to start school, a school with few Spanish-speaking teachers. That was me as a brand new immigrant. About the only things going for me were that Mom and Dad insisted I get an education and that I learned to work hard. 'Most anything can be overcome with a combination like that. My knowledge of the history of my family is incomplete, but I do know that my life's journey started on September 30, igzr, in Gomez Palacio in Mexico's central valley, an area similar to California's Imperial Valley. I'd say the population was about fifteen thousand. Dad's name was Andres Rodriguez. Mom's was Petra Cardenas. I was the seventh of eight living children; we think six others died. Our family history and official records from early twentieth-century central Mexico aren't complete. I do know that my parents eloped when Dad was nineteen and Mom was fourteen. They did not even have a ceremony for several months, and then it was the one required by Mexican law, a civil ceremony. Later they satisfied their church's and government's requirements by being married in a religious ceremony. I also know that my father was successful, or as successful as a person who was not well connected or wealthy could be in an agricultural section of a poor country. In his youth, he worked as a farmhand. Later Dad was a conductor on streetcars connecting Gomez Palacio, Durango, and Torreon. After that, he established a corner grocery store near our home in Gomez Palacio. One thing's for sure: my dad always worked, whether it was in the United States or in Mexico. I learned a lot from him, but his most important legacy was his work ethic. It served me well throughout my life, even after I graduated from manual labor. Mom wasn't really sure of all of her family's history, but she was sure her maternal grandfather was a well-known general in the Mexican army during the revolution. She was less sure of which side he fought on. Poor, and descended from farmers, shopkeepers, and perhaps even generals, the Rodriguez and Cardenas families were close-knit. Even today they get together for family reunions complete with singing, dancing, eating, and reminiscing. It's a great tradition, and I'm so glad Beatriz and I still work hard to keep it alive. I often reflect that I'd have remained a Mexican citizen except for Napoleonic law, a close-knit family, and fate. My father certainly didn't want to leave his native land. The workings of Mexican law are based on a precept of the Napoleonic code that held a person was guilty until proven innocent. If a charge was severe enough, the person charged might well wait in jail until he proved he wasn't guilty. Jail, especially a Mexican cárcel, is not a happy place, but a stay in jail was in the offing for my elder brother, Encarnación, or Chon as we called him. Chon, an accountant at a local country club, was accused of misappropriating funds, and at that point he was considered guilty under Mexican law. My father had to make a difficult decision. He decided to move practically his entire family from their native country to protect one of them. Thus, all of us except my eldest sister, Hermila, and her family headed to San Diego where, foreign country or no, we had relatives. Dad's two sisters and Mom's former sister-in-law lived in San Diego. I remember little of the move that took place when I was a mere child, but I am positive we were legal immigrants because, these eighty years later, I still have the paper that says so. I keep it along with testimonials from presidents, governors, Congress members, cabinet officers, foreign leaders of all sorts, and other movers and shakers in my lifetime. I was a legal U.S. resident at age six, but I didn't become a citizen until many years later, when I was serving my new country as a soldier in its army. My family, nine in all, was so large that we moved north in two shifts, each arriving by train. No welcoming committee. No hospitality wagon. We were on our own except for a couple of kind relatives. Aunt Cruz and her family of six put the nine of us up for a couple weeks. Then Aunt Valentina and her family of seven put us up for a few more weeks. Today, if you go to Fourteenth and K, you'll see a San Diego bus-repair station, but if you had gone there in 1927, you'd have seen a small cottage. That cottage was our first home in the United States. At least it was the first place our family could call its own. It was unimpressive, so small that most of us had to search for a sleeping place that wasn't already occupied by another body. At bedtime, such spots were scarce. For all that, it was better than trying to have two large families in the same house. Who else was on that corner? Beatriz Serrano, who would become the love of my life, was born there across the street some four years after I had arrived. There's a lot of sentiment for me today when I'm in the neighborhood of Fourteenth and K. But, sentiments aside, in 1927 the cottage was just too small! After a couple months, we rented a real house, one with three bedrooms, a living room, a dining room, a bathroom, a garage, and a large yard. It was large enough for all of us to fit into if we held our breaths and squeezed. With more beds and a little imagination we usually got a good night's sleep. And the yard! It was special for the Rodriguez family, but not because it was like something you'd see in Home and Garden. It wasn't; but for our large family, it had a more utilitarian function. Our yard was a place where we could heat water for washing clothes and bathing. Perhaps best of all, we converted part of it into a garden. And thank heavens for my father's experience in farming! I was now in los Estados Unidos. I was ready for school, but I could not speak a bit of the language. That problem was partially corrected by the Abraham Lincoln Elementary School in a special class that taught me English. Little did I know then that I was coping with problems I would later try to solve on a much higher level. When, as an adult, I worked at the U.S. Office of Education, one of my duties was to fund and help establish bilingual education. I only had to look back to my childhood to find my motivation. When I had conquered enough of my new language to handle subjects taught in English, I started kindergarten, but by this time I was seven. I could easily have skipped kindergarten, but my father wanted his children to have as much education as possible. Later, with the help of summer school, I skipped a grade. Of course, education wasn't my family's only problem. Although we didn't have time to reflect on it, we were still poor. To this day, I can remember my mother cooking on an open set of burners, a primitive and dangerous way to cook. With three kids—Catalina, Carlos, and I—in school, and the adults at work, life settled into a pattern that included a family gathering on weekends, an especially happy time for our clan. We made new friends. I especially remember our neighbors the Torrescanos: James and Emma and their five kids. Isn't it funny how some childhood memories stick out? One incident caused no particular problems, but I remember it vividly. When I was eleven, some of us kids were playing cops and robbers with rubber-band guns, when I ran out in front of a car. Later I realized how horrified the driver must have been, but then all I knew was the pain of having my foot run over. Still, no lasting harm was done. I wore a cast for a while and that was it. Of much more importance were two events occurring within about half a year. We lost two family members—Chon and Dad—and both were breadwinners. First, the country club in Mexico dropped all charges against Chon. (I'm guessing they found out who really stole the money.) Then the country club managers convinced a banana plantation to offer Chon an even better job than the one he had left behind six years earlier. The offer might have been an act of atonement, but it also must have served the plantation well, because they kept him on for about a dozen years. Later, Chon moved north to Tijuana so he could be closer to home but still remain in Mexico. He ended up as senior accountant at the Agua Caliente racetrack in Tijuana. The loss of a second family member didn't turn out as well. It had its genesis in 1929 with the start of the greatest depression in American history. By 1931 our adopted country didn't want its own native-born citizens, especially the white ones, to have to compete with foreign people for jobs. To make matters worse, our adopted country wasn't particular how foreign was defined. Hispanics were easy targets. Some were, of course, here illegally. Many others, such as my father, were here legally. Yet others were U.S. citizens, supposedly with complete constitutional rights. Little of that mattered to a desperate nation. According to Decade of Betrayal, a book by Francisco E. Balderrama (a history professor at Cal State Los Angeles), official records from both Mexico and the United States showed more than a million Hispanics were deported between 1931 and 1940. Were they all illegal immigrants? Not at all. Some 60 percent were native-born U.S. citizens! Dad was one of the legal immigrants. Those years he was always looking for a job. One day, while standing in line for a construction job, he was approached by some government agents. They pulled him out of the line and had one of those infamous "heart-to-heart" talks with him. Their suggestion was that he'd be much better off in Mexico. The implication was obvious. Dad returned to Gomez Palacio. Our family was now reduced to five, and we had only two wage earners. That isn't exactly correct. We all worked wherever we could make a buck. In desperate times, people take desperate measures. Mom and my eldest sister did piecework cleaning fish when the fishing boats came back full. As far back as I can remember, I tried to make a buck somehow. As we go along, I'll list the various jobs I had. I'm not sure that working was all bad. Surely working and understanding the basic elements of economics are about the best hands-on experiences a kid can get. It's a whale of a lot better than watching endless cartoons on television. Whatever success I had in life was due more than anything to my early acquaintance with "sweat-of-the-brow" labor. We kept moving, once to a smaller house in an alley. Then, when a vacancy materialized and our finances improved a bit, we moved to a larger house facing the street. This was part of life in Barrio Logan in the 1930s, and it wasn't much different from the rest of Depression-era America. The Depression. Father expatriated to Mexico. It didn't really matter. The 1930s were hard times for everybody. I was growing up, playing, learning, and even having fun. Being poor was just a fact of life. Everybody was poor. In the sixth grade, I learned something important: I wasn't dumb! For some reason, our teacher publicly told the entire class their IQs. I had the second highest in the class. Although uncalled for and probably harmful to some of the other kids, Mrs. Brown's act helped me indirectly. Understanding that I had brains helped sustain me whenever I felt like giving up. Years later I learned I might not have been as smart as I had thought. When I was a visiting teacher at my former school, I looked up the old records. I confirmed my score but learned it wasn't an official test. While I worked for the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, a fellow worker invited me to join Mensa, but I declined. The guy wanted money, and I had better things to do with it. I surely could show people my ability to think without having a piece of paper to back it up. Probably it was just as well that I didn't join the elite group of high-IQ folks. Mensa could be mistaken for the Mexican word menso (dummy). Hey, life would have been hell if my old buddies had been given an easy shot at me like that. In an ironic twist, years later I saw that fellow's name in the papers. He had been arrested for soliciting a prostitute in the Washington DC area. Perhaps he wasn't so smart. He was one of the few who got caught at that. In any case, I always reminded myself that hard work and perseverance beat sheer brain power any day. I'll stick with that and urge others to keep plugging away, whether they are Mensa members or mensos. Our section of town was officially named Logan Heights. We Americans of Mexican heritage called it Barrio Logan, barrio being the Spanish-speaking district of a city. Despite living in Barrio Logan, my childhood friends were an eclectic group. Their names reflected northern European ancestry as well as Spanish and Mexican. I remember playing with kids named McGuire, Tucker, Johnson, and Valentine, as well as others named Fuentes, Marquis, and Lujan. I wonder if I'd have been able to serve my government as well as I did, if I hadn't learned to see things from the perspective of others so early in my life. Indeed, would I have learned English as well as I did? I had learned the basics of English at Abraham Lincoln Elementary, but it was playing with Jimmy McGuire that made it work. In turn, Jimmy learned Spanish as spoken in central Mexico, and he adapted to the idiom of the barrio of San Diego. I feel sorry for folks who "stick to their own kind." They miss so much. |
Chapter Nine: Help from the Anglos Terms like Mexican American, African American and Nisei are often disparaged by those who say, "We're all Americans." That's true—or would be if the word American didn't apply to every citizen of this hemisphere. One of the great things about being an American (there, I did it too!) is that we can hang on to our culture. We do it with our songs, our dress, and our food. I believe one of the biggest drawbacks of ethnic pride is that it might help those of a different ethnicity to exclude us. Then we exclude them, and so it goes. I don't remember if I was thinking along those lines when I helped start El Club Amigable in high school. It was a club meant to support Latinos who were largely excluded from many of the social functions of San Diego High School in the 1930s. Still, I insisted that the "gobble gobble club," as it came to be known, was not to be exclusively for Latinos. I know I wasn't thinking along the lines of racial diversity in school when I counted among my good friends a couple brothers named Frank and Jimmy Kemston. I was also buddies with other guys with unusual names— unusual from the viewpoint of a Mexican American—like Jimmy Bollin, Don Arnold, John Dobson, Bob Dowdy, Dan Ballinger, Ed Barnes, and other northern European names. It wasn't deliberate; I just found guys I liked and hung out with them. I even contributed to cross-cultural understanding by swapping tamales for bologna sandwiches. It isn't easy to ignore different skin tones, accents, and all the other trappings of ethnicity. I hope if I am ever remembered by historians, I will be remembered as a fighter for minority rights. On the other hand, I hope the writers of history don't simply assume that having the name Rodriguez means I concentrated on Hispanic problems exclusively. Many of the problems Hispanics faced were the same as those faced by earlier immigrants from northern Europe—or Anglos, as I prefer to call them. Their hurdles made ours more manageable. I first realized that while attending the Democratic national convention in 1964. Over my lifetime, I have been influenced by people who didn't resemble me in looks, color, or speech patterns. One was a fellow who also influenced an entire generation of twentieth-century workers: Saul Alinsky. This famous firebrand established the Chicago-based Industrial Areas Foundation, which sought to build a network of affiliates focused on specific social and political goals. According to Alinsky, its main goal was to build affiliates focused on power, and its chief product was social change. Power, more than any other word, described Alinsky. I have no idea of the etymology of "power to the people," the term so popular in the 1960s, but I bet somewhere the famous firebrand used it. When I got involved in politics and took up social justice as a cause, it was inevitable that I meet Alinsky. It was another hell-raising champion of workers' rights that introduced us: Cesar Chavez. My involvement with Alinsky was brief, but one I could never forget. He is remembered today with equal parts admiration and loathing. Now, there's a man who made an impact! Chavez introduced me to another guy with whom I became much more involved: Fred Ross. Ross, like Chavez, had been a farmworker. He was an uneducated man, but, oh, such a wise one. Even though I'm an educator, I have to admit that schooling isn't always necessary for wisdom. That surely was true in Ross's case. He never forgot what stoop labor was like. Nor did he ever forget the people who still did stoop labor, or the trouble those people had. More than anybody I ever knew, Fred Ross was able to focus completely on the problem at hand. Another Anglo that influenced me was Charlie Erickson, who looked about as much like a Latino as Keith Taylor. Charlie was of Irish and Another Norse extraction, but was married to a beautiful woman from Oaxaca. From the time I first met him in the midfifties, he was involved with the problems of Mexican Americans and labor. In fact it was a labor issue that brought us together. While I was vice-principal of Gompers Junior High, I was asked to go to Los Angeles to arbitrate a labor dispute between Charlie's union and a similar one. Neither union had any representation in San Diego, so I was considered neutral. Now, fifty years later, neither Charlie nor I remember the details—not even the name of Charlie's union. That's ironic because much of the squabble was over its naming rights. The union is now the Association of Mexican American Educators, and it has branches throughout America's Southwest. I think it's a very good union. In 1966 I was working as a consultant in the Bureau of Intergroup Relations for the California State Department of Education, on loan from the San Diego Unified School District. Later that year I would replace Dr. Wilson Riles as the chief of the Bureau when Dr. Riles became director of compensatory education. THE ALBUQUERQUE WALKOUT In 1966 I participated in a conference in Washington about the needs of Mexican Americans, an ethnic group of special interest to President Johnson. At the meetings, questions were raised about how the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission might affect the Spanish-speaking population: Would EEOC have staff that could communicate with these and other limited-English speakers? At what level? Was there going to be information about EEOC services directed to the Spanish-speaking and other limited-English-speaking populations? Where and how could these services be obtained? Would language be a problem? Would there be a Hispanic commissioner? That fall a conference was called by Commissioner Franklin D. Roosevelt, Jr., chairman of the EEOC. It would be held at The University of New Mexico in Albuquerque. The theme was how to improve EEOC services for the Mexican Americans. I arrived in Albuquerque a day before the conference was to start, and immediately learned that one of the things we needed most wasn't going to be there: a high-profile chairman. Roosevelt was not going to attend the conference. Instead, a brand new commissioner named Richard Graham would conduct the conference. Graham had no practical experience whatsoever! The words stick in my throat, but I have to say we were chingado (more than just angry). I called a meeting of those present when it became clear that the EEOC meeting was not to be what was promised. Distrust was rampant. What should we do? We had to take action and control the conference and the agenda. We had to show that the EEOC services were important to us. We had to have a commissioner on EEOC who was Hispanic. Then EEOC needed to address some of our biggest concerns, like eliminating "English only" in the workplace. Hispanic employment discrimination must be highlighted. Offices must be staffed to handle Spanish-speaking clients. Those of us at the meeting started the ball rolling. Our ideas were to be shared with delegates who arrived later, even the next day. We spent the rest of the night preparing, and we decided we would walk out of the conference. We made arrangements for a place we could meet after the walkout. There was almost unanimous agreement about the walkout. Even the handful who did not agree said they would support us and not show disunity at the meeting. I advised Commissioner Graham about what was going to happen and asked for his understanding. The media mostly gave us a big yawn until Charlie Erickson returned the favor I'd done for him a few years earlier. He set a fire under things. First he wrote a press release. One writer for a syndicate was obviously uninterested; his only comment was that the term Mexican American should be Spanish American. None of Albuquerque's television stations bothered to send a crew out to report on the commission meeting. The wire services were absent. That wouldn't do. We had an event of national importance going on in Albuquerque, and unless we got some good publicity, we would still be ignored. Charlie took care of that. He called one TV station and told the news director that he needed to talk to the reporter who had been out at the hotel. "Oh, we didn't send a crew out," was the response. Charlie feigned ignorance: "I'm sorry. It must have been the other station. It was a good story, and it is getting better with a big walkout planned for today. Sorry." Then he called another station and repeated the story, but with the roles reversed. Soon everybody with a camera showed up, including members of the haughty print media. At the meeting, I asked to be recognized, and then I made the announcement that, because we were not getting a fair hearing, we were going to boycott the meeting. I asked Commissioner Graham to carry our demands back to EEOC and to respond to them by action. Then, thanks a bit to Charlie's coaching, all hell broke loose. Delegates were marching around, carrying signs, and shouting. We became the proverbial squeaking wheel to the administration. Did it work? We think so. Not long after the walkout, five of our members were given a special invitation to the White House. Some time later a Hispanic, Vicente Ximenes, was named a commissioner. A few years later, another Hispanic, Ramon Tellez, became a commissioner. It was no longer a revolutionary idea to have a Hispanic sitting in a position of authority where Hispanic problems were being settled. It was a practical idea, but it took a bunch of Hispanics and a light-complected Anglo to make it happen. I'm glad I was part of it. I'm also glad I escaped the episode with my skin. It could have had other repercussions. Lyndon Johnson became president by being a good fighter, some say a ruthless fighter, and I had confronted him. I fully expected to pay the price and spend the rest of my life as a teacher or educator. Within the year, I was invited to another affair. Charlie and others had arranged a dinner at the Statler-Hilton in downtown Los Angeles to commemorate those of us who walked out of the meeting in Albuquerque. It might have been yet another first: nobody could recall any other time a group of mostly Mexican Americans had a banquet in that hitherto lily-white hotel. Ana Ramirez, a teachers-union member who had long been on the front lines standing up for our rights, went to Mexico and bought each of us a miniature huarache (Mexican sandal) with a note "I walked." I don't recall any particular new ground that was broken at the Los Angeles dinner, but it kept the momentum going, and we got more good press coverage. Indeed, the whole thing turned out well, and I modestly say that we made history. We had to ruffle a few feathers to do it, but I'm sure Saul Alinsky would have approved. Perhaps one of America's consummate politicians did as well, because two years later, Lyndon Johnson invited me to Washington to be director of the Commission on Spanish-Speaking Affairs. Today, Mexican Americans hold high office, both appointed and elected, across the country. Things are still a long way from perfect. It is difficult to erase ingrained ideas and stubbornness, but we're making progress. I'd like to think that our tantrum in Albuquerque helped more Hispanics achieve positions of power. Charlie Erickson and I remain good friends to this day. He started a mostly English-language news service— the Hispanic Link—devoted to Latin Americans and distributed through the Los Angeles Times syndicate. Charlie's syndicated news service is a highly respected source of information, used by media all across the country. It is now supplemented by the Hispanic Link Weekly Report, a national news-weekly that covers Hispanic issues and trends. I'm very fortunate to have worked with Charlie all these years. Charlie recently told me that his two enterprises got off the ground thanks in large part to my efforts. I introduced him to several important Hispanic friends, and I also provided him with a huge mailing list. In an ironic twist, I was able to help an Anglo help us Latinos. Armando Rodriguez is a retired educator and federal official but a life-long pioneer in activism among Mexican Americans. His book,
From Barrio to Washington, may be purchased in most bookstores or ordered by them from the University of New Mexico in Albuquerque. He offers anyone who has a problem getting a copy to contact him and he will get them the book at cost, plus postage.
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Francisco Vázquez Coronado is first to describe Llano Estacado |
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On this day in 1541, the Spanish explorer Francisco Vázquez de Coronado, in a letter to the king of Spain, became the first man to describe the vast Llano Estacado. The Llano Estacado (Staked Plains), the southern extension of the High Plains of North America, is a high mesa lying south of the Canadian River in northwest Texas and northeast New Mexico. Coronado had been appointed in 1540 to lead an expedition to the Seven Cities of Cíbola, wondrous tales of which had been brought to Mexico by Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca. Coronado found no gold at Cíbola, in western New Mexico, but he was led on by stories of Quivira, a region far to the east. It was during his search for Quivira that Coronado came upon the Llano Estacado, which he described thus: "I reached some plains so vast, that I did not find their limit anywhere I went, although I travelled over them for more than 300 leagues ... with no more land marks than if we had been swallowed up by the sea .... here was not a stone, nor bit of rising ground, nor a tree, nor a shrub, nor anything to go by." Future explorers echoed his impressions of the region, and development did not begin until the 1870s, though it proceeded rapidly thereafter. Indeed, the Llano witnessed the most rapid development of any section of the state, progressing from an economy based on unfenced public grazing land to a modern industrial economy within half a century. The region's population in 1880 was only 1,081; a century later it was more than 900,000. |
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Photo: Hector P. Garcia and friends |
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The gentleman whose shoulder is being touched by Dr. Garcia is Rufino (Cuco) Chapa Lozano, brother of Rosa Chapa. Both of them along with a Tia Maria operated the Lozano Cafe on Staples street for many years. The first gentleman from the left, wearing a hat, is Juan Gonzales. The gentleman holding a cigar is Jose Cruz Wilmot. Rufino Chapa Lozano resembled my grandfather, Vicente Lozano, in his rotundity, but in no other way. Thank you for planning to interview my cousin, Imelda, on my grandfather. He was a good and great man. My source for this information prefers to remain anonymous, but I assure you he is a reliable source. Good Luck. Vicente Lozano III commented on this photo. If you can identify any of the individuals in this historic photo, please contact me. Thank you very much. Daisy Wanda Garcia wanda.garcia@sbcglobal.net |
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| Spanish Heirs win access to Energy wealth in Texas Legislature https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nj8QNBDs3Dk&feature=youtu.be https://youtu.be/nj8QNBDs3Dk Sent Juan Marinez jmarinezmaya@gmail.com Source: R. Gomez gr@nmsu.edu Date: October 15, 2015 |
About twelve years ago, Jo Emma and I did a lot of research through several sources to determine why José Antonio George Navarro, the eldest son of José Antonio Navarro ( the Texas patriot and one of the signers of the Texas Declaration of Independence) and Margarita de la Garza from Mier, Tamaulipas, left Atascosa County and moved to Zapata County around 1879, or before, and why one of his daughters, Margarita Isidra Navarro, and her husband, William D. Langston, also went to Zapata County, where he was the county judge from 1878 to 1882. A grandson of José Antonio George Navarro, Leonardo Navarro (son of José Eugenio Tiburcio Navarro and María Antonia Cháves), also ended up in Zapata, and he married Luz Vela. They had to travel by horseback or by stagecoach because the completion of the International and Great Northern Railroad from San Antonio to Laredo was not completed until 1881. We are not sure if all of them came together to Zapata County, or if Margarita and William D. Langston arrived first. According to Jo Emma's genealogical research notes, José Antonio George Navarro was born in 1820, and he was married twice. With his first wife, Juana Cháves (parents: Ignacio Cháves and María Lourdes Montez), they had three children: José Eugenio Tiburcio Navarro was born in 1840, and he married María Antonia Cháves; María Antonia Romalda Navarro was born in 1844, and she married John C. Ross; and Margarita Isidra Navarro was born in 1846, and she married William D. Langston. José Antonio George Navarro married his first wife, Juana Cháves in San Antonio. In her research, JoEmma found a translated copy of the last will and testament of Juana Cháves, written from their ranch in Atascosa County, dated February 23, 1874, and she bequeath her entire estate, which consisted of a considerable amount of land in what is now downtown San Antonio, to her husband, José Antonio George Navarro, and her three children: José Eugenio Tiburcio Navarro, María Antonia Romalda Navarro, and Margarita Isidra Navarro. Juana Cháves passed away a few days later, at the "advanced age" of fifty-five years old, on March 5, 1874, at her rancho on the Atascosa Creek in Atascosa County. After Juana passed away, the Zapata County 1880 U.S. Census indicates that at the age of 60 years old, José Antonio George Navarro is alone and living with his daughter Margarita Isidra Navarro Langston and her husband, William D. Langston. On December 2, 1879, José Antonio George Navarro was appointed County Commissioner of Precinct One in Zapata County, and on September 20, 1881, he was appointed Zapata County Judge, and he served in this capacity from 1882 until 1898, a total of 16 years! And, according to JoEmma's research notes taken from the marriage records in Zapata County, José Antonio George Navarro married, at the age of 63, Escolástica Gutiérrez, age 35, on January 5, 1883. The Zapata County 1870 U.S. Census indicates that Escolástica Gutiérrez was married to Jesús Vela, and they had one child, all were living in San Ignacio, Texas. Ten years later, in the Zapata County 1880 U.S. Census, Escolástica is listed as a widow, living alone, with three children, ages 11, 7, and 5. And, three years later, José Antonio George Navarro and Escolástica got married. José Antonio Victor Navarro was born on July 28, 1886, and he was the seventh child of José Eugenio Tiburcio Navarro and María Antonia Cháves. José Antonio Victor Navarro married Elizabeth Dawson and they had six children. He served as Zapata County's Sheriff/Tax Collector in 1926, and as Zapata County Judge from 1928 until 1936, when he unexpectedly resigned on the eve of the November 3, 1936 General Election, and consequently, Manuel B. Bravo became the next county judge, a position he held for twenty years! On May 28, 2007, I sent a query letter to David McDonald, the biographer of José Antonio Navarro, inquiring if he knew from his research why José Antonio George Navarro moved from Atascosa County to Zapata County, and also why did his daughter Margarita Isidra Navarro and her husband William D. Langston also moved to Zapata County, and where is José Antonio George Navarro and his wife Escolástica Gutiérrez Navarro buried. David McDonald's response was, "I do not know...The details you have already discovered about George far exceeds anything I have done..." Have a restful and enjoyable evening. Gilberto J. Gilberto Quezada jgilbertoquezada@yahoo.com MMM |
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| Hello Mimi, In all my years of living in Laredo, from the late 1940s, and even now, when I pass by the building in the attached photograph, I never knew what that building was used for. It was not until a good friend of mine, Cuauhtémoc "Temo" Rocha, a former Laredoan and a graduate of Martin High School who now lives in California, told me that the building in question was the old Athens Club Building, located at the three points where Guadalupe Street and Market Streets and Zapata Highway 83 meet. It was situated across from the Tumble Inn to the north. According to Temo, in the late 1940's, soldiers from the base patronized it because of the dances that were held there. The Athens Club used to belong to the Pappas' family. I do not know if the building is still standing because when we travel to Zapata, we use the Loop 20 route to cuatro vientos, instead of going all the way to downtown to take Iturbide and Market Streets to the three points. J. Gilberto Quezada |
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"Preserving Early
Texas History" |
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José Antonio López introduces his presentation, "Preserving Early Texas History" to the Los Bexareños Genealogical & Historical Society, Nov 7 2015, San Antonio, Texas. "It is truly an honor to share our wonderful, yet
long-ignored, history of our ancestors and their founding of this great place
we call Texas." |
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 Society members purchasing early early Texas history books from Mr. López. |
Mr. José Antonio (Joe) López was born and raised in Laredo, Texas. USAF Veteran. He is a direct descendant of Don Javier Uribe, one of the earliest families that settled in what is now South Texas in 1750. He is married to the former Cordelia Jean Cordy Dancause of Laredo. He has college degrees from Laredo Jr. College and Southwest Texas State University, San Marcos, T. X. He earned a Master's Degree in Education. |
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He is the author of
four books: The Last Knight (Don Bernardo Gutierrez de Lara Uribe, A Texas Hero), Nights of Wailing, Days of Pain (Life in 1920s South Texas).
The Last Knight, and Early Texas History.
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Texas Tejano.com is a San Antonio based firm with
the primary objectives of history research, publishing and
communications. Our mission is to educate people about the
contributions of early Texas Tejano Pioneers and to bring awareness
to the true stories of their lives and legacies. To that end,
we are proud to announce a partnership with Southern Methodist
University to tell the story of Jose Policarpio “Polly”
Rodriguez. A legendary Tejano Pioneer who is the epitome of
Tejanos in Texas and the many roles they played in its development.
Polly was a surveyor, successful rancher, Texas Ranger and
finally a Methodist minister. Everyone is invited to this event to learn
more about Polly and the role Tejanos played in the development of our
great state. |
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1 Across from City Hall. I remember 1949-50, going to the premiere there of "The Streets of Laredo" at |
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| 2 A main bus stop was across the street from ABC on Hidalgo St. By the bus stop was one of my favorite stores Cardenas News Stand -- Mr. Cardenas didn't seem to mind if we looked at the comics. Then there was Statler's over near the Southland.
Rami's sister, Yolanda, worked there for a long time. Maybe Rosa did, also. |
3 In addition to the
Tower (owned by Arnulfo Gonzalez) and the Bordertown (owned by Laredo Theaters Spence), there were the Fiesta and the Rancho Drive-In Theaters (also Laredo Theaters). I remember going to movies at the Plaza, Royal, Azteca, Tivoli, and Rialto -- but not the Mexico. Of course, the Plaza was the ritzy one. Also, then or later, there was The Tower & Bordertown Drive Inns |
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| 4 Poncho Leyendecker was also a
soda jerk -- decked out in a white outfit including a soda jerk cap. It was at the Sames Moore Building. Phone 59? I was a soda jerk there. |
5 Nice store -- like Richter's on Flores. Finally, a store that's air conditioned, and we can escape from the Laredo heat! And, if you remember the first escalator! I shopped at J.C.Penny. The Hachars were nice people. Finally, a store that's air conditioned, and we can escape from the Laredo heat! And, if you remember the first escalator! I shopped at J.C.Penny. The Hachars were nice people. |
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6 Can't say I remember ABC being on Iturbide -- I thought it was on Hidalgo St. up the street from the Plaza Theater and City Drug. Yolie's store. |
7 I also thought El Cañonazo was on Hidalgo -- maybe I'm confusing it with
Siros'. . . . . I worked for Judson Twiss at the store in the summer of '54. |
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8 Before there
was Zale's, there was C.L. Milton's. Looks like we’ve got “Randolph” now: Zale's was a probably the most popular jeweler. They had nice bracelets for the gals. I got one for Lucha Gaona there when she was supposedly not going with Porfirio Ramirez. |
9 This ad shows ABC on Hidalgo -- I remember there being an email that had this picture asking if anybody could identify the gents in the picture. I never saw a response.
I guess they're checking out the 45 R.P.M.s & 33-1/3 Albums |
=========================================== The most popular hangout for the high school crowd . . . all high schools! |
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10 Remember the ceiling having all the "popote" papers. People would put gum on the end of the popote/straw cover, warm it carefully with a lighter, then blow the cover off the straw toward the ceiling, and the cover would stick. Probably drove Mr. Winch crazy. Great French fries with gravy. Incredibly busy place -- always friendly faces. Three guys I knew would go in there and get drinks and food, then go to the bathroom -- climb out the window to the alley and leave without paying. They tried it once too often, because what turned out to be the last time, Mr. Winch was waiting for them where the alley let to Flores St. He didn't call the cops though -- he did call their parents. |
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==================================== 12 I remember where it was -- and remember the Deliganis family -- but didn't eat there often. Home of the original cherry Cokes … I was good friends with Milton, Louie & Charlie. |
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| 13 I don't believe Max's opened till the early '60s when I remember it from. The cars look like from that era. And I believe they may have closed when the IH35 "freeway" came all the way to the bridge and took over/wiped out part of Santa Ursula. My dad had his office bought out also due to the freeway -- it was on Hidalgo. I believe Max's wasn't too far from the M&S Clinic on Matamoros near La Escuela Amarilla where Drs. Puig, Penny, and Powell worked out of. And there were a number of doctors at the Sames Moore: Malakoff, Ruby Lowrey, Enrique Longoria, Rothenstein, Canseco. Check out the cars!
I don't recall this place. Maybe, it was later called something else! |
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14 I don't
remember where we got out class rings from -- just remember they were
from Herff and Jones. I gave mine to my girlfriend at the time -- didn't
get it back. Seems like I remember it being cheeper than $29.99 -- but
$20 still seemed like a lot of money at the time. My college ring from
1962 was about $50. Let me get this straight …. $30 for 10K gold rings? I’ll take a dozen. Otra vez, Zale's! |
15 A lot of history at the Hamilton. I started getting my haircut at the barber shop there on a dare to get a flat-top. Joe was the only one I could find who would do a flat-top. So I started going there. I believe there were 4 of us who were supposed to get the flat-top -- and Pipe waited till the last, but didn't do it, and he laughed at the rest of us. Before I used to go to Honorato on Iturbide. Having been born without a hair on my head, it took a while before I had my first haircut. Honorato did it, and I went to him till I went to Joe. I also remember a reception for Father George when he was made Monsignor. I asked him, "Father -- what do I call you now, 'Father,' 'Monsignor,' what?" And he said, 'You can call me anything but an sob.' My jaw hit the floor, and he broke out laughing. Then there was Teddy Gutierrez Insurance Office on the street floor of the Hamilton -- he'd been my dad's childhood friend and best man at dad's wedding. He was a prankster, and would pull me off the street and play his pranks on me. Guess I associate the Hamilton with being laughed at. But there are many other memories about the Hamilton.
Played & sang at the Hamilton with Rami. There was a special party room there. Can't remember the name.
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16 This is definitely before my time. So many memories. My grandfather worked at the old Laredo National Bank this side of Richter's. My dad worked there as a teller also. My dad would tell me with great pride that the Laredo National Bank was one of the few banks in the US that didn't close its doors following the Great Depression in the late 20's into the 30's. Dad would say, "Ben Alexander wouldn't allow the doors to be closed. He wouldn't do that to the people of Laredo." Then when the bank was sold "out of the family" to
BBVA, dad said, "Old Mr. Alexander is surely turning over in his grave about this."
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17 I remember the store -- never went in it. I googled laridas and found this: laridas
laridas.tumblr.com/ Los Angeles based siblings sharing our love for fashion and expression through personal style. Though it has to do with ladies wear, it is not from way back when. If it was intended to read "LAREDO'S FOREMOST . . . " it was a big goof. Lugar Famoso! Could it be LAREDO'S instead of Laridas's? |
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18 Plaza Theater, City Drug, City Hall, City Library, corner of Flores and Hidalgo. |
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19 Corner of Farragut and Salinas -- Southland Café, Hachars down the street, believe that was the Windrow's Drug Store -- and with what was above, it was the
M.M. Garcia Building. My dad's offices were up there. Hamilton Hotel, Sames Moore Building, Central Drug, Post Office were to the left -- Jackson Funeral Home was up this way from Windrow's. And the Federal Building was off to the left on the northern side of Jarvis Plaza. Then on this side, i.e. on the western side of Jarvis Plaza was Mercy Hospital.
The plaza on the left in front of the post office, Southland Cafe across the street on left, Rexall Drugs (also known as Windsor's?) |
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| 20 Another shot of the corner of Salinas and Farragut facing North. That was the Southland Café on the Corner. I don't know if the Southland belonged to Deliganis -- but I do know that it was owned by Bill Patrick and Pete
Coussoulis. As I recall, Bill Patrick also had a Greek name, but had changed it to Patrick. I remember being at the Southland once and a black man came in and was asked to leave. I didn't understand it, so I asked my mom -- she told me he was asked to leave because he was black. They had one of those signs "We reserve the right to refuse service to anyone" which was pointed at as the man was asked to leave. At the time, I had no idea what discrimination was. Statler'sBook Store was on the street by the round red sign -- I don't recognize the liquor store. That would actually be the Hamilton Hotel and in front of it across Matamoros St., the Sames Moore Building. Jarvis Plaza across Salinas Ave. to the left. The trees in the background were on the grounds of the Federal Building. Plaza Hotel behind the Southland Cafe (a Pete Deliganis restaurant). |
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21 Beautiful San Agustin Church. I know part of La Posada was the old Laredo High School until 1937 when Martin High opened its doors. And I read that La Posada has been there for over 50 years -- and I know that La Posada is in a site where there were 4 historic buildings (a municipal government and jailhouse, a convent, a Bruni home, Laredo High -- but I don't know exactly when it became a hotel. On the western side of San Agustin Plaza was the Leyendecker home which I loved greatly and was built in the old Spanish style like a horshoe with all inner doors leading to a courtyard. I believe this area was the site of the two parties of the time
(Botas and Guaraches) engaged in a shooting battle in the 1880's. They later joined forces and became the Independent Party aka El Partido Viejo. El Partido Viejo's opponents were La Reforma -- but El Partido Viejo almost always swept the elections. That changed when the Partido collapsed in the late 1970's. San Agustin Plaza & Church on the left. Isn't that La Posada on the right? Didn't remember it being around then. |
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| 22 At the bottom is Hidalgo St. -- the foto taken from the corner with Flores. Tht would be the Plaza Hotel in the far left. At the top, the bridge with the San Agustin steeple in the center. The movie at the Plaza Theater was the 1959 movie "The White Warrior" with Steve Reeves and Georgia Moll. El puente, City Drug Store, Plaza Theatre & Plaza Hotel in the background. Looks like a giant ant is crawling up the side & corner of the Plaza Hotel. |
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23
Convent Avenue in the wee hours on a rainy night. Although I remember Convent and the stores -- I am a bit disoriented with this picture and exactly where it was taken from. Convent went to the bridge -- which I crossed many times in cars or walking. So the bridge should be straight down the street in the picture. Going was clear -- coming back was often fuzzy. There was Tony's, La Roca, El Parral, La Cabaña del Novio, Alma Latina, Cadillac, La Unica, etc., etc., etc. -- all straight down this street across the river on or close to la Avenida Guerrero. I remember seeing Chuck Berry on this street in the daytime -- later I read he was arrested for bringing marijuana across from
Nuevo Leon.
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24 This looks to me like the corner of Matamoros and San Bernardo. Looks like it was before the Laredo National bought the Laredo National. To me, this was the "new LNB" -- the "old one" being on Flores on the same block as Richter's. I believe this is a Texaco station. I remember Chalio Garza had a Texaco on Matamoros -- but don't know if this was his. Those look like Texaco Fire Chief and Texaco Sky Chief pumps -- regular and premium. Hard to find a Texaco Station in San Antonio anymore since Shell took them over. |
| The only credit card that I can remember my dad ever having was a Texaco card. He didn't believe in credit cards feeling that they were like poison and would eventually cause economic problems. He felt that if one couldn't pay cash, then they shouldn't buy. That looks like a Sinclair Gas Station. |
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| Podcast # on the Borderlands War, 1915-1920 http://15minutehistory.org/2015/10/07/episode-73-the-borderlands-war-1915-20/ This interview is in anticipation of the opening of a new exhibit at the Bob Bullock Texas State History Museum about the Texas-Mexico borderlands during the crucial period of 1910-1920. Curated by the Refusing to Forget project a group of Chicana/o studies historians of which I’m a member, the exhibit will run from January 23, 2016—April 3, 2016. We hope to take the exhibit statewide, and even nationwide, after its run at the Bullock. Saludos a todos, John Morán González, Ph.D. Associate Professor of English Associate Director, Center for Mexican American Studies The University of Texas at Austin Host: Joan Neuberger, Professor, Department of History Guest: John Moran Gonzalez, Associate Professor, Department of English In the early part of the 20th century, Texas became more integrated into the United States with the arrival of the railroad. With easier connections to the country, its population began to shift away from reflecting its origins as a breakaway part of Mexico toward a more Anglo demographic, one less inclined to adapt to existing Texican culture and more inclined to view it through a lens of white racial superiority. Between 1915 and 1920, an undeclared war broke out that featured some of the worst racial violence in American history; an outbreak that’s become known as the Borderlands War. Guest John Moran Gonzales from UT’s Department of English and Center for Mexican American Studies has curated an exhibition on the Borderlands War called “Life and Death on the Border, 1910-1920,” and tells us about this little known episode in Mexican-American history. Audio Player 00:0000:00Use Up/Down Arrow keys to increase or decrease volume. Podcast Audio (mp3—right click to download) Our topic today is the Borderlands War that took place between 1915 and 1920 approximately, on the border between Texas and Mexico. Could you start with a definition or outline of what happened? Essentially it was a period of violence, in which there was an undeclared war between the Anglo Texan and Mexican American communities, in which there was violence perpetrated by both sides, but the brunt of the violence was directed by the state and local authorities against the Mexican American population. What made this period so violent? What was the situation at the time? The context for this was the rapid change in the economy — a ranching economy dominated by Mexican Americans into a farming economy dominated by newcomer Anglo Texans. The rapid change over during the previous 10-20 years had resulted in a displacement of the old order, the old Mexican American order along the border, with the new Jim Crow style segregation. Under the ranching economy, was there more cooperation, or were there fewer Anglos? There were certainly fewer Anglos coming to the border region prior to the turn of the century, prior to the arrival of the railroad in this region in 1904. And so those Anglos who did come in tended to inter-marry into established Mexican American ranching families and became essentially Mexicanized. After that, the number of newcomers coming in with decidedly different views about Mexican racial inferiority went there to exploit cheap land and cheap labor. Who were the main targets of the violence? The main targets of the violence were the general Mexican American population of the area who were often perceived to be in cahoots with raiders and other guerilla fighters who were against the changes that occurred. About how many killed during this violence? Estimates are very hard to come by precisely because many of the incidents were Covered up by those who perpetrated them, particularly those of law enforcement. The estimates range from a low of 3-500 to 3-5000, which was a figure that Walter Prescott Webb, the hagiographer of the Texas rangers, came up with in his 1935 history of the rangers. Why did the violence escalate at this point? The violence escalated because the Mexican Americans of that region who had been displaced from their place with the society and economy of the region very much resented the new racial order imposed upon them by the Anglo newcomers. They were disenfranchised in terms of their social status, they were disenfranchised literally in terms of their votes as white only primaries became the norm and therefore they saw their power ebbing away. So this built up a great deal of resentment with the new order. Did the state of Texas play a role in supporting or trying to limit the violence? Were they on a particular side? The state authorities, particularly as embodied by the Rangers, were perpetrators of some of the worst violence of this period. Extra judicial killings of Mexican Americans by the Rangers was quite common in this period, often taking the form of “shot dead attempting to flee” kind of scenarios. So the Rangers were very much part of the problem rather than an attempt to ameliorate the situation. And certain segments of the newcomer community very much welcomed what they saw as putting the local Mexican American population in their place. There were lynchings, shootings in the back, decapitations, mutilation of bodies. There was one instance, in which bottles were inserted into the mouths of those who were executed. The violence was extreme and the kind of symbolism attached to it was equally extreme. One Texas newspaper you quote as saying that this was a good thing because there was a serious surplus population that needed eliminating. Was that a widespread sentiment? It was to the extent that the Mexican population was viewed as a kind of necessary evil. That is, on one hand, many newcomers came to that region of Texas expecting to be able to use a cheap labor force for their economic endeavors. On the other hand they represented a threat because of their ability to vote and hence the idea of a surplus population that needed trimming is an expression of this latter sentiment. Can you give us some examples of some of the things that happened? Yes, the summer of 1915, particularly the months of August through October, saw the height, the most intense violence in the region. In one instance, in late September of 1915, there was a clash between Texas Rangers and about 40 Mexican Americans in Hidalgo County, where Rangers took a dozen prisoners and promptly hung them and their bodies were left to rot for days. In another instance that same month, Texas Ranger captain Henry Ransom shot landowners Jesus Bazan and Antonio Longoria once again leaving their bodies out in the open to rot. And at one point Ransom reported to Ranger headquarters in Austin that: “I drove all the Mexicans from three ranches.” Did state officials just turn a blind eye to the violence in the sense that they supported it? Or were there investigations? What was the state role here? The Rangers had received clear signals from the Governor’s office and other authorities that they had a free rein to handle or control the situation as they saw fit. That is, a clear sign that no one would be prosecuted for any extra judicial killings. The depredations only came to a stop when Brownsville State Representative José Tomás Canales initiated an investigation of the Ranger force and their actions over the previous decade in 1919. So why would the Rangers, a force that was created to protect the residents of Texas, commit this violence against Mexican Americans? Essentially, they were in the service of consolidating the new, white, supremacist order in south Texas. That is, essentially was the purpose of the violence was to send a clear signal that Mexican Americans would be dealt with harshly if they attempted any opposition to this new order, whether through the ballot box or other means. Did the Mexican government play any role in what was going on? The Mexican government did not have a direct role in this, because the country was in the middle of a revolution. There was constant instability over which faction controlled which parts of the border. It was more the climate of instability that allowed raiders to cross back and forth across the Rio Grande with impunity and created a sense of siege by the Anglo community in this part of south Texas. Can you say anything about the raiders themselves, that is, the people who were resisting changes taking place in the economy and then eventually the violence being perpetrated on them by the Rangers and other forces? This group is often referred to as Los Sedisasos or seditious ones and they attempted to essentially oust the new Anglo order by these guerilla raids upon ranches, the derailing of a train near Brownsville, and these sorts of actions, but they were very much constrained by the small number of raiders as well as the state’s overwhelming use of force against them. So you said that the violence finally subsided when State Representative Canales called for an investigation of the Rangers in 1919. And that ‘s the conventional ending of the violence; did it continue after that? Well in fact it did. I think the most egregious episode was the Porvenir in West Texas in 1918 when Rangers executed 15 Mexican men, separated them from their families and executed them. Now I have to say the role of the U.S. army was crucial here in beginning to tamp down the extra judicial actions of the Rangers and local vigilantes. What did they do? Essentially they very much saw the Rangers and the local sheriffs as part of the problem, as continuing the violence rather than defusing it. Mexican Americans began to see the federal government, in the guise of the US Army, as being on their side in some respects. So we have this very complicated picture where we have a changing economy, we have a revolution going on south of the border, we have people trying to make a living, a small group of people violently resisting the changes, and the representatives of the state of Texas trying to suppress them but also carrying out violence against people randomly as well. What was the response of other people? Was there any sort of peace movement? Was there any cooperation among newcomers, Anglos, other European settlers, and the Mexican Americans there? How did other people respond? Yes, it was complicated picture be certainly there were Tejanos who were aiding the Rangers and other parties in the suppression of the Mexican American community and, on the other hand, there was Anglo settlers who were very much appalled at the violence perpetrated against local communities. One of them was Brownsville lawyer and historian Frank Cushman Pierce who compiled a list of 102 victims, entirely on his own time. Then he also confronted Lon C Hill who was one of the major developers of Harlingen Texas about his role in these incidents. In supporting the Rangers, in supporting the violence? Yes. What then are some of the short-term consequences of this violence? It must have been incredibly disruptive. Absolutely. The violence in the lower Rio Grande valley in particular resulted in the depopulation of rural areas as Mexican American residents fled to the relative safety of border towns or crossed into Mexico for safety. This only accelerated the transfer of land to newcomer Anglos as Mexican Americans abandoned their lands. This also had implications for Mexican Americans from this area as they were drafted into military service for the First World War. They resisted the summons to serve because they could not reconcile the violence visited upon them by the U.S. with service in the same military that they saw as part of the problem. And they were termed slackers in the language of the day for allegedly slacking off their duty as patriotic citizens. One other implication was that Walter Prescott Webb essentially launched his career, his academic career, in reaction to the Canales investigation. He wrote his 1922 Masters theses as an apology for the role of Rangers during this period and later transformed that piece into his hagiography of the Rangers, the 1935 Texas Rangers: A Century of Frontier Defense, which is still a perennial best seller for the University of Texas Press. What are some of the long-term consequences of the violence? This event tremendously impacted the development of Mexican American civil rights organizations. During the 1920s Mexican Americans began to organize in new ways, in new kinds of political and civic organizations devoted to the promotion of Mexican American civil rights. The exemplary one from this period would be the League of United Latin American Citizens, which formed in 1929. LULAC emphasized the idea that Mexican Americans had to cement their political allegiance to the United States rather than to Mexico because the United States would be the nation that would protect them from any future violence directed against them. This was the cultural project of this civil rights organization. This is a really fascinating history that people don’t know much about. You got involved because you’re part of a group that is putting on an exhibit about the Borderlands War at the Bullock Museum of Texas History, is that right? Can you tell us a little about that exhibit and what its purpose is? The exhibit is called “Life on the Border, 1910-1920” and the purpose is to raise the public’s awareness of this incident and the major role it’s had in shaping Mexican American life in Texas. The role of the state in perpetrating this violence is something that we as a group have wanted specifically to highlight with this project with the goal of making connections with questions of policing communities of color, which are obviously relevant today. We’re looking forward to that exhibit and you’re hoping to have the exhibit, after its run at the Bullock, travel around Texas to the Borderland region but also to the rest of Texas to bring this story to the population? We’re hoping to take it nationally. |
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Important Texas History
Documents Since Jo Emma is a member of the DRT (Daughters of the Republic of Texas) because of her genealogical lineage to John Andrew Box who fought in the Battle of San Jacinto, she received the following interesting Texas history information, which I would like to share with you. These precious documents are under the guardianship of the DRT Library and Research Center, a facility we have used to conduct our own research. ~ Gilberto J. Gilberto Quezada jgilbertoquezada@yahoo.com |
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The Daughters of the Republic of Texas (DRT) was founded in 1891 as an organization dedicated to perpetuating the memory of the founding families and soldiers of the Republic who helped achieve and build upon the independence of Texas. The organization continues to pursue its mission by encouraging research into the rich history of the Republic and state of Texas.
After raising private funds to build it, in October of 1950 the Daughters of the Republic of Texas established the DRT Library to house the earliest pieces of its Texas history collection. Over the decades, the Daughters have grown and preserved the collection, receiving praise for the management of the library from those who have used it. Today the collection includes more than 38,000 separate items, including books, maps, and other artifacts associated with the history of the Republic and state of Texas, the city of San Antonio and Bexar County.
This is an early example of one of Stephen F. Austin’s
hand-drawn Texas maps. The map was part of the papers of the Cumings
family, who were among the first group of settlers in Austin’s colony.
The map was donated to the Daughters of the Republic of Texas by the
Cumings family.
This is the DRT Library’s earliest original
photograph of the Alamo. In the 1850s, the Alamo was under the control
of the United States military. While the Alamo functioned as their
quartermaster depot, the Army added the A-frame roof and the now-iconic
“humps” of the façade. |
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| Seeking greater opportunities, young lawyer Daniel W. Cloud was caught up in the news of the independence movement in Texas. After traveling from Illinois to Louisiana, Cloud told his brother of his plans to cross the Sabine River and aid the Texan cause. Cloud saw as his potential reward a country "immense in extent and fertile in its soil." Joining the garrison at the Alamo in San Antonio, Cloud was killed when it fell to Mexican forces under General Santa Anna on March 6, 1836.
Known as the “babe of the Alamo,” Angelina Dickinson was only fourteen months old when she witnessed the siege and battle of the Alamo from inside the old mission. Her father, artillery captain Almeron Dickinson, was killed during the battle on March 6; Angelina and her mother Susannah survived and were sent to Gonzales to deliver news of the garrison’s fall.
On March 3, a copy of the Texas Declaration of Independence was sent to publishers of the Telegraph and Texas Register, with an order to print 1,000 copies in handbill form. Printed hastily, the first one hundred copies, including the one shown here, omitted the names of several representatives. Printing was halted and the problem was corrected for the remainder of the copies. Although moved east in advance of Santa Anna's approaching army, the Telegraph presses were captured by Mexican soldiers in April 1836 and dumped into Buffalo Bayou. |
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In this letter, José Francisco Ruiz, one of two Tejano signers of the Texas Declaration of Independence, warns his son-in-law, Blas Herrera, against the wisdom of remaining in town should the Mexicans return to claim San Antonio.
The Republic of Texas government began issuing “redbacks,”
seen here, by an act of January 19, 1839. These engraved promissory
notes were payable to the bearer without interest and printed in
denominations of $5, $10, $20, $100, and $500 with change notes of $1,
$2, and $3. Initially worth about thirty-seven cents to a U.S. dollar,
by 1842 redbacks were virtually worthless due to over-printing and
inflation; in some areas of Texas, they had a market value of only two
cents on the dollar. |
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David Crockett's mythic image as a frontiersman, established during his lifetime and magnified after his death at the Alamo, was the source for many popular entertainments. The first Crockett Almanac appeared in 1835, with others following regularly under various publishers through 1856. The almanacs contained a variety of practical information along with wildly-embellished or invented tales of Crockett's exploits.
Born in Paris, France, Theodore Gentilz made his way to Texas where he would become one of the founders of Castroville and well-known for his many paintings and drawings that depicted the state’s earliest days. The Spanish Governor’s Palace in San Antonio de Bexár is the scene for this painting entitled Fandango. Gentilz’s genre studies of this period are among his most recognizable works.
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Ancient
Mesoamerican cities near St. Louis Los Dias de Los Muertos, Omaha, 2015 1538 - Hernando de Soto, Explorador del Golfo de México Athanase de Mézières, Linguist |
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Modern borders have skewed how ancient civilizations are
interpreted, says Steve Leckson,
Great North American civilizations from 1,000 years ago, including Chaco and Cahokia near St. Louis, were outliers of a vast Mesoamerican empire in southern Mexico. |
LOS DIAS DE LOS MUERTOS OMAHA 2015 By Los Dias de los Muertos Omaha · Taken at Saint Cecilia Cathedral |
Thousands had the opportunity to view the Mexican American Historical Society's produced Ofrendas, make sugar skulls, exhibit their works and installations, listen to poets and experience Verbal Ofrendas story-plays. All taking place on the St Cecilia's Cathedral Campus....This album is the tip of the ice-berg of this Linda Rivera Garcia conceived Chicana project. https://www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.881645238597742.1073741856.489802187782051&type=1 |
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6 de abril
de 1538, zarpa de Sanlúcar de Barrameda, una flota de 7 galeones,
1 carabela, 2 bergantines, 960 soldados, 12 clérigos y 350
caballos y al mando del capitán Hernando de Soto, rumbo a la
Florida.
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Athanase de Mézières: November 2nd, 1779 -- Spanish diplomat dies of head injuryOn this day in 1779, Athanase de Mézières died at San Antonio of lingering effects from a head injury suffered in a fall from a horse. Mézières was born to nobility in Paris in 1719 and served in the French army in Louisiana in the 1730s. In 1746, while stationed at Natchitoches, Louisiana, he married Marie de St. Denis, the daughter of Louis Juchereau and Manuela Sánchez Navarro de St. Denis; the marriage ended the following year, when Marie died in childbirth. In 1763, shortly after Louisiana had passed from French to Spanish control, Mézières offered his services to Spain. Skilled in Latin, French, and Spanish as well as in several Indian languages, he embarked on an extraordinary career as Spanish agent to the Indians of northern Texas. He negotiated several important treaties, and in 1772 made the earliest definite mention of the Texas Iron, which was for years the largest recorded meteorite in the world. In 1778 Bernardo de Gálvez, governor of Louisiana, assigned Mézières to forge an alliance among the Spanish, Comanches, and Norteños against the Apaches. To this end Mézières spent much of the next year traveling, and was en route from Los Adaes to Nacogdoches when he was thrown from his horse. He arrived in San Antonio, where he learned he had been appointed governor of Texas, in September 1779, but never assumed office. The proposed alliance with the Comanches and Norteños never came to pass. Source: Texas State Historical Association
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December 3: Bernardo de Galvez, a Live Legacy
Documentary |
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BERNARDO DE GALVEZ, A LIVE LEGACY |
 Bernardo de Galvez is one of just seven Spaniards in history to have been granted honorary United States citizenship. Galvez’s part in the American Revolutionary War played a critical role in the US’s independence from Britain. Recruiting 7,500 soliders and taking part in the pivotal battles of New Orleans, Baton Rouge, Natchez, and Mobile were significant tidal shifts in the war, punctuated by the Battle of Pensacola, a heroic action that allowed the Americans control of the Mississippi River as a necessary route for supplies to fight the English. This documentary is a historical journey from the past to the present, searching for Galvez, who he was, and what he means today. Written and directed by Eterio Ortega in Spain, 2015 |
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Voces: Baseball, Abuela and Me
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| NEW YORK, NY -- Invariably when baseball season starts, commentators talk about fathers and sons at the ballpark. They regale viewers with stories of Little League and playing catch in the yard. Every season is the promise of a clean slate that lures us into the traditions, statistics of the past, while promising a chance at redemption. But my favorite time of the season is the World Series. That's when every pitch can become the play that transforms the metaphysical into the personal. And it will always remind me of my Aba. I first learned my Abuela was a baseball fan in the summer of 2001. I had flown down from Brooklyn to Miami to move her into her new apartment. At the age of seventy eight, it would be the first time my grandmother had set up house on her own. I don't know who was more scared, her or me. Abuela was formidable by every standard. Not your average "suburban doctor's wife," she was fiercely opinionated and sardonic. She relished a good argument and had disdain for piety.
But it was at dusk, as we had our 'happy hour' whiskey and crushed ice in the den, that my grandfather's absence was suffocating.
Sent by Mercy Bautista Olvera |
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The original first five were: Preston Leach, Frank Morrow, Henry Meyer, Herman Velez and Donald Kinebrew. We became six with Vic Faster (25 Precinct). Above is a photo of New York's Finest Singing Group: my 30 Pct partner, Herman Velez, is on far right. Donald Kinebrew 3rd from right was later shot in the chest while off duty while in the vicinity of the 30 Pct., trying to stop a robbery. Donald survived but died years later of a heart attack, due to the injury he sustained when he was shot. True Blue of a cop. I'm proud to have known him. God bless his soul.
Not trying to brag { yes, I am } but those three guys were good looking guys
back in the day. They could have been in movies playing cops and what have you. I've seen some not too good looking guys who were once cops go into the
movie business. Many of you know who they are. They just had a BIG HOOK and
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| 1972 Harlem mosque incident From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 1972 Harlem mosque incident describes the April 14, 1972 shooting of a New York City Police Department (NYPD) officer at the Nation of Islam Mosque No. 7 in Harlem, Manhattan, New York City. The officer responded to a fake 9-1-1 call, was shot and died six days later. The incident sparked political and public outcry about mishandling of the incident by the NYPD and the administration of Mayor John V. Lindsay. On April 14, 1972, a 10-13, or NYPD officer's call for assistance from a man claiming to be a Detective Thomas, was received by police. The call came from 102 West 116th Street, the Nation of Islam Mosque No. 7, where Malcolm X was once minister before his conversion to orthodox Islam. Officer Phillip Cardillo and his partner Vito Navarra of the 28th Precinct responded, entering the mosque.[1] When they arrived at the mosque, they heard scuffling on the floor above. As they made their way to the staircase they were intercepted by 15 to 20 men who forced the officers to retreat down the stairs and back into the hallway. Police officers Victor Padilla and Ivan Negron, of the 25th Precinct, arrived and entered the premises. The officers were outnumbered and were then attacked. Cardillo's partner was able to escape as a steel door was closed, trapping officers Cardillo, Padilla and Negron.[2][3][4] According to the New York Police Department, the officers were attacked by around 15 to 20 congregants, were beaten, and stripped of their guns. Padilla was then beaten and blackjacked into semi-consciousness while his partner fought off several men who were trying to grab his revolver. With his back to the door, officer Negron suddenly heard shots. Negron turned and saw a man with a gun in his hand who seemed to be getting up from the floor where officer Cardillo now lay shot.[3][4] During the incident, Officer Cardillo was assaulted, stripped of his firearm and was shot at point-blank range. Negron, managing to free himself from his attackers, drew his revolver and fired three shots. It is not known if the man with the gun was hit; he escaped. Officer Rudy Andre of the 28 Pct., broke the glass on the front metal door and saw the patrolmen inside on their backs. He fired several shots through the broken glass into the hallway which scattered the men who had been assaulting the officers, thus enabling officer Negron to unbolt the double metal door. During the melee, officers Cardillo and Padilla were seriously injured.[2][5] Mosque representatives maintained that the officers entered with guns drawn and interrupted prayer despite repeated requests to leave their guns outside. During the initial attempt to enter the mosque, police officers, including Cardillo's partner Officer Vito Navarra, claimed that prior to being forced out, they witnessed a man named Louis 17X Dupree standing over the dying Cardillo with a gun in hand. After reinforcements arrived, allowing police to retake the mosque, Dupree and several others were initially arrested at the scene. However, before Dupree could be taken into custody, Louis Farrakhan and Congressman Charles B. Rangel arrived at the scene, threatening a riot if Dupree was not released.[6] The NYPD's chief of detectives, Albert Seedman, was the ranking officer at the scene. He said years afterwards that he called Chief Inspector Michael Codd from the basement and asked for two busloads of police cadets, to be armed only with nightsticks, to keep the peace outside. Codd, Seedman said, refused, hung up and would not take Seedman's subsequent calls.[7] Soon after, more officers arrived on the scene. An angry mob began to form around the police barricade, and began pelting officers with projectiles and calling them "pigs." Several high ranking police officials ordered all officers out of the mosque and sent away all white officers.[1] It was hours later before 300-500 people were able to peacefully exit from the mosque after negotiations.[8] Due to the lower police force and a still angry crowd, police abandoned the scene. A promise was made by Rangel and Farrakhan, according to Seedman, that Dupree and the other suspects would turn themselves in to the 24th police precinct the following day, though none ever did. Rangel denies making such a promise. A new police policy was summarily enacted, identifying the mosque as a "sensitive location," thus preventing an investigation into the shooting for two years.[1] Officer Cardillo died six days later at St. Luke's Hospital as a result of his wounds.[9]Neither the Mayor of NYC or the NYPD Police Commissioner attended PO Cardillo's funeral. The 'Detective Thomas' from the original false alarm 10-13 call was never identified. Many of the officers of the NYPD, including Detective Randy Jurgensen who was the Cardillo case's lead detective, believed the fake call to be either a diversion or a trap, possibly set by elements of the Black Liberation Army, which the NYPD blamed for numerous murders of police officers.[1] Others have suggested that the fake call was a pretext call from an FBI informant, intended to spark dissent under the COINTELPRO program.[10] According to Cardillo's family, police investigators failed to follow procedure in investigating the shooting.[11] Due to political pressure, officers in the basement directed by Chief Seedman released a dozen suspects in the shooting without identifying them. The release of the suspects severely hampered the investigation.[12] In a decided break with tradition, neither mayor John V. Lindsay nor the police commissioner at the time Patrick V. Murphy attended officer Cardillo's funeral. An unrepentant Farrakhan would later state that the officers "charged into our temple like criminals and were treated like criminals." Two years after the shooting, prosecutors brought charges against the mosque school's dean, Louis 17X Dupree, after an informant who witnessed the incident testified against him. After the first trial culminated in a hung jury, Dupree was later acquitted at the second, largely because ballistic evidence could not be recovered and Dupree's attorney's argued that either Cardillo shot himself or he was shot by another police officer.[12] Aftermath: According to Randy Jurgensen and Robert Cea, Dupree, who later changed his name to Khalid Ali, was arrested in North Carolina on narcotics charges. He is currently serving a fifteen-year sentence in Georgia State Penitentiary. In 2012, local police officers proposed to the Manhattan Community Board 10 that part of the street in front of the mosque be renamed after Officer Cardillo.[13] Seedman said he decided to retire that day, as he was walking back to his car and dodging bricks being thrown at him. He claimed at the time that his retirement had nothing to do with the incident. In 2012, however, a year before his death, he admitted that his disgust with Codd's refusal to provide the extra officers was his real reason, and he did not want to say so at the time because "I loved the police department so much that I couldn't drag it through the dirt by saying what those bastards did."[7] Anne Barnard (11 May 2012). "Harlem Split on Plan to Honor Officer Killed in Mosque in ’72". New York Times. Retrieved 15 May 2012. "Circle of Six: The True Story of New York's Most Notorious Cop Killer and the Cop Who Risked Everything to Catch Him"; Author: Randy Jurgensen; Publisher: Red Wheel Weiser, 2007; ISBN 1934708852, 9781934708859. NYPD Angels Recognition For Cardillo After Four Decades "The Untold Story Behind the Harlem Mosque Shooting"; by: Robert Daley; New York Magazine Jun 4, 1973. Cannato, Vincent J. (2001). The Ungovernable City: John Lindsay and His Struggle to Save New York. New York: Basic Books. pp. 485–487. ISBN 0-465-00843-7. Hellman, Peter (April 29, 2012). "Last confession: A former NYPD chief on the cop-killer coverup that forced him out". New York Post. Retrieved May 20, 2013. "Nation of Islam team defeats police lawsuit filed after mosque stand-off". Finalcall.com. Retrieved 2012-05-15. Mays, Jeff. "Naming Street for Cop Killed at Mosque Could 'Open Old Wounds,' Locals Say". DNAinfo.com. Retrieved 2012-05-15. Micah, Morrison (2015-04-19). "Did an FBI call accidentally kill an NYPD officer?". www.nypost.com. Retrieved 2015-04-19. Gendar, Alison (2009-03-21). "Nation of Islam mosque killing of NYPD cop still a mystery, 37 years later - New York Daily News". Articles.nydailynews.com. Retrieved 2012-05-15. "Remembering Cardillo and the Mosque". Nypdconfidential.com. Retrieved 2012-05-15. "NYPD officer told to get Muslim leaders' blessing to honor cop killed in mosque". Fox News. 2010-04-07. Retrieved 2012-05-15. Further reading[edit] Sonny Grosso; John Devaney (1977). Murder at the Harlem mosque. Crown Publishers. p. 224. ISBN 978-0517529713. Randy Jurgensen; Robert Cea (1 November 2006). Circle of Six: The True Story of New York's Most Notorious Cop-Killer and The Cop Who Risked Everything to Catch Him. The Disinformation Company. p. 256. ISBN 978-1932857399. Vincent J. Cannato (2001). The Ungovernable City: John Lindsay and His Struggle to Save New York. Basic Books. p. 487. ISBN 978-0465008445. Coordinates: 40.802014°N 73.950227°W A two-story brick building on a city street with arched windows, a green dome atop in the center and storefronts at street level Mosque No. 7 today, known as Malcolm Shabazz Mosque. |
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7
de junio de 1527, salió de Sanlúcar la expedición de Pánfilo de
Narváez, con 5 naves y 600 hombres, entre ellos le acompañaba Alvar
Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, se dirigían a la exploración y conquista de
la Florida.
Nota mía: también iban el Capt. Andrés Dorantes de Carranza
y Alonso Maldonado del Castillo, participantes del mismo
infortunio y de la misma odisea de exploración a pie desde Texas a
Sinaloa que duró 8 años.
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17
de junio de 1527, salió de Sanlúcar la expedición de Pánfilo de
Narváez, con 5 naves y 600 hombres, entre ellos le acompañaba Alvar
Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, se dirigían a la exploración y conquista de
la Florida.
Nota mía: también iban el Capt. Andrés Dorantes de Carranza
y Alonso Maldonado del Castillo, participantes del mismo
infortunio y de la misma odisea de exploración a pie desde Texas a
Sinaloa que duró 8 años.
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Winter Solstice Celebration:
Southeastern Indian Culture & Heritage December 12-13, 2015 Mission San Luis, Tallahassee, Florida Florida Living History, Inc.'s volunteers will join their fellow living historians and Native Americans from across Florida, Georgia, Alabama, and Louisiana at Mission San Luis (MSL - www.missionsanluis.org/), in Tallahassee, Florida, for MSL's annual Winter Solstice Celebration: Southeastern Indian Culture & Heritage Event. This year's Winter Solstice Celebration has been expanded to two days of Native American culture, crafts, demonstrations, and presentations - Saturday December 12, and Sunday, December 13. |
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Florida Living History, Inc. Newsletter, November 2015
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Before Freedom, When I Just Can Remember
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 The
idea of interviewing slaves about their experiences dates to the 1760s,
when abolitionists first began to publish slave narratives as a way to
educate the public to the horrors of slavery. From 1929 to 1932, the
social sciences department at Fisk University in Nashville, Tennessee,
sponsored a project to gather more interviews. In 1934, one of the Fisk
project workers suggested the federal government hire unemployed
white-collar blacks to undertake similar projects in Indiana and
Kentucky. Two years later, the Works Progress Administration directed
the Federal Writers' Project teams in four more states to begin
interviewing former slaves living in their states. The project soon
expanded to cover fourteen states. By the time the WPA project ended in
1938, some 2,000 interviews, representing about two percent of the
ex-slave population in the United States at the time had been completed
and transcribed. The editors of the volumes listed on this page combed
through the transcriptions to find the most interesting of the
narratives from each particular state. |
 Hailed in 1849 as "a new department in the literature of civilization," the slave narrative forms the foundation of the African American literary tradition. From the late-eighteenth-century narratives by Africans who endured the harrowing Middle Passage, through the classic American fugitive slave narratives of the mid-nineteenth century, slave narratives have provided some of the most graphic and damning documentary evidence of the horrors of slavery. Riveting, passionate, and politically charged, the slave narrative blends personal memory and rhetorical attacks on slavery to create powerful literature and
propaganda.The Civitas Anthology presents the seven classic antislavery narratives of the antebellum period in their entirety: The History of Mary Prince, a West Indian Slave , the first slave narrative published by a woman in the Americas; The Confessions of Nat Turner, written when Turner was asked to record his motivation for leading the bloodiest slave revolt in U.S. history; The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass , an international bestseller and the first narrative to fashion the male fugitive slave into an African American cultural hero; The Narrative of William W. Brown , an account that explored with unprecedented realism the slave's survival ethic and the art of the slave trickster; The Narrative of the Life of Henry Bibb , the story of the struggles of the most memorable family man among the classic slave narrators; Running a Thousand Miles for Freedom , a gripping chronicle of one of the most daring and celebrated slave escapes ever recorded; and Incidents in the Life of Slave Girl , a dramatic text that exposed the sexual abuse of female slaves and pioneered the image of the fugitive slave woman as an articulate resister and survivor. Born out of lives of unparalleled suffering, the slave narrative captures all the bravery, drama, and hope that characterized the African American struggle against slavery. From these beginnings came some of the most influential novels in American literature, for the works of writers such as Harriet Beecher Stowe, Mark Twain, and Toni Morrison owe much of their power and social resonance to the slave narrative tradition. The Civitas Anthology gathers the most important narratives in this tradition into one volume for the first time, an indispensable resource for scholars, students, and general readers. |
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1840 Painting: Baptism of Pocahontas in
Jamestown, Virginia, 1613 or 1614
Alaskan villagers struggle as island is chewed up by the sea by Maria L. La Ganga En contraste con la colonización inglesa Testimonio de Hernán Cortés sobre la tiranía de los aztecas Battle of Stone House California Name National Builder 2016 Conference |
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The Jamestown Chronicles Timeline: |
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This is climate change: |
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Kivalina,
Alaska, in 2007. The barrier reef Kivalina calls home gets smaller
and smaller with every storm. |
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This is what climate change looks like, up close and personal. In this town of 403 residents 83 miles above the Arctic Circle, beaches are disappearing, ice is melting, temperatures are rising, and the barrier reef Kivalina calls home gets smaller and smaller with every storm. There is no space left to build homes for the living. The dead are now flown to the mainland so the ocean won't encroach upon their graves. Most here agree that the town should be relocated; where, when and who will pay for it are the big questions. The Army Corps of Engineers figures Kivalina will be underwater in the next decade or so. Because the town's days on the edge of the Chukchi Sea are numbered, no money has been invested to improve residents' lives. Eighty percent of the homes do not have toilets. Most rely on homemade honey buckets — a receptacle lined with a garbage bag topped by a toilet seat. Residents haul water from tanks in the middle of town, 25 cents for five gallons. The school is overcrowded. Still, the unpaved streets here ring with the laughter of children, the buzz of all-terrain vehicles, the whoosh of the wind. Earlier this summer, White House advance staff cased the slender, apostrophe-shaped island to see whether President Obama could get here during his visit to the Arctic this week — the first by a sitting White House occupant. At the very least, he is scheduled to visit Kotzebue, less than 100 miles away, the heart of Alaska's Northwest Arctic Borough. Obama has high hopes for addressing climate change during his remaining time in office. The Alaska trip is part of a global warming tour. In Washington he will talk environmental issues with Pope Francis in late September, and in Paris he will attend the United Nations Climate Change Conference in November. The Alaska trip is part of an effort to "speak openly, honestly and frequently about how climate change is already affecting the lives of Americans and the strength and health of our economy," senior White House advisor Brian Deese said. Alaskans, Obama said Saturday in his weekly address, are already living with climate change's effects: "More frequent and extensive wildfires. Bigger storm surges as sea ice melts faster. Some of the swiftest shoreline erosion in the world — in some places, more than 3 feet a year. "Alaska's glaciers are melting faster too," he said, "threatening tourism and adding to rising seas. And if we do nothing, Alaskan temperatures are projected to rise between six and 12 degrees by the end of the century, changing all sorts of industries forever." Although Obama views this state as the U.S. poster child for climate change, some Alaskans beg to differ. They are glad the president agreed to allow limited offshore oil exploration. They want more access to the vast state's natural resources. And they are wary of a leader who views their home as a global warming disaster area. Gov. Bill Walker, who will meet with Obama during his visit to the Last Frontier, said he wants the president to support a natural gas pipeline and allow drilling in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. But most of all, the independent governor said in a news conference Tuesday, he doesn't want the Lower 48 to achieve its environmental goals on the backs of Alaskans by barring access to natural resources. "We probably have the smallest footprint per capita in the nation, if not the world, on impacting climate change," Walker said. "We have some impacts, there's no question, but ... I'm going to talk a lot about the economic climate change that we're experiencing today. That's really what my focus is going to be on with the president." Shelby Adams has a different message for Obama. That is, if she gets to talk to him when he travels more than 3,600 miles from the Beltway to see the Arctic with his own eyes. Shelby, who just turned 13, has lived in Kivalina her entire life, and she loves her island home dearly. "It's where I grew up, where everybody I know is," she said five days before Obama was scheduled to land in Kotzebue. "We need to relocate because the ocean is slowly eating away our island." Shelby was in fourth grade when much of Kivalina was forced to evacuate during a fierce storm in 2011. She and her family were on one of the few planes that made it to the mainland before flying conditions became too dangerous. Everyone else sheltered in the school, the highest point on the nearly flat island. "We had people sleeping in all the classrooms and the gym," said Emma Knowles, who was Shelby's teacher at McQueen School that year. "Someone had gotten a caribou the day before, so we made a huge pot of caribou stew.... The school didn't even budge. As dilapidated as it looks, it survived." Kivalina is no stranger to harsh weather, and erosion worries have dogged the 27-acre town almost since its inception in 1905. In the 21st century, however, warming temperatures and the perilous changes that cascade from them have stripped the island of its major source of protection: ice. Normally each fall, ice begins hugging the Kivalina shoreline around the end of October and stays until the end of June. Even during fierce storms, ice keeps the raging ocean away. But climate change has caused the ice to appear later and melt earlier, leaving the barrier island more vulnerable to storm surges. Thinner ice also makes it harder for the Inupiat to go whaling. Normally, crews will build camps at the edge of the so-called shore-fast ice and hunt bowhead and beluga whales as they swim north in spring. "If the shore-fast ice is thin and weak, it's not safe to make a camp," said Timothy Schuerch, president of the Maniilaq Assn., a tribally operated health services organization with clinics in Kivalina and the other borough villages. "Whaling crews have drifted out to sea." The Inupiat who live in Kivalina get most of their food from the land and sea around them. The increasingly warm weather means an abundance of cloudberries and low-bush blackberries, said Millie Hawley, Kivalina tribal president, but it also threatens many of the food staples on which Alaska natives here depend. "With the caribou, usually it's like clockwork," Hawley said. "Every June, we'd hunt. We haven't done that in years. It's unpredictable. We don't know when we'll see them." Kivalina residents hang the caribou's hindquarters outside of their homes to age. The frozen meat is eaten raw, dipped in seal oil, which is also harvested in June. Trout is eaten the same way. The Inupiat also depend on seal for meat. "Usually we get 80 to 100 seals for the whole community," Hawley said. "This year, we were looking to get eight. The community now has to go without dried meat and oil." When their traditional foods become scarce, island residents must depend on the Kivalina Native Store, the only one in town. Kivalina is closer to Russia than it is to Anchorage, and nearly all supplies are shipped here by air. Which accounts for astronomical prices: A quart of shelf-stable whole milk runs $4.19. A can of Campbell's tomato soup is $2.95. A 5-pound bag of unbleached, all-purpose flour is $8.75. A 25.5-ounce bottle of Bertolli extra virgin olive oil is $23.79. The store is Kivalina's pride and joy, the newest building in this wind-battered town. The old store burned down in December. Its replacement opened in July. It is big, clean, warm and well-stocked. And it stands out in a town of peeling paint and crowded, threatened structures, most on short stilts to protect from flooding. The school, attended by 154 students from pre-kindergarten through high school, is so jammed that every available space is used for storage. Hallways, stairwells and classrooms are lined with books and supplies. A working washing machine stands at the end of one hall. The main drags, Bering and Channel streets, are unpaved, their gravel surfaces deeply rutted from the rain and the ATVs that residents use to get around in summer. Small houses crowd together; each is home to extended families, some of up to 17 or so. At least two houses, Hawley said, are in imminent danger of tumbling into the water. The cemetery lines Kivalina's slender runway, its crosses visible on takeoff and landing. Because of erosion, there is almost no room to build, Hawley said, so "we break every state and federal regulation. The airport is supposed to be a mile or a mile and a half from the dump. It's 500 feet away." The fuel tanks that run the power plant were in danger of falling into the Chukchi Sea, so the town moved them to higher, safer ground. Fifty feet away is a small cluster of housing for teachers, which cozies up right next to the school. When Hawley is asked why her people don't move — somewhere, anywhere to be safe — she is polite but firm. The land and the water make the Inupiat who they are. If they moved to Kotzebue, they would be visitors. Moving to Anchorage or Fairbanks, she said, "would be like asking us not to be a people any more." So what does she want to tell the leader of the free world when she greets him next week — in Kotzebue, if not Kivalina? "We are American citizens," she said, fast and fierce. "We have as much right as all of America to have access to the resources Washington provides. ... If you are going to provide millions of dollars to stop hunger in Africa, my people are hungry. Stop hunger here." http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-arctic-obama-20150830-story.html |
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En
contraste con la colonización inglesa que desplazó a los indígenas |
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Mestizaje hispano-americano Editor Mimi: This edict clearly
reveals that the attitude of the Spanish colonizing adelantados |
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November 10th, 1837 -- Battle of Stone Houses |
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Source: Texas State Historical Association
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CALIFORNIA NAME NATIONAL BUILDER 2016 CONFERENCE |
CONFERENCE INFORMATION: URL: http://californianame.nationbuilder.com/ THE 2016 CONFERENCE WILL BE HELD AT HUMBOLDT STATE UNIVERSITY IN ARCATA, CA ON FRIDAY JANUARY 8 (5 PM-9 PM) AND SATURDAY JANUARY 9, 2016 (8 AM - 4 PM). FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT TRAVEL, LODGING, AND MORE, PLEASE VISIT OUR PAGES AT 123SIGNUP: REGISTRATION LINK: HTTPS://WWW.123SIGNUP.COM/REGISTER?ID=PTHBM https://www.123signup.com/register?id=pthbm INFORMATION LINK: HTTPS://WWW.123SIGNUP.COM/EVENT?ID=PTHBM https://www.123signup.com/event?id=pthbm Marlette Grant Jackson: Indigenous Literature – Dehumanizing or Humanizing? In this interactive workshop we will learn about various books, which have inaccurate and problematic portrayals of Indigenous people. We will also look at books, which have accurate portrayals. After this workshop you will have a list of literature books, which you should have in the classroom and others that should be looked at in critical eyes because they continue to dehumanize indigenize people. Interactive workshop on how to integrate Indigenous Knowledge into the Curriculum” --- Margo Robbins and Billie Sanderson. In this workshop presenters will share cultural curriculum aligned to Common Core Content Standards that was created by local Native American educators for grades K-12. Indigenizing the Science curriculum K-12 ---Shannon Morago In this workshop elementary and secondary teachers will learn how integrate native science into their curriculum and classroom. A Theoretical Framework for Understanding an Indigenous African Social Context for Teaching Biology -- Antoinette S. Linton, California State University Fullerton This workshop will look at the importance of creating rituals, routines, and social interactions that allow students to master themselves, develop ways of knowing that are aligned with their cultural beings, and taking on the role of Teacher as Elder to facilitate student ontological development. Learning biology becomes more then just understanding a particular science; it becomes a way for students to know themselves. Teaching Tarantino’s Django Unchained and Hollywood's Slave Narratives: Problems and Possibilities --- Ramona Bell, Humboldt State University This presentation critically analyzes the problems and possibilities of teaching Hollywood’s slave narratives. Various high school students around the nation viewed Django Unchained and 12 Years a Slave as a required assignment. Some teachers were negatively criticized while others were praised for the ways in which they used these films. Educators who use film to teach about slavery in the United States should be aware of how these narratives portray the historical lived realities of African Americans in the United States. What frameworks do educators use in presenting these films to classes? What are the benefits? What’s problematic? I explore these questions and offer possible pedagogical strategies in teaching Hollywood’s slave narratives. How to read and use the new CA-ELD Standards --- Karen Cadiero-Kaplan, CSU San Diego In this workshops presenter will explain how teachers can use the standards as a way to enhance their pedagogy. Microaggression in the Classroom: Detect and Eliminate --- Marisol Ruiz, Education, Kaitlyn Hernandez Wildlife, Greg Rodriguez, Native American Studies, Nathaniel McGuigan, Microbiology, Humboldt State University Microaggressions are subtle unintentional racial aggressions people of color experience sometimes on a daily bases. Many times the people committing the act of microaggression do not realize it. In this workshop we hope to unveil microaggressions so we are better able detect them. Students will share their testimonials to exemplify how microaggressions are displayed in the classroom. Many times students have attempted to address the microagression but fail to achieve a positive outcome. In this workshop we will give people the tools to positively address the microaggressions they face. Building Paths of Understanding for English Learners through Culturally Relevant Pedagogy --- Dr. Anaida Colon-Muñiz, Chapman University Culturally Relevant Pedagogy (CRP) (Ladson-Billings, 2001) uses the students' knowledge, backgrounds, and experiences to connect with classroom learning, raise student expectations, and engage students in a more robust and meaningful curriculum. In this session, the presenter will share effective practices for creating an accessible and equitable classroom using culturally relevant pedagogy; multicultural content, materials and classroom design, and cooperative organizational structures. Home Grow’in: A “Pipeline” Initiative for Latin@ Bilingual Secondary Bilingual Teachers --- Dr. Jose Cintrón & Dr. Margarita Berta-Avila, Sacramento State This session describes the three-year old National Latino/Education Research Policy Project (NLERAP) “Grow Your Own” initiative at Sacramento State University. Presenters will detail project efforts to prepare Latin@ bilingual pre-service secondary candidates with a theoretical, philosophical, and pedagogical focus grounded in PAR social justice pedagogy in Title I schools. In Lak Ech: The Xican@ Paradigm - Towards an Indigenous Epistemology --- Jose Maldonado, Guadalupe Carrasco, Johnavalos, Elias Serna, Tolteks Cuahtin, XITO - Califas This is a panel of educators and activists who are utilizing Xican@ indigenous epistemology as their foundation for engaging in the decolonization process in schools. This panel will discuss their efforts to create an alternative school space while engaging the audience with the pedagogical process that is woven throughout their teaching and community organizing practices. Infusing Counter-Storytelling in Your Curriculum: Lessons from Youth Projects --- Dr. Miguel Zavala, Chapman University This workshop will provide an overview of counter-storytelling, which has been used as a resource for survival by Black, Chican@, and other historically marginalized communities, and how counter-storytelling can be used in your English, social studies, art, and ethnic studies courses. Explore the transformative potential in performing social biographies as students come to voice and challenge historical oppression. Curriculum will be analyzed and examples will be provided from my own teaching with urban and migrant working class Chican@ youth. “The Danger of a Single Story” Writing, Reflecting, and Understanding --- Nikola Hobbel, Professor of English Education In this interactive workshop, participants learn a creative pedagogical approach that dismantles injustice in classrooms and communities. We will explore how power, oppression and privilege figure in the stories we tell, the stories that shape our identities and actions. Participants will learn a concrete strategy aimed at disrupting what Nigerian author Chimamanda Adichie calls the “single stories” about people who are different from us. Through an interactive writing activity, participants will converge on “Counterstorytelling.” This workshop is intended for teachers of youth and educational leaders to develop skill in identifying and responding to the narrow stories told about racial and cultural others. Towards Translanguaging: Classroom Strategies to Support Student Voices in a Multilingual World ---Dr. Tricia Gallagher-Geurtsen, San Diego Regional Network, CA-NAME In this session K-12 teachers will be introduced to classroom strategies that honor the cultural hybridity of multilingual youth in their classroom. Through examples of languaging, participants will understand how thinking about language learning as translanguaging can make their classroom pedagogy more democratic, creative, interactive, and socially relevant to their students. Participants will receive a handout of curricular strategies and resources. Conversations about teaching---Bill Ayers This session will include conversations with Bill Ayers on what it means to teach and on learning how to include the taboo in your curriculum. Sent by Dr. Miguel Zavala mzavala@chapman.edu |
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Yitzhak Navon: A Man of Honor |
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Yitzhak Navon: A Man of Honor |
 Israel fifth president Yitzhak
Navon, who passed away on Friday, did not like to be called retired president. He preferred to be described with whatever title he held at any given time. He was a man of honor, who had been honored and was worthy of honor.He had the nobility of a lord. In 1921, he was born into 300 years of family history in Jerusalem. Unlike the young fighters of his generation who resisted the British rule, he was a man of books. Navon joined the Haganah, the Jewish military during the pre-state era, but in his nature and mannerisms he was not a man of conflict but rather a sort of an unceremonious prince with an admirable command of the language. Despite serving as a combat-supporting intelligence agent in the Haganah, he was also a diplomat. Among his group of Haganah youths, who rallied around and admired Israel's first Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion, he was an unusual figure. Not only was he a "pure Sephardi" Jew from Jerusalem -- the only Sephardi among a group of prominent Ashkenazi men such as Jerusalem Mayor Teddy Kollek, renowned scientist Professor Ernst David Bergmann, and senior political and military figures like Moshe Dayan and Shimon Peres -- he also did not rush into political battles like many of his colleagues. It was only in the final years of his political career that he found himself embroiled in clashes. Navon was a man of many virtues; he was an outstanding diplomat; he managed the busiest bureau in the world (Ben-Gurion's office); he knew how to conduct himself wisely around gifted leaders; he had a wonderful sense of humor; he had a predilection for education -- one that only came into play later in his life; and he had a particular political sensibility, also developed later in his career, that was always accompanied with a smile. His peers' fondness had its advantages: A year after Likud was voted into power for the first time, Navon was not only elected to serve as Israel's fifth president, he ran for the position unopposed. The disadvantage: When his presidential term ended, he considered running against Shimon Peres for the leadership of the Labor party, but Peres' angry reaction prompted him to back down. Navon was seen as a dove among hawks. He was always grateful for the opportunity to serve under Ben-Gurion and never questioned the latter's decisions. Furthermore, he never attempted to counteract the Likud save for one unusual incident: when he demanded a commission of inquiry into the Sabra and Shatila massacre during the first Lebanon War in 1982, thus sentencing then-Defense Minister Ariel Sharon to political exile for several years. This move also set a precedent for Israeli presidents to intervene in political procedures. Above all, Navon always remained true to his pen. He was invited to plan the events that marked the 500th anniversary of the expulsion of the Jews from Spain -- the same expulsion that prompted his own family to make the journey to the Promised Land and settle in Jerusalem. Ultimately, when he decided not to run for a Knesset seat in the beginning of the 1990s, he did not sound angry or disappointed for not being called back to lead his party. Instead, he went back to his life's true passion -- penning the musical Bustan Sefardi ("Sephardic Garden") -- that same garden of Sephardi folklore that he carried in his heart and wanted to perpetuate. Indeed, once he put it down on paper, it was no longer a part of reality but a part of the collective memory, which continues to be staged to this day at Habima, Israel's national theater in Tel Aviv. http://www.israelhayom.com/site/newsletter_opinion.php?id=14273 M M M |
Israel Taking Major Steps to Reconnect Millions of Bnei Anousim to Jewish Nation |
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Knesset caucus aims to ‘reconnect’ with descendants of Sephardi Jews |
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It is a moral imperative to strengthen ties with the ‘bnei anusim’ who are now being
embraced |
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| Lisbon began bestowing citizenship upon descendants of Sephardic Jews who were persecuted on the Iberian Peninsula some 500 years ago. Only three have qualified in Portugal thus far, but since October 2 in neighboring Spain, 4,302 new citizens have begun the bureaucratic citizenship process based on similar laws offering statehood as way of making amends for the historical crimes committed during the Inquisition. Seeing the media buzz generated by Spain and Portugal’s initiatives, Ashley Perry, a longtime adviser to the Foreign Ministry and international pro-Israel organizations, realized that, ironically, Israel is neglecting this same population. In an August interview, Perry told The Times of Israel that, despite concerns about Jewish law, he “dreams to create a law similar to the Spanish and Portuguese law for bnei anusim [descendants of Sephardi Jews, who are largely no longer Jewish in practice].” And now Israel may be one step closer as Perry and other like-minded individuals and politicians launched a new Knesset caucus Tuesday that aims to reconnect these potential friends of Israel to the state their ancestors prayed for. ‘There are few Jews who don’t have someone in their ancestries who wasn’t forcibly converted’ To Perry, a Sephardi Jew born in England, these descendants of Jews who were expelled or tortured during the Inquisition — currently scattered around the globe — could instinctively be natural supporters of Israel. Likewise, said Perry in August, “There are few Jews who don’t have someone in their ancestries who wasn’t forcibly converted.” Perry’s main motive, he said, is to “correct a historic injustice. It is a moral imperative to welcome back the bnei anusim.” And rebinding their fate with that of their distant Jewish relatives will, he said, “only strengthen the Jewish people.” With that in mind Perry recently founded Reconectar, an organization whose mission is to facilitate the reconnection with descendants of Spanish and Portuguese Jewish communities. Additionally, he is the director of the Knesset Caucus for the Reconnection with the Descendants of Spanish and Portuguese Jewish communities, which launched on Tuesday with a media event and conference hosting international academics and speakers. The October 13, 2015 launch of the Knesset Caucus for the Reconnection with the Descendants of Spanish and Portuguese Jewish communities. (Jeffrey P Worthington) The October 13, 2015, launch of the Knesset Caucus for the Reconnection with the Descendants of Spanish and Portuguese Jewish communities. (Jeffrey P Worthington) The Knesset event, which saw some 300 participants, including several MKs and the Spanish and Argentine ambassadors, was “something very symbolic and historic,” Perry told The Times of Israel this week. The subsequent conference, which took place in Jerusalem’s Ben Tzvi Institute, was chaired by Yisrael Beytenu MK Robert Ilatov, who cited the significance and potential global reach of this new initiative through the sheer numerical force of the descendants, which “stand in the tens of millions around the world,” said Ilatov. “Many of them are interested in exploring their Jewish roots and this movement will only be strengthened with technological advances that will aid them in this task. Our role as the Jewish people and the State of Israel’s decision-makers is to assist them in this task,” said Ilatov. Perry’s fledgling organization Reconectar is to be an online hub of educational materials and facilitation of more in-depth encounters with members of the Jewish Diaspora. Set to launch in early 2016, the website will initially be in English, Spanish and Portuguese, and will, at its most basic level, connect bnei anousim interested in learning about Judaism to Jews who are interested in teaching it. Perry aims to “create a resource to help people with an interest in Jewish customs,” including several Sephardi practices that a surprisingly number of their families may have kept in some way for centuries. He said he’s been told about families who always swept their dust to the center of the room (a Sephardi tradition), who would place small statues of the Madonna on their doorposts and kiss the feet (it is likely their distant relatives hid a mezuzah there), who spoke a “strange Spanish” (Ladino), or even an entire Christian congregation in New Mexico that would bow to the corner of the sanctuary (it turned out a Torah scroll had been buried there). Perry wants to show that “you can reclaim your past, reclaim your family’s past.” “This building, the Knesset, and the reestablished State of Israel remind us that the Jewish People are indeed the ‘eternal nation’ and we never let historical circumstances prevent us from achieving the seemingly impossible,” Perry said Tuesday. For a successful reconnection, however, two communities must be mobilized: the Jewish world and the bnei anusim, he said. “We need to place the reconnection with the Bnei Anusim on the agenda of the Jewish world and the State of Israel, which I hope we are beginning to do here today,” said Perry. http://www.timesofisrael.com/knesset-caucus-aims-to-reconnect-with-descendants-of-sephardi-jews/ |
The last Jews of Spain by Danielle BerrinOctober 13, 2015 |
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The 48-year-old educator (and a non-practicing attorney) is Sevilla’s go-to tour guide for the Jewish quarter; he is a Jewish history autodidact and lives in an apartment of wall-to-wall books. He also lectures on Holocaust studies and anti-Semitism at the local public university, Pablo de Olavide. He scoffs at the notion that there ever was a Spanish Jewish “Golden Age” when Jews prospered and three religions co-existed in peace and harmony – “This is a myth,” he said. “But how many of these cities have something to show? Hassán-Amsélem asked. “Not many.” Hassán-Amsélem is bothered by how the official record romanticizes the past. “You realize there’s not that much to see [in these quarters] because after 500 years, so much has been destroyed.” In Barcelona, for example, a Jewish cemetery was turned into a quarry – a cheap place to buy stone, which then became the building blocks of the city. “You can still see a façade with Hebrew letters carved into it,” Hassán-Amsélem said of one of Barcelona’s Jewish-tour stops.
Today, official statistics suggest that where once there was a Jewish community of 200,000, only 40,000 remain. But even that census, Hassán-Amsélem told me, is probably exaggerated: “I don’t see it,” he said, suggesting the actual population is probably somewhere between 18,000 and 20,000, with the biggest communities in Barcelona and Madrid. After generations of living in exile in North Africa, Hassán-Amsélem’s parents decided to return to their ancestral home in Sevilla. In 1963, his father organized all the Jewish émigrés into the “Israelite Community of Sevilla,” which today claims between 100 and 120 families – the size of one very small synagogue in Los Angeles.
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Ancient DNA from 7-year-old boy offers new clues about the Inca Empire Inca child sacrifices were drugged weeks before death, study finds DNA sheds light on mysterious, big-toothed human relatives |
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| Ancient DNA from 7-year-old boy offers new clues about the Inca Empire The 7-year-old Inca boy who was sacrificed. His mummified remains were found 30 yeras ago, and researchers were able to extract some of his DNA from a sample of his lung (inset). (Scientific Reports & Gómez-Carballa et al./Scientific Reports)
Karen Kaplan, Contact Reporter |
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Three children used as ritual sacrifices by the Inca civilization centuries ago were given a significant amount of drugs and alcohol for months before their deaths, according to an analysis of the frozen bodies found near the top of an Andean peak in South America. The findings, published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, give researchers a remarkably detailed two-year timeline of a child sacrifice's final months. The children were discovered in 1999 less than 30 yards from the snow-capped summit of the 22,110-foot-high Llullaillaco volcano in northern Argentina. Each body was entombed separately, in chambers facing different directions (north, east, and southwest). Together, according to the study led by Andrew Wilson of the University of Bradford in England, they represent "arguably the best naturally preserved assemblage of mummies found anywhere in the world." Two of the children, a girl and a boy, were about ages 4 to 5. The third, a 13-year-old girl known as the Llullaillaco Maiden, had been treated differently from the other two. She had long hair in many tiny, tight braids, wore a feather headdress and held a wad of coca still clenched in her teeth. (In comparison, the little girl's hair was much less cared for, and the little boy’s hair was infested with nits.) Using hair collected on site as well as hair taken directly from the scalp, an international team of researchers began to piece together the weeks and months leading up to the sacrifice. Hair can act as a chemical timeline of sorts: One centimeter represents about a month’s growth, and it can hold a record of what was happening in the body at the time. The 13-year-old’s braids were so long that the researchers were able to look two years back before her death. They analyzed carbon and nitrogen isotopes to determine if the quality of their food had improved, indicating a rise in status. They examined changes in sulfur and oxygen isotopes to find out if there were any changes in area or altitude that hinted of ritual journeys. The scientists found that the 13-year-old’s food had improved about a year before her death, a sign that her status had risen. They also found in the hair signs of alcohol and cocaine, found in the coca leaf. She had been given far higher doses of alcohol and coca than the boy and girl had received, though the amount had varied over time. Cocaine use peaked around six months before death -- nearly three times higher than earlier levels -- and alcohol use peaked in the 13-year-old’s final weeks, the authors found. The mounting evidence raises a question of "whether, in the final weeks, the consistently higher levels of [cocaine] and alcohol found in the Maiden’s hair, compared with the younger children, may suggest a greater need to sedate her," the authors wrote. Unlike at other Inca sacrifice sites, the children hadn't suffered any blows to the head; they must have died in some other way. The 13-year-old was sitting cross-legged with her hands loosely resting in her lap, surrounded by an arrangement of plates and drinking vessels. Given that the ceremonial dishes were undisturbed, it’s possible she was placed there either while sedated or shortly after her death. It’s unclear what killed the children, though hypothermia is a possibility, the authors said. Child sacrifices were a ritual part of Inca culture. The Inca Empire was the largest in the Americas before the Europeans arrived, and taking children from subject populations was thought to be a way of cementing their ties to regions they conquered, the authors wrote. Though culturally treated as an honor, putting the children's bodies in such highly visible spots as Llullaillaco served a political purpose, according to the authors: to keep the subject populations too afraid to cause the regime any trouble. "Although the carefully choreographed sacrifice of 'donated' children brought direct socioeconomic benefits to tributary groups who supplied them," they continued, "the ritual would unavoidably — whatever its internal ideological and religious rationale, and however complicit the parents or the wider group — have created a climate of fear." Copyright © 2015, Los Angeles Times
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| Scientists have decoded DNA from a human ancestor that lived in Siberia 30,000 to 50,000 years ago – possibly a new member of the human family tree. (AP Photo/Nature, Johannes Krause)
Like a distant cousin you only know from stories, the Denisovans are just a hazy, hinted-at presence on the human family tree. We know they lived tens of thousands of years ago in a cave in Siberia’s craggy, ice-ensconced Altai Mountains. But we can’t picture them. We don’t know what they looked like, what kind of communities they built, how tall they grew, how they hunted, how they treated their dead. In fact, since these long-lost relatives, the Denisovans, were discovered five years ago, the sum total of evidence of their existence could fit inside a plastic sandwich baggie: one tooth and one fragment of a child’s pinkie finger, both uncovered from the remote Siberian cave. But if those bits of bone don’t offer many clues about the Denisovans’ individual lives, scientists have been been able to reconstruct their life as a species from fragments of DNA preserved within them. And on Monday, the life story of the Denisovans got both more confusing and more interesting. According to a new analysis of a huge, recently-discovered fossilized molar, published Monday in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the Denisovans lived for roughly 60,000 years in Asia alongside both Neanderthals, their close cousins, and more distantly related Homo sapiens — us. Their complicated genetic legacy suggests that they interbred with both species, and, possibly, with another hominid group that has yet to be discovered. “The world at that time must have been far more complex than previously thought,” Susanna Sawyer, an author of the study, told National Geographic. “Who knows what other hominids lived and what effects they had on us?” The new tooth, like the other two items in scientists’ sandwich-bag-sized collection of remnants, comes from Denisova Cave, a remote spot roughly 200 miles north of the Kazakhstan border and closer to Beijing than to Moscow. Speaking to the New York Times in 2012, paleoanthropologist John Hawks said Denisova Cave had high, arched roof of a gothic Cathedral and the quiet, eerie feeling of hallowed ground. Walking there was like walking in the footsteps of his ancestors. The cave averages a temperature at just about freezing all year long, meaning that its contents are extraordinarily well-preserved. In addition to the Denisovan remains, scientists have found Neanderthal fossils and tools used by modern humans (“modern humans” meaning anatomically modern humans living 50,000 years ago, not current-day Russians). Denisova Cave is the only place in the world where all three species are known to have lived, but researchers believe there must be many more Denisovan remains out there. Perhaps we’ve already found them, the study authors suggested to National Geographic: In China, researchers are analyzing ancient teeth with some striking similarities to the Denisovan remnants. Though it’s difficult to extrapolate much from a tooth, this new one’s unusual size affirms one of the only things we do know about the Denisovans: they were large. When Bence Viola, an anthropologist at the University of Toronto, first saw the molar in 2010, ?”I thought it must belong to a cave bear,?” he told Science Magazine. But far more information about the Denisovans is hidden in the molar’s interior, in preserved bits of what’s called “mitochondrial DNA,” a portion of genetic material that is passed down solely from the mother and acts as a “molecular clock” that indicates how long it’s been since two specimens had an ancestor in common. In 2010, scientists sequenced the entire Denisovan genome using material from the pinkie bone fragment, which came from a young girl. They found that Denisovans split off from Neanderthals about 400,000 years ago, and had given some of their genetic material to modern day indigenous Australians and Melanesians. Another paper published later that year found that Southeast Asians had roughly 1 percent Denisovan DNA, according to the New York Times. Since then, researchers have been on the lookout for more clues about the Denisovans’ existence — the species is, as Science Magazine put it, “a genome in search of a fossil record.” The tooth, known as “Denisova 8,” was just that clue. Though it yielded only a modest amount of DNA, it was enough to compare to the two other specimens to find the most recent common ancestor of the three. Once that was established, the common ancestor served as a baseline for determining the age of the three fragments. Denisovans that showed fewer mutations from the common ancestor’s genetic line were older, ones with more mutations would be younger. Surprisingly, “Denisova 8? was 110,000 years old, roughly 60,000 years older than the other two. That indicates that the Denisovans survived in Siberia for tens of thousands of years, or left and then returned. They must have been resourceful to last so long, Viola told the New York Times: “It’s not a very pleasant environment.” The Denisovans were more genetically diverse than their Neanderthal relatives, a remarkable feat for a group of three that came from a single Siberian cave. And they showed signs of interbreeding throughout their long tenure in Asia. Indeed, some of their DNA seems to come not from Neanderthals or humans but some other, unknown hominid. Todd Disotell, a molecular anthropologist at New York University who was not involved in the new study, said it proved how much the world inhabited by our ancient ancestors “was a lot like Middle-earth.” “There you’ve got elves and dwarves and hobbits and orcs,” he told the New York Times, describing the host of human-like creatures that jointly inhabit J.R.R. Tolkein’s fictional world. On the real Earth, “we had a ton of hominins that are closely related to us.” That anthropologists are even speculating about the existence of a species that’s never been seen is a testament to how DNA analysis has changed the field. Before it became possible to sequence ancient genomes, species were defined only after careful accumulation and documentation of specimens. They were distinguished from one another by what they looked like and how they acted. Now, scientists can declare a new species without ever seeing a whole individual. They can even theorize about the possibility of species for which no fossils have been found. “If you would have told me five years ago I would be talking about species we don’t have any fossils for,” Diostell said. “I would have thought you were crazy.” Sarah Kaplan is a reporter for Morning Mix Sent by John Inclan fromgalveston@yahoo.com |
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Northcom Chief Hosts Mexican WWII Vets Who Fought Alongside U.S. Troops |
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| Navy Adm. Bill Gortney, the commander of the North American Aerospace Defense Command and U.S. Northern Command, meets in Mexico City with Mexican air force veterans of the 201st Squadron, which fought alongside the United States in World War II, Nov. 13, 2015. The veterans are, from left, retired Capt. Jose Arroyo García, retired 1st Lt. Heriberto Canete Lopez and retired Capt. Fernando Nava y Musa. The veterans, who were guests of Gortney at a lunch at the American Legion in the Mexican capital, were looking at a plaque the admiral presented to them that shows the NORAD-Northcom headquarters in Colorado Springs, Colo. DoD photo by Lisa Ferdinando MEXICO CITY, November 14, 2015 — A top U.S. commander met here yesterday with Mexican air force veterans who fought alongside the United States in World War II. Navy Adm. Bill Gortney, the commander of the North American Aerospace Defense Command and U.S. Northern Command, said it was his honor to meet the members of Mexico's 201st Squadron, known as the Aztec Eagles. "Thanks for all that you do to keep the tradition alive," he said at a ceremony after a lunch he hosted for the veterans at the American Legion. Exchange of Mementos: Gortney presented the men with coins and a plaque of the NORAD-Northcom headquarters in Colorado Springs, Colorado. They gave him mementos and a certificate of appreciation. "It is just a privilege to be with wonderful veterans," the admiral said. He told the group it was especially meaningful to meet them, because he is the son of a naval aviator who was a World War II veteran. The veterans said they were proud and honored to be guests at the lunch. "Today was a very special day," retired Capt. Fernando Nava y Musa said. Retired 1st Lt. Heriberto Canete Lopez expressed his pleasure with the afternoon events. "I'm very happy to [be] sitting here in this place with the best friends from the United States of America. Mexico is grateful to the United States," he said. The Aztec Eagles were attached to the U.S. Army Air Forces 5th Air Force's 58th Fighter Group during the liberation of the main Philippine island of Luzon in the summer of 1945. The pilots flew P-47D Thunderbolt single-seat fighter aircraft, carrying out tactical air support missions. (Follow Lisa Ferdinando on Twitter: @FerdinandoDoD) |
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LA CONFERENCIA de la Sociedad
Genealógica y de
Historia Familiar
de México |
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Estimados amigos,
Con emocion les recordamos nuestro evento del dia Jueves 19 de noviembre de 2015 a efectuarse en el Auditorio del Museo del Noreste (junto al museo de Historia Mexicana) en Monterrey, NL Hora 19:00 horas (7 PM) con el siguiente PROGRAMA PANEL DE GENEALOGIA MOLECULAR - BENICIO SAMUEL SANCHEZ GARCIA - RICARDO M CERDA FLORES ENTREGA DE DISTINCIÓN DE MIEMBROS HONORARIOS DE MANOS DE o PROFR Y LICENCIADO HÉCTOR JAIME TREVIÑO VILLAREAL DIRECTOR DEL ARCHIVO HISTÓRICO GENERAL DEL ESTADO DE NUEVO LEÓN o LIC. YURI PARRA SALDIVAR CONSULTOR INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS EN SOCIEDAD GENEALOGICA Y DE HISTORIA FAMILIAR DE MÉXICO o DOCTOR LUIS CAVAZOS GUZMÁN MIEMBRO DEL CONSEJO DE LA CRÓNICA DE SANTIAGO NL E HISTORIADOR DE LA MEDICINA EN NL o C. ALFREDO CÁRDENAS MIEMBRO DE SOCIEDAD GENEALOGICA Y DE HISTORIA FAMILIAR DE MÉXICO o DOCTOR LETICIA DE LOS SANTOS PRESIDENTE DE APELLIDOS NORSTENSES o ING. ROBERTO HERRERA RITTE PRESIDENTE DE ASOCIACION GENEALOGIA DE NUEVO LEON HONRAREMOS A: BRINDIS FOTOGRAFIA GRUPO Jose Roman Gonzalez Lopez Sonia Meza Morales Rodolfo Derbez Lozada Monica Marcela Montemayor Treviño Mimi Lozano Chapa Miguel Angel Muñoz Borrego Miguel Ángel González Martínez Martha Duron Jimenez Edna Yolanda Elizondo Gonzalez Maria Concepcion Hinojosa Velasco Lyman D. Platt Luz Montejano Hilton Jorge H. Salazar Salazar John Inclan Guillermo Garmendia Leal Gildardo Contreras Palacios Fernando Muñoz Altea Ricardo M Cerda Flores Sergio Antonio Corona Paez Ricardo Raúl Palmerin Cordero Antonio Guerrero Aguilar Arturo Cuellar Gonzalez INVITACION AL DIA 20 DE NOVIEMBRE A LA CONFERENCIA DE JOHN INCLAN, CONCHITA HINOJOSA, y los Nuevos miembros que asi lo deseen. EN EL MISMO AUDITORIO 10:00 HORAS
Benicio
Samuel Sánchez
García
Presidente
de la Sociedad
Genealógica y de
Historia Familiar
de MéxicoGenealogista e Historiador Familiar Email: samuelsanchez@genealogia.org.mx Website: http://www.Genealogia.org.mx Cell Phone: 811 191 6334
Desde Monterrey
agrega 044+
Cualquier otro
lugar de Mexico
045+
Desde USA 011521+
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| The
Anza Society is an organization dedicated to celebrating the life and
times of Juan Bautista de Anza (1736-1788).
Anza was captain of the Tubac Presidio and leader of the 1775/76
Alta California expedition that
founded the City of San Francisco, California. He later was appointed
governor of the Province of New Mexico in 1777
by the viceroy. The life and
military accomplishments of his father, also named Juan Bautista de
Anza, are likewise celebrated by the Anza Society.
The society holds its Annual Juan Bautista de Anza International Conference in either Mexico or the United States as a forum for the study, interpretation, commemoration, and preservation of places and artifacts related to Anza. Alamos, site of the 2016 conference, played a substantial role in the Anza Expedition. Founded in 1682, Alamos produced large quantities of silver, and in all likelihood, silver from her mines helped finance the expeditions to Alta California.The March conference, hosted by the Alamos History Association, embraces the colonial charm of Alamos. Casa de los Tesoros, a 236-year old restored convent, is the conference headquarters. Centrally located near the town plaza and cathedral, the hotel offers rooms which are decorated to reflect the distinct styles of Spanish Colonial and Mexican heritage. All rooms have air-conditioning, private baths, high ceilings and fireplaces.For more information please visit these websites: Sent by President Stella Cardoza |
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Antonio Guerrero Aguilar escribe... En De Solares y Resolanas, quiero expresar, manifestar, escribir mis reflexiones, vivencias y apreciaciones sobre lo que veo, de donde vivo, me muevo y existo. Mi divisa: "Alios vidi ventos aliasque procelas" (Cicerón) que traducida significa: "Otras tempestades y vientos he visto pasar". Porfirio Díaz llegó por fin al primer cargo político de la nación en 1877, después de dos fallidas revolucionas: la de la Noria en 1871 en contra de las reelecciones de Benito Juárez y la de Tuxtepec el 21 de marzo de 1876 en contra de Lerdo de Tejada. En buena parte, Díaz obtuvo lo que anhelaba gracias al apoyo de caciques y caudillos que mantenían el control político en sus respectivos estados y regiones. En Nuevo León se apoyó en Jerónimo Treviño y Francisco Naranjo, quienes delegaron su influencia en la figura de don Genaro Garza García.
Los dos años siguientes, Lázaro Garza Ayala fue gobernador en el lapso de 1887 y 1889; mientras que Genaro Garza García se había confinado al ostracismo político en Villa de
García. |
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25
de marzo de 1519, Hernán Cortés, que había zarpado desde Sanlúcar,
funda Santa María de la Victoria, que sería la primera población
española en la Nueva España (México) y una de las primeras en
América.
Sent
by Dr. C.A. Campos y Escalante |
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1519 - Fundación de la Villa Rica de la
Veracruz, Nueva España |
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22 de abril de 1519, es fundada la ciudad mexicana de Veracruz, por Hernán Cortés, Francisco de Montejo y Alonso Hernández de Portocarrero que habían zarpado de Sanlúcar en 1504 y en 1514. 22 de abril de 1595, zarpa del puerto sanluqueño de Bonanza, la Armada del Mar Océano del General Antonio de Urquiola, con 8 navíos. https://www.facebook.com/13311 |
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| 15
de enero de 1565, los Duques de Medina Sidonia, reciben varios regalos
desde México, mandados por el Marqués del Valle de Oaxaca, Martín
Cortés, hijo del célebre conquistador Hernán Cortés.
https://www.facebook.com/133110703497852/photos/a.133770996765156.29886.
133110703497852/522476397894612/?type=3&theater
Aqui quien era el Duque de Medina Sidonia:
Quien era Martín Cortés Zúñiga:
No confundir con su medio hermano:
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Isabel Barreto de Mendaña y su marido Alvaro de Mendaña en la expedición de Quiroz. |
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La primera mujer Almirante de la Marina de España en el siglo XVI
en viaje desde el Perú al Mar del Sur y regreso via México
(Acapulco)... increibles aventuras de esta valiente mujer española
(Galicia).
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Registro del bautismo de María Eufemia |
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| Envío a Uds. la imagen del registro del
bautismo de María Eufemia, Cuarterona por ser hija de Padre de la
Nación Guinea y la Madre Cuarterona hija de Indio Americano.
Libro de Bautismos de la Iglesia de Santa Rosa María del Sacramento. Múzquiz, Coah. " En la Yglesia del Valle de Santa Rosa María del Sacramento, a los veintidos días del mes de Noviembre de mil ochocientos cuarenta y tres. Yo el Pbro. Juan Nepomuceno de Ayala. Cura Ynterino de este y su jurisdicción bautizé solemnemente y puse los Santos oleos y sagrado crisma a María Eufemia de dos meses de nacida, Cuarterona por ser el Padre Negro de la Nación Guinea y la Madre Cuarterona de Yndio Americano, hija de Tomas Wandagan y de María Salome Ban. fueron sus padrinos Dn. Juaquin Zepulveda y Da. Ma. Ynes San Miguel, a quienes advertí obligacion y parentesco espiritual, y para que conste lo firmé. Juan Nepomuceno de Ayala.
Fuentes. Family Search. Iglesia de Jesucristo de los
Santos de los últimos Días.
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Registro eclesiástico del bautismo Don Salvador Ramón Salinas
Kruzen
Estimados amigos Genealogistas.
Envío a Uds. la imagen del registro eclesiástico del bautismo y
una foto del año de 1924 de mi tío Don Salvador Ramón Salinas
Kruzen, uno de los hermanos menores de Mamá Grande Otilia.
Recuerdo muy poco a Tío Chol pués murió cuando yo era un niño de
corta edad, me platicaba mi
Madre q.e.p.d. que el me decía de cariño " Don Rutilo ",
era soltero igual que sus hermanos Manuel y Alfredo, este último á
quien apodaban "El Zorro" se lo habían llevado de "Leva"
y fué fusilado en Tampico, Tamps. a principios de los años 20s, así
me lo contó Tía Lucila Salazar Salinas q.e.p.d. prima hermana de
mi Madre.
Libro de Bautismos de la Iglesia de
San Mateo de Montemorelos, N.L. " En la Parroquia de Montemorelos á seis de Marzo de mil ochocientos ochenta, el Sr. Cura Dn. Guadalupe Morales con mi licencia bautizó solemnemente puso los Santos Sacramentos y el Sagrado Crisma á Salvador Ramón de un mes tres días de nacido, hijo legítimo de Manuel Antonio Salinas y de Ana Crucen, vecinos de la Yerbabuena: son abuelos paternos Ramón Salinas y Juliana Ponce y maternos Enrique Cruzen y Natalia Luzelberger: fueron padrinos Leonardo Salinas y Dolores Salazar: á quienes advertí su obligación y parentesco espiritual y para que conste lo firmé. Jesús Treviño"
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Fuentes. Family Search. Iglesia de Jesucristo de los Santos de los últimos
Días.
Transcribo como está escrito.
Investigó. Tte. Corl. Intdtde. Ret. Ricardo R. Palmerín
Cordero.
Genealogista y miembro de la Sociedad de Genealogía de Nuevo León.
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Envío la imagen del acta del registro del Estado Civil de Montemorelos, N.L. del nacimiento de mi Mamá Grande Doña Otilia Salinas Kruzen. Fuentes. Family Search. Iglesia de Jesucristo de los Santos de los últimos Días. Acta N°. 207. Otilia Salinas. En la Ciudad de Montemorelos á las 9 nueve de la mañana del día 8 ocho de Julio de mil ochocientos noventa y tres, ante mi Manuel Ballesteros, Juez del Estado Civil, se presentó en esta oficina la Señora Ana Cruzen, del barrio de Parás y dijo: que en el de Mendivil nació hace 20 veinte años una niña que me presentó y doy fé haber visto viva, á quien le puso por nombre Otilia Salinas, hija legítima de su esposo Manuel A. Salinas y la presentante, son abuelos paternos Ramón Salinas y Juliana Ponce y maternos Enrique Cruzen y Natalia Luzelberger, todos finados,fueron testigos de este acto los Ciudadanos Antonio Gutierrez, jornalero y Jesús Berlanga, labrador, ambos casados mayores de edad y vecinos de esta en el barrio de Parás. Lo hago constar por la presente acta que les leí y quedaron conformes firmando la presente no los testigos por no saber. doy fé= Manuel Ballesteros= Ana Kruzen= dos rúbricas= Es copia de su original que certifico: doy fé. Manuel Ballesteros.
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Cruzen= Kruzen. Luzelberger= Lutzelberger. Investigó: Tte. Corl. Intdte.
Ret. Ricardo Palmerín Cordero. duardos43@hotmail.com
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| Bautismo de Joseph Cervando de Sta. Theresa |
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Al margen: Joseph Cervando de Santa Theresa, español.
Al centro: En veinte y seis de octubre de mil setecientos sesenta y tres años en / esta parroquial de Monterrey, bautiso de Lisencia Parrochi el Ilustrísimo / Dn. Juan Bapta. Baes Treviño, y puso los santos y chrisma / a Joseph Cervando de Sta. Theresa de nueve dias nacido español hijo / legmo. de Dn. Joachin Mier Noriega y de Dña Antta Guerra, españoles / y vecinos de esta ciudad fue su padrino Dn Salbador Losano vesino / de dha Ciudad a quin adeverti su obligación y parentesco / y para q. conste lo firmamos. Bartholome Molano Bachiller Juan Baes Treviño
--
Benicio
Samuel Sánchez García
Presidente
de la Sociedad Genealógica
y de Historia Familiar
de MéxicoGenealogista e Historiador Familiar Email: samuelsanchez@genealogia.org.mx Website: http://www.Genealogia.org.mx Cell Phone: 811 191 6334
Desde Monterrey agrega
044+
Cualquier otro lugar de
Mexico 045+
Desde USA 011521+
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| Tomado de la página de Facebook de Hispanoamerica
Identity Sent by Carlos A. Campos y Escalante
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| Título de la unidad: "Real
Provisión"
Archivo: Archivo General de Indias
Signatura: MEXICO,1088,L.3,F.206V
Fecha Creación: 1538-9-18 Valladolid
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Real Provisión a la Audiencia de la
Nueva España: que Martín de Calahorra, vecino de Mexico, ha
hecho relacion que es uno de los primeros pobladores de esa tierra
y en renumeracion de sus servicios le fueron encomendados ciertos
indios los cuales tiene y posee y suplica queden despues de sus
dias para su mujer e hijos conforme a la Real Provisión sobre la
sucesion de 26 de Mayo de 1536; que guarden y cumplan en todo la
dicha Real Provisión. - Idem para Juan Infante, Alonso de Avila,
Angel de Villafaña, Jerónimo Ruiz de la Mota, Francisco de Santa
Cruz, Çervan Bejarano, Alonso de Mérida, Martín Lopez, Andres
de Tapia, Maestre Diego, Francisco de Solis, Anton Bravo, Juan
Suarez, licenciado Pero Lopez, Luis Marin, Luis de la Torre,
Maestre Tomas, Gutierre de Badajoz, Jerónimo de Medina, Rodrigo
de Baeça, Andrés de Barrios, Juan Perez de la Garma, Pedro de
Solis, Jerónimo Trias, Francisco de Terrazas, Francisco
Rodriguez, Alonso de Villanueva, Pedro Valenciano, Francisoc
Dolmos, Lorencio Suarez, Don Luis de Castilla, Antonio de Carvajal,
Pero Blas de Monterrozo, Pedro Loçano, Juan de Castañeda y Juan
Volante.
Ángel de
Villafañe
(nacido en 1504 - ?), fue un explorador y líder de expedición
español, administrador colonial y capitán de barco, que participó
en las conquistas de México
y Guatemala
y que es recordado por haber intentado establecer un asentamiento
en la costa atlántica de los actuales Estados
Unidos y por haber rescatado a los
sobrevivientes del primer asentamiento establecido en la costa de
la Florida
española.[1]
Ángel
de Villafañe nació alrededor de 1504, siendo hijo de Juan de
Villafañe y Catalina de Valdés, ambos naturales de León,[2]
Corona
de Castilla (España), que
había servido a los Reyes
Católicos. En 1513, a los
nueve años, el joven Ángel acompañó a su padre en la flota de Pedrarias
Dávila a Santa
María la Antigua del Darién.
En
1523, Villafañe fue en la expedición de Francisco
de Garay al río
Pánuco. Frustrada por Hernán
Cortés la intención de
Garay de establecer una colonia, Villafañe decidió unirse a la
facción de Cortés y se trasladó a la Ciudad
de México. Allí Villafañe
se casó con Doña Ynés de Carvajal, pariente de Pedro
de Alvarado, el famoso conquistador
(segundo al mando de Hernán Cortés y gobernador de Guatemala).
Ángel de Villafañe llegó a ser conocido como «uno de los
principales caballeros» de esa ciudad, y, tanto él como su
esposa, fueron reconocidos como «gentiles, hidalgos y de gran
fortuna».
Villafañe
participó en la conquista de Michoacán
y Colima,
y también ayudó a someter a los mayas
chontales, los zapotecos
y mixes.
Por sus acciones, se le concedió una encomienda
en Xaltepec.
Luego participó en la pacificación de los jaliscos
y, como capitán de barco, en la exploración de Cortés de la
costa del océano
Pacífico.
No ha sido
encontrado ningún informe sobre la muerte de Villafañe.
Una de
sus hijas, Catalina, se casó con Don Jorge, un hijo de Jorge
de Alvarado, hermano menor
de Pedro de Alvarado, y de esta unión nació Jorge
de Alvarado y Villafaña,
gobernador y capitán general de Honduras, y caballero de Santiago
desde 1587.
En
1553, Villafañe se vio envuelto en una lucha política, después
de actuar por órdenes del virrey para arrestar al inspector del
rey, Diego
Ramírez. Atrapado entre
el virrey y la Real Audiencia, trató de liberarse mediante el envío
de una carta al emperador Carlos
I de España. Su carta fue
enviada en abril 1554 e iba en el barco San
Andrés, el único barco
supervivientes de los cuatro que navegaban en ese momento a la península.
Los otros tres barcos fueron destruidos por un huracán a lo largo
de la costa de la isla
del Padre (una isla
costera en el actual estado
de Texas).[3]
A principios de junio, cuando llegó la noticia del desastre a
Ciudad de México, el virrey solicitó una flota de rescate y envió
de inmediato a Villafañe a marchar por tierra para encontrar a
los supervivientes y los restos de los barcos cargados de tesoros.
Villafañe
viajó a Pánuco y contrató un barco para que le transportara al
sitio, que ya había sido visitado desde esa comunidad. Llegó a
tiempo para saludar a García
de Escalante Alvarado (sobrino
de Pedro
de Alvarado), comandante
de la operación de salvamento, cuando Alvarado llegó por mar el
22 de julio de 1554. El equipo trabajó hasta el 12 de septiembre
para salvar el tesoro de la isla del Padre.
Esta pérdida,
en combinación con otro desastres de barcos en todo el golfo de México,
dio lugar a un plan para establecer un asentamiento en la costa
norte del golfo para proteger la navegación y acudir de forma más
rápida al rescate de los náufragos. Como resultado, fue enviada
la expedición de Tristán
de Luna y Arellano, al
mando de una flota de 11 barcos, 500 soldados y 1.000 colonos, que
desembarcó en lo que bautizó como Ochuse (la bahía
de Pensacola) el 15 de
agosto de 1559 y fundó el Puerto
de Santa María.
Ángel
de Villafañe participó en la expedición de Luna desde el
principio. Antes de navegar, se hizo cargo del campamento en Jalapa,
mientras Luna viajaba a Veracruz para completar lo necesario para
el viaje. Después, al mando de la guarnición San
Juan de Ulúa estacionada
en Veracruz, Villafañe fue capaz de controlar el funcionamiento e
informar al virrey Luis
de Velasco y Ruiz de Alarcón.
Un año
más tarde, cuando Luna probó ser incapaz de gestionar los
asentamientos en Florida, el virrey Velasco envíó a Villafañe
para aprovisionarle y con la intención de establecer un
asentamiento en la costa atlántica, en Santa Elena. Tristán de
Luna y Arellano había sufrido muchas desgracias al tratar de
trasladar su diezmado asentamiento en Ochuse que había sido
azotado por un huracán en la noche del 19 de septiembre de 1559 (que
destruyó la mayor parte de los barcos, cinco naves, un galeón y
una carraca, además de una carabela llevada tierra adentro[4]
), y debido a que también se habían agotado la mayoría de
alimentos de los nativos (maíz, frijol, calabaza). Villafañe
llegó al asentamiento Ochuse a principios de marzo de 1561, y el
9 de abril, asumió el poder como gobernador y capitán general
tanto de la provincia de La
Florida como de la provincia
de Punta de Santa Elena,
Dejando
50 hombres en Ochuse, Villafañe navegó con el resto de la
colonia (cerca de 230 personas) hasta Santa Elena (en Georgia,
cerca de Carolina del Sur). Después de varios desembarcos a lo
largo de la costa de La Carolina mientras buscaba un puerto
adecuado, la flota fue golpeada por otro huracán, pero
sobrevivieron algunos barcos. Villafañe navegó con su flota
maltratada por la tormenta de vuelta hasta la isla de La
Española, y luego a La
Habana, donde muchos de
sus soldados se dispersaron. Después de tres meses en Cuba,
Villafañe regresó a Ochuse para rescatar a los restantes 50
hombres de la colonia, navegando de regreso a México.
Junto
con otros participantes en el intento de la Florida /Santa Elena,
Villafañe fue convocado por el virrey Velasco para ofrecer
asesoramiento sobre los futuros asentamientos. Los consultados
concluyeron con una evaluación negativa de los asentamientos
tanto en la costa del golfo como en la costa atlántica. Los
futuros intentos en la costa atlántica fueron hechos desde España,
y ninguna nueva empresa colonial se llevó a cabo en el norte de
la costa del golfo hasta después de la llegada de René
Robert Cavelier de La Salle,
en Texas, más de un siglo después.
1.
Volver
arriba ↑ Fabio Joseph Flouty. «Conquistador
and Colonial Elites of Central America (list)» (en
inglés). University
of California, Irvine. Consultado el 25 de diciembre de 2010.
2.
Volver
arriba ↑ El apellido [[Villafañe (apellido)|]]
es un apellido
toponímico derivado del pequeño pueblo de [[Villafañe (León)|]],
en la actual provincia española de León, del que podría ser
originaria la familia.
3.
Volver
arriba ↑ «The
Deadliest Atlantic Tropical Cyclones, 1492-1996 (list)» (en
inglés). National Weather Service, National
Hurricane Center. 7 de febrero de 2005. Consultado el 25 de
diciembre de 2010. «three ships from the New Spain (Mexico)
fleet, the Santa Maria de Yciar, the Espiritu Santo,
and the San Esteban, were lost in a storm off what would
later become Padre Island, Texas. A few survivors managed to
escape in a small boat.»
4.
Volver
arriba ↑ Pinson, Steve «The
Tristan de Luna Expedition», en el sitio de-luna.com.
Consultado el 9 de enero de 2007.
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Defunción de Don Simón Montemayor |
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Amigos Historiadores y Genealogistas. Envío la imagen del registro de la defunción de Don Simón Montemayor, fué el Oficial que tuvo el mando del Pelotón de Fusilamiento que ejecutó al Archiduque Maximiliano de Habsburgo y a los Generales Conservadores Don Miguel Miramón y Don Tomás Mejía. Fuentes. Family Search. Iglesia de Jesucristo de los
Santos de los últimos Días. No. 2048. Simón Montemayor, adulto, Enero 21 de 1881. Demarcación de la Boca. " En el Campo santo de esta Villa de Santiago
á los veintiun días del mes de Enero de mil ochocientos ochenta y
uno: yo el Presb°. Lorenzo de León cura propio de la misma dí
sepultura eclesiástica al cadáver del adulto Simón Montemayor, de
35 años de edad, casado que fué con Carolina Rojas, a quien dejó
viuda: no recibió ningun sacramento porque no avisaron a tiempo, murió
de fiebre. Y para constancia lo firmo. Lorenzo de León".
Investigó. Tte. Corl.
Intdte. Ret. Ricardo R. Palmerín Cordero.
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Bautismo del General Don
Vicente Riva Palacio, |
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Sagrario Metropolitano de la Cd. de México. " En diez y seis de Octubre de mil ochocientos treinta y dos, con licencia del D.D.José María de Santiago, Cura propio y mas antiguo de esta Santa Yglesia. Yo el B.D. Pedro Legorreta bautizé á un niño que nació hoy pusele por nombres Vicente Florencio Carlos hijo legitimo de legitimo matrimonio de Don Mariano Riva Palacio y de Doña Maria Dolores Guerrero. Nieto por linea paterna de Don Esteban Riva Palacio y Doña Dolores Díaz, el primero difunto; y por la materna del Señor General Don Vicente Guerrero, difunto, y Doña María Guadalupe Hernández: fué su madrina su abuela materna la referida Doña María Guadalupe Hernández, impuesta de sus obligación". José Ma. de Santiago. Pedro de Legorreta.
Investigó: Tte. Corl. Intdte. Ret. Ricardo R.
Palmerín Cordero.
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Doña Victoriana Moya
Salinas de Sandoval, |
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Doña Victoriana era hija de Don Jesùs Moya y de Doña Matiana
Salinas Guerra, familias de Montemorelos, N.L.; ella fuè abuela de
Don Rogelio Sandoval dueño de la empresa Akestasando de la Colonia
Regina de Monterrey, N.L., Don Rogelio y Doña Anita su esposa fueron
los padres de: mi Compadre Rogelio “ Coco” q.e.p.d, Guiiermo,
Arturo, Ruben y Doroteo Sandoval Blanco. Y fueron los padrinos de mi hermano el Gral. de Div.
D.E.M. Ret. D. Mario Palmerìn Cordero, a mi tambièn me decìa
Doña Anita “Ahijado”. |
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La foto es del Estudio J.R. Sandoval de Monterrey,
N.L. està dedicada a mi bisabuela y dice: Sra. Ana Cruzen Vda.
de Salinas. Dedico esta foto como un recuerdo a mi prima polìtica
en prueba de cariño y amistad que le profeso. Victoriana M. de
Sandoval. Monterrey Septiembre 27 de 1904. Tte. Corl. Intdte. Ret. M |
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War Against All Puerto Ricans: Revolution and Terror in
America's Colony by Nelson A. Denis Ponce de León y los primeros caballos desde Puerto Rico CUBA: Acaba de cumplir 500 años de fundada. Asociación para el Fomento de los Estudios Históricos en Centroamérica |
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War Against All Puerto
Ricans: |
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When it won the Spanish-American War in 1898, the U.S. acquired Puerto Rico as a new “possession.” The American who led the invasion, Gen. Nelson A. Miles, promised “liberty” to Puerto Ricans. He also promised “prosperity” and “the advantages and blessings of enlightened civilization.” This never occurred. Puerto Rico was stripped of her land and natural resources by U.S. banking syndicates. By 1934, the theft was so extreme that Puerto Ricans organized an island-wide agricultural strike. In response to this strike the Yale-educated Chief of Police, whose father owned the Riggs National Bank, promised that “there will be war to the death against all Puerto Ricans.” This web site documents some of that war. It documents the murder of innocent Puerto Ricans; the bombing of Puerto Rican towns; the blackmail of Puerto Rico’s governor; the beating, torture and execution of Puerto Rican prisoners; and the hiding of all this information from the American public. This web site also presents a short biography of Pedro Albizu Campos, leader of the Nationalist Party of Puerto Rico, who devoted his entire life to the independence of his country.
Albizu never realized that dream. Instead, he spent 25 years in jail: where he was systematically tortured, then declared insane. http://waragainstallpuertoricans.com/ |
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¿Sabía
que Ponce de León llevó los primeros caballos desde Puerto Rico |
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Las manadas de
Mostrencos o Mestencos, esos caballos sin amo ni dueño, que soltaron
los españoles por muchos de sus asentamientos en lo que hoy conocemos
por EEUU, procedieron en su origen de los llevados por Ponce de León
en sus expediciones a la Florida que partieron desde Puerto Rico. Esos caballos Mestencos, que siglos más tarde se rebautizaron como "Mustang", fueron utilizados por los Dragones de Cuera, aquellos soldados españoles que tuvieron como deber controlar el vasto territorio que desde las orillas del Pacífico de la actual California al Atlántico de Florida se extendía bajo la influencia española. |
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Para sus largos viajes cada soldado contaba con seis caballos, un potro y una mula, e iban armados con espada ancha, lanza, adarga, escopeta y pistolas. Además de proteger los caminos y puestos que se extendían a lo ancho del actual territorio estadounidense, también ayudaron a los soldados que protegían los puertos en ambas orillas. En el Museo del Mar pueden ver un mapa que muestra las diferentes rutas de comunicación por las que estos soldados cabalgaban, como el famoso Camino Real de Tierra Adentro que unía Florida y Texas y otras vías que se extendían desde México y California hasta el famoso Montana, las Dakotas, e incluso el Canadá y Alaska, donde el Imperio Español fijó su frontera con Rusia. Conozca este y muchos más episodios de la historia de Puerto Rico en el Museo del Mar, abierto de miércoles a domingo (de 10am a 5pm) en el número 360 de la calle de San Francisco del Viejo San Juan. https://www.facebook.com/145605908845156/photos/a.527958430609900.1073741933.14560590884515 6/937333743005698/?type=3&theater Carlos A. Campos y Escalante campce@gmail.com |
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CUBA: Acaba de cumplir 500 años de fundada. |
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Asociación para el Fomento de los Estudios Históricos en Centroamérica |
| Los paisajes centroamericanos según los viajeros del siglo
XIX, entre la fuente histórica y el discurso racial: análisis de un debateEl objetivo de este ensayo es abordar el debate sobre el valor de los relatos de viajeros del siglo XIX como fuente
histórica. Para llevar a cabo este análisis se realiza un balance general de la discusión ocurrida entre lingüistas e historiadores en Costa Rica, específicamente el debate entre el historiador Juan Carlos Solórzano y el lingüista Juan Carlos Vargas, de la Universidad de Costa Rica. Se sugiere que la crítica al contenido racial de dichas
narraciones, así como el aprovechamiento de dichos relatos desde la mirada del historiador se complementan entre
sí. Es desde la interacción entre ambos enfoques donde se pueden configurar los fundamentos epistemológicos para la construcción de una narración histórica escrita desde
Centroamérica, valoradora de sus poblaciones y paisajes, y a la vez pertinente a la realidad específica de la
región.
http://www.afehc-historia-centroamericana.org/index.php?action=fi_aff&id=4093 |
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| Afro-Peruvian
percussion instruments by Eve A. Ma The Ancient Shards of Central American Art and History 1520 - Fernando de Magallanes al Maluco 1514 - Pedro Árias de Ávila 1550 - Adelantada del Paraguay, Mencía Calderón 1534 - Fundación de Cuzco por Francisco Pizarro Blasco Nuñez Vela Ambrosio Alfinger El verdadero Simón Bolivar. Don Blas de Lezo |
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Afro-Peruvian
percussion instruments |
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Huevito
– Freddy Huevito Lobatón – of Lima, Peru;
three-time winner of Peru’s zapateo fancy footwork competition,
current resident of New York; percussionist
in Gabriela Alegría’s Afro-Peruvian Jazz Sextet, son of the artistic
director and percussionist of an important, traditional Afro-Peruvian
music and dance group; and
himself, Afro-Peruvian to the core of his being, says that the most
important Afro-Peruvian percussion instruments are:
the cajón, the cajita, the quijada de burro (donkey’s
jawbone), the zapateo fancy footwork, palmas (rhythmic hand-clapping)
and “guapeo.” (rhythmically shouting out encouragement to the
performers). I
see no reason to disagree with him.
To
these instruments, we can add others which are less important today
because less well-known and not often used.
These include a huge variety of drums that the Afro-Peruvian
Museum of Zaña, under the leadership of Luis Rocca, is attempting to
bring back into usage, drums made of tree trunks, and drums made of
ceramic jugs.
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Like the Central Valley of Mexico and the Andes of South America, Central America has been home to dynamic and sophisticated civilizations for thousands of years. A series of distinct cultures left behind remarkable ceramic objects, which attest to considerable wealth, intricate belief systems, and singular artistic achievements. Cerámica de los Ancestros: Central America’s Past Revealed — a bilingual (English/Español) exhibition at the Smithsonian’s National Museum of the American Indian (NMAI) in Washington D.C. — explores seven ancient regions of Central America, encompassing modern Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama. Examining the vibrancy of Central America’s diverse ancestral heritage with a broad selection of objects, this exhibition also underscores the interconnectedness of Central America’s pre-Columbian peoples with their Mesoamerican, Caribbean, and South American neighbors. | |
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Click to the URL below: In this exclusive interview, James Blake
Wiener of the Ancient History Encyclopedia speaks to Dr. Alexander V.
Benitez, co-curator of the exhibition and director of the Smithsonian
Latino Center sponsored Central American Ceramics Research Project (CACRP),
about the exceptional artifacts featured in the exhibition. http://etc.ancient.eu/2013/06/25/the-ancient-shards-of-central-american-art-and-history/ ?utm_content=buffer39e46&utm_medium=social&utm_source=plus.google.com&utm_ campaign=buffer#America Sent by Dorinda Moreno pueblosenmovimientonorte@gmail.com |
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1520 - Fernando de Magallanes al Maluco |
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1 de abril de 1520, la expedición al Maluco de Fernando de Magallanes sufre un motín en la bahía de San Julián (Argentina). 1 de abril de 1612, zarpa de Sanlúcar de Barrameda, la Armada de Tierra Firme del General Jerónimo de Portugal, llevaba orden de pasar por la isla Trinidad y limpiarla de corsarios. https://www.facebook.com/133110703497852/photos/a.13377099 6765156.29886.133110703497852/557607837714801/?type=3&theater Descubrimiento ?y colonización ?del Estrecho de Magallanes en Patagonia.?y el cono sur.? |
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1514 - Pedro Árias de Ávila |
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11 de abril de 1514, zarpa del puerto sanluqueño de Bonanza, la flota de Pedrarias Dávila, con 32 naves y 2.000 hombres, en dirección a Tierra Firme (Panamá), le acompañaban Diego de Almagro, Sebastián de Belalcázar, Francisco de Montejo, Bernal Díaz del Castillo, Pascual de Andagoya, Juan Salazar de Espinosa, Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo, Hernando de Soto, Hernando de Luque, Rodrigo Enríquez de Colmenares, Martín Fernández de Enciso, Francisco de Jerez, Bernardino Vázquez de Tapia y Fray Juan de Quevedo, el primer obispo del nuevo territorio que se pretendía colonizar, con trece sacerdotes y un nutrido grupo de frailes franciscanos y dominicos.
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Adelantada del Paraguay, Mencía Calderón Nadie había mencionado que hubo Adelantadas liderando expediciones en el Siglo XVI ! Aquí una !? 10 de abril de 1550 zarpa de Sanlúcar de Barrameda la Adelantada de Asunción de Paraguay, Mencía Calderón, con un numeroso grupo de mujeres, tras un viaje desgraciado y lleno de dificultades, llegaran a su destino varios años después. https://www.facebook.com/133110703497852/ photos/a.133770996765156.29886.1331107034 97852/562144223927829/?type=3&theater Sent by Dr. C.A. Campos y Escalante campce@gmail.com
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Fundación
de Cuzco por Francisco Pizarro 23 de marzo de 1534, Francisco Pizarro que zarpó de Sanlúcar en 1530, fundó a la usanza española la ciudad de Cuzco (Perú).
Sent by Dr. C.A. Campos y Escalante |
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Tal vez esta exposición aclare muchas dudas sobre quien fue el
verdadero Simón Bolivar.
Ponencia del historiador colombiano Dr. Pablo E. Victoria
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-iFrCFG6kB0
Se esperan comentarios.
Saludos,
Carlos
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Pequeño
homenaje a don Blas de Lezo el Héroe de Cartagena de Indias. |
| La historia que los ingleses No recuerdan cuando su armada invencible inglesa fue derrotada por un medio hombre en Cartagena de Indias. |
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Del 13 de marzo al 20 de mayo de 1741, tuvo lugar La batalla de
Cartagena de Indias, entre las armadas española e inglesa. Esta batalla
fue decisiva para el desenlace final de la Guerra de la Oreja de Jenkins
(1739–1748), uno de los conflictos armados entre el España y Gran
Bretaña ocurridos durante el siglo XVIII. Esta nueva Armada Invencible de 195 navíos, era mayor que la de Felipe II, y la segunda más grande de todos los tiempos, después de la armada aliada que desembarcó en Normandía en la II guerra Mundial . El ejército inglés, comandado por el almirante Edward Vernon, trató de invadir Cartagena de Indias con 32.000 soldados y 3.000 piezas de artillería. Cartagena estaba defendida por 3.600 soldados y 6 navíos españoles. |
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Inglaterra estaba tan segura de su victoria que el rey inglés mandó acuñar monedas celebrando su triunfo, en las que se leía "la arrogancia española humillada por el almirante Vernon y los héroes británicos tomaron Cartagena, abril 1, 1741 " ..... jajajaj !! ... en ellas aparecía Blas de Lezo representado de rodillas entregando su espada al almirante Vernon, eso sí, un Lezo muy completito con todas sus piernas, brazos y posiblemente ojos ... increíble ¿no? La victoria de las fuerzas españolas, al mando del teniente general de la Armada Blas de Lezo, prolongó la supremacía militar española en el Atlántico occidental hasta el siglo XIX. https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blas_de_Lezo http://www.grandesbatallas.es/batalla%20de% 20cartagena%20de%20Indias.html Sent by Dr. C.A. Campos y Escalantes |
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| Exploración españolas en el Océano
Pacífico, por Alonso de Arellano Ruta de Ida, Ruta de Regreso, y Lugares Visitados 1521 - Fernando de Magallanes descubre Guám y las Islas Felipinas Fernando de Magallanes, llega a la isla islas Marianas 1591 - Virrey de Nueva España, Francisco Fernández de la Cueva |
 Alonso de Arellano |
Compartiendo más aventuras de exploración españolas en el Océano
Pacífico, la mayoría emprendidas desde la provincia de la Nueva
España (México) con muchos de sus capitanes y tripulantes
antepasados nuestros cuando la Nueva España era aún más rica
que la Metrópoli (España) el primer pais de alcance global en el
siglo XVI.
La hazaña de Alonso de Arellano.
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alonso_de_Arellano
http://blog.todoavante.es/?p=1582 https://ilustresmarinos.wordpress.com/2013/12/15/alonso-de-arellano-el-capitan-del-primer-tornaviaje/
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Derrotero de Malaspina
https://ilustresmarinos.wordpress.com/2014/01/10/el-pleito-que-perdio-arellano-i-los-derroteros-que-exoneran-al-san-lucas/
Saludos, Carlos
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1521 - Fernando de Magallanes descubre Guám y las Islas Felipinas |
Estas imágenes son del Porta Puerta de América, Sanlúcar
de Barraneda y no de Facebook que impone su logo aquí.
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7 de abril de
1521, la expedición de Fernando de Magallanes llega a la isla de Cebú (Filipinas). (habiendo descubierto Guámen marzo anterior)
7 de abril de 1586, zarpa de Sanlúcar de Barrameda, la Armada de Tierra Firme del General Álvaro Flores de Quiñones. |
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Islas
Marianas |
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6
de marzo de 1521,
la expedición de Fernando de Magallanes, llega a la isla de los
Ladrones (islas Marianas) Océano Pacífico.
6 de marzo de 1639, zarpan la Armada de Tierra Firme del General Jerónimo Gómez de Sandoval y la flota de Tierra Firme del Capitán de Galeones, General Luis Fernández de Córdoba, embarcaría el 25º Virrey del Perú Pedro Álvarez de Toledo y Leiva, seguido de un gran séquito.- |
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Virrey de Nueva España, Francisco Fernández de la Cueva 8 de marzo de 1591, regresan a Sanlúcar de Barrameda, algunas naves de la Armada de Nueva España del General Juan de Uribe Apallua. 8 de marzo de 1653, embarca en Sanlúcar de Barrameda, el 22º Virrey de Nueva España, Francisco Fernández de la Cueva y Enríquez de Cabrera, Duque de Alburquerque, Marqués de Cuellar, Conde de Ledesma y Huelma y Virrey de Sicilia, con un importante séquito. |
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| Hillarie Danielle Parungao:
newly crowned Miss World 2015 Amapola by Eddie AAA Calderón, Ph.D. |
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Hillarie Danielle Parungao:
newly crowned Miss World 2015 |
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NEWLY crowned Miss World 2015 Hillarie Danielle Parungao As in previous years, the most awarded aspirant bagged the Miss World Philippines crown, and earned the right to represent the country in the international arena. Hillarie Danielle Parungao, 24, amassed the lion’s share of special awards earlier in ceremonies at The Theatre of Solaire Resortshttp://entertainment.inquirer.net/181579/miss-world-ph-stunned-by-unexpected-victory# and Casino in Pasay City on Sunday night. She received the ruby-decked crown as 2015 Miss World Philippines from her predecessor Valerie Weigmann. Weigmann and 2013 winner Megan Young, who eventually became the Philippines’ first Miss World winner, also received almost all the special awards during their stints at the national tilt. “I still can’t believe it—I kept shouting, ‘I have the crown!’” Parungao told the Inquirer after her proclamation. “I did not expect it. I was just praying so hard… it was just so surreal for me to see [Megan and Valerie] come up to me and put the crown on my head,” added the 5’6”-tall commercial model. Aside from besting 25 other aspirants, Parungao was also proclaimed best in sports challenge and best in fashion runway. She was also hailed best in swimsuit and best in evening gown. Other titles: Sponsors also favored her, as she was awarded the Miss Zen Institute, Miss Technomarine, Miss Solaire, Miss Figlia and Miss Phoenix Petroleum titles. The haul prompted membershttp://entertainment.inquirer.net/181579/miss-world-ph-stunned-by-unexpected-victory# of the audience to cheerfully quip, “Give her the crown already!” Parungao further cemented her leadhttp://entertainment.inquirer.net/181579/miss-world-ph-stunned-by-unexpected-victory# with her response in the semifinal question-and-answer round. She was asked, “What is the significance of being a beauty queen in this society?” She replied to loud cheers: “As a woman, I uphold the value of compassion. And I want to be a beauty queen because I want to share compassion with others. Compassion leads to a greater society of love, hope and a brighter future for everyone.” When asked by a judge, Fila Philippines president Cris Albert, about the philosophy she lives by, Parungao said, “My philosophy is to always rely on compassion—because compassion can open doors to many challenges in life that we can resolve, [so] that we can progress as a society.” Parungao’s crown came with a P1-million prize, which she hopes to use in chosen projects. |
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The title of this article is from a Spanish song that I remember so well
especially with a very wonderful feeling of nostalgia. I am also happy
to be accorded the opportunity to write for Somos Primos Magazine every
month since September 2011 on several subject matters including those
dealing with nostalgia that I have treasured so much in life. The
article Amapola, as it deals with the affairs of the heart, should be a
sequel to my past articles located at: http://somosprimos.com/sp2012/spmar12/spmar12.htm#THE PHILIPPINES Quireme Mucho http://somosprimos.com/sp2012/spfeb12/spfeb12.htm#THE PHILIPPINES Harana in the Philippines, a Personal Experience http://somosprimos.com/sp2014/spmar14/spmar14.htm#THE PHILIPPINES The Harana Article, An Update http://somosprimos.com/sp2012/spnov12/spnov12.htm#THE PHILIPPINES Reminiscing The Days of Yore http://somosprimos.com/sp2015/spmay15/spmay15.htm#PHILIPPINES a) The Subject of Love b) Hispanic Songs in the Philippines The song Amapola was composed in 1924 by a Spaniard from Cadiz, Spain whose name was José María La Calle García (known in the English speaking world as Joseph La Calle). The English language lyrics were written by Albert Gamse. See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amapola_(song) This beautiful song brings me back to the days of yore, durante el verano de la vida, when I was traveling worldwide. It came back to me recently as I was singing while riding a bicycle and it has since relived in me that most unforgettable incident among others while I was in Spain several decades ago. I met two Spanish gentlemen while I was in Alcalá de Henares in early May, 1970 visiting the home declared as a Spanish national museum of Don Miguel de Cervantes. The birth place had one officer who was also the guard at that time. He entertained visitors and showed us the whole interior and related a capsule history of the home. The officer gave me un gran' abrazo (a very big hug) when I told him that I was a Filipino tourist residing in Minnesota, USA traveling worldwide and was very excited to visit the birth place of Spain's national hero who I admired so much especially after reading his Don Quijote novel in beautiful and elegant Spanish. He also shook the hands of his two countrymate visitors.  The Interior of Don Miguel de Cervantes's home http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRxq FQoTCNjsutTXtsgCFYhxPgodm2oI6A&url=http://www.spainisculture.com/en/museos/madrid/museo_casa_ natal_de_cervantes.html&psig=AFQjCNGdX75ZM9XSNYLCKs9LbJdPKray0Q&ust=1444524611444177
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Israel ambassador to Spain celebrates town ditching 'Kill Jews' name |
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| Daniel Kutner commends vote to change name of Castrillo
Matajudios to Castrillo Mota de Judios (Jews’ Hill Camp) Israel’s ambassador to Spain celebrated with officials over the changing of an ancient Spanish town’s name from Castrillo Matajudios which translates as Camp Kill Jews – to Castrillo Mota de Judios, or Jews’ Hill Camp. Spanish village of Castrillo Kill the Jews votes on name change. The renaming on Friday came a year after the north-central village of 50 inhabitants voted for the name to change after the mayor argued it was offensive and the village should honour its Jewish origins. Documents show the village’s original name was Jews’ Hill Camp and that the Kill Jews name dates from 1627 after a 1492 Spanish edict ordered Jews to convert to Catholicism or flee the country. Those who remained faced the Spanish inquisition, with many burned at the stake. Ambassador Daniel Kutner said the town’s decision to celebrate its Jewish past was to be praised. “It must be remembered that the expulsion from Spain was for Jews a traumatic event of historic dimensions and set out the trajectory for the Jewish people from there on,” he said at a brief ceremony where the town’s new name was unveiled. The name change was formally approved by the regional government of Castilla y León in June. Researchers believe the village got its previous name from Jewish residents who converted to Catholicism and wanted to reinforce their loyalty to the Spanish authorities. Others suspect the change may have come from a slip of the pen. No Jews live in the village today but many residents have Jewish roots and the town’s official shield includes the Star of David. http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/oct/23/israel-ambassador-to-spain-celebrates-town-dropping-kill-jews-name#img-1 Sent by Win Holtzman |
Chapter Nine on De Riberas History by Michael S. Perez. Somos Primos has been publishing the early history of Spain, and the Spanish colonization throughout the world, focused and authored by Perez in searching for his own personal history and identity. The chapters have been placed in under different sections in Somos Primos, depending on the predominance of the information. Chapter Nine of the De Riberas History provides an expanded view of New Mexico, after the arrival of the Spanish. The Spaniards came to the New World to live and thrive. As they explored and conlonized, that world changed dramatically. This chapter emphasizes how the Spaniards did this and how complicated the dynamics were. Concluding the chapter, Perez writes:
Here
I have taken an opportunity to include other related family
names of all five waves of pobladores
and soldiers who entered Nuevo
Méjico during the Spanish period. Among
my family lines from all five waves of Spanish entry to Nuevo Méjico
are names such as Abendaño,
Archuleta, Baca,
Barrios, Bernal,
Bustillo, Cáceres,
Cadimo, Carvajal,
Chávez,
Cruz,
Durán,
Escarramad, García,
Holgado,
Godoy,
González,
Jaramillo,
Lobón, Griego,
Gutiérrez,
Hernández,
Herrera,
Hinojos,
Holguín,
Hurtado,
Jiménez,
Jorge,
López,
Luna,
Mederos, Ocanto,
Losada, Lucero,
Madrid, Márquez,
Martín,
Serrano,
Monroy,
Montoya,
Morán,
Naranjo,
Pedraza,
Pérez,
Ramírez,
del
Río, Robledo,
Rodríguez,
Salazar,
Romero,
Ruíz,
Tapia,
Torres,
Varela,
Vásquez.
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Biblioteca Nacional de Espana El Blog de la BNE http//blog.bne.es Sevilla, Naútica española del siglo XVI, Carrera Los Indianos de Cantabria Cántabros . . . que salieron del terruño a "hacer la América"....
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Sent by Dr. C.A. Campos y Escantante
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En la página de la Fundación Puerta de América de Sanlúcar de
Barrameda, España: http://sanlucarpuertadeamerica.org/category/efemerides/
Otro descubrimiento que hice hoy describe de muchos
exploradores que partieron de allí al Nuevo Mundo.
Sent by Dr. C.A. Campos y Escalante campce@gmail.com |
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Sanlúcar 2019-2022 |
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Israel and the Arab World |
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Refugees from the Middle East by land and sea on their way to Europe |
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved= 0CAcQjRxqFQoTCOj10P7btsgCFYNwPgod3ucHaQ&url=http://mmc-news.com/news-is-insurgents -say-europebound-refugees-are-courting-sin-214144.dbv&psig=AFQjCNE8XnQJZWN3TAVAayV zppgftlXrkw&ust=1444525739646279 
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved= 0CAcQjRxqFQoTCJ_c74zctsgCFUFsPgodvhkM4w&url=http://english.pravda.ru/world/europe/24- 09-2015/132115-europe_refugees-0/&psig=AFQjCNE8XnQJZWN3TAVAayVzppgftlXrkw&ust= 1444525739646279 The refugee crisis was all over the news daily especially in the month of September this year. By October their news coverage daily appear to have diminish. But the refugees are still continuing their travel to Europe in spite of the recent very limited coverage of their activities. I would like to write an article on this issue as I still remember their plight and commiserate on their sad and perilous journey and hope that things would finally go well with them with the help of God Almighty especially during the Christmas season. As I watch them trek by foot on television to the nearest European border(s) to go to affluent countries like West Germany, I notice the hardship that they have endured-- the mothers carrying infants and children, pregnant women, the old, and those with health problem-- I could only again pray to the Lord to spare them of their misery and reach their goal of peaceful and happy resettlement. The refugee crisis has also affected lots of Oversea Filipinos in Syria and other countries in the Middle East that they are now being ordered by the Philippine government to return to our country because of the political instability in those countries that may affect them negatively. http://globalnation.inquirer.net/128637/syrian-refugees-and-the-ofws-mandatory-repatriation Ever since the war and instability continue to plague the Middle East and other neighbouring areas, hundreds of thousands of people have fled to Europe this year from places like Iraq, Sudan, Syria, North Africa, and even Afghanistan seeking refuge from violence and persecution at home especially for non-Muslim inhabitants. Around 50% of them are Syrians and they have risked the dangerous trip, traveling across the Mediterranean Sea or the long trek by land, to get there with children, the old, and those who are not in the best of health. Their long tiresome and dangerous journey again was an everyday news around the world until after September, 2015. The refugees felt that they did not have a choice but to make that perilous trip thinking and expecting that they would find sanctuaries in Western Europe. The UN reports by September, 2015 that at least 2,600 people had since perished trying to do that dangerous journey. http://irusa.org/refugee-crisis-europe/?utm_source=google&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign= europe%20refugee%20crisis&gclid=CJ_r8MDm9McCFQ-IaQodUIcLmA The refugees have been traveling by foot to former Yugoslavian countries then to Hungary to seek asylum in affluent Western Europe. Syrians again have to go to Turkey and then to the former Yugoslavian countries for the long and perilous journey. Other refugees have gone to the sea to reach Greece. And from there, they have to go to the former Yugoslavian countries on their way to affluent Western Europe. Many have found their way by boat, a very perilous journey which caused death to some, to Italy which is considered an affluent country in Western Europe. Using Hungary to go to affluent Western European countries does not sit well with Hungary. The refugees have since been turned back by the Hungarian government because that country could no longer sustain onslaught by the thousands of refugees coming to the country every day and would not want its border to be used by thousands of refugees to go to their destinations. Now the former Yugoslavian countries are also refusing the entry of the refugees in their countries on their way to Western Europe. Many of the countries they are going to are facing their own problems. Greece for one is in economic turmoil. The absorption of refugees exacerbates the existing strain on the local economy. And the arrivals there are up an astounding 750% compared to last year. Many of them are Syrians. At the present the gravity of the refugee crisis has made Western Europe unable to decide how they will deal with the situation and how many refugees to take for each country. Turkey is also adamant to welcome the refugees. More refugees move into Europe either by land or sea and the need for humanitarian aid increases. Again, many prefer to go to Germany than other states in Western Europe. In the case of Germany it needs more people. It has the lowest birthrate in the world, 8.2 births for every 1,000 people, according to the Kiel Institute for the World Economy. At the same, time life expectancy is soaring -- 84 for women and 88 for men -- and Germany is desperate for workers to boost its aging and shrinking population. However, Horst Seehofer, president of the Christian Social Union, the sister party to Merkel's Christian Democrats, said: "We cannot take in all the refugees coming from all the different countries of the world," said . "No society can withstand this permanently -- we can help, but we need to be fair." See http://www.cnn.com/2015/09/13/europe/germany-refugees-shubert/ This German attitude is not an uncommon response to the crisis. Many Western European countries also harbour this attitude and now they are unable to formulate a united policy regarding this crisis. Farther along the migrant route, Germany is appearing less of a beacon of hope than it did just at least five months ago. The government has been working to reduce aid to asylum seekers in the country and deport more quickly those who don't meet the official designation of political refugee. Asylum homes are reportedly stretched beyond capacity. In the European Union (EU) centers of Brussels, Belgium, and Luxembourg, member countries have remained deadlocked and divided over a common policy to shoulder the burden. Others want to take a limited number of refugees. France has agreed to take tens of thousands and Britain 20,000. Switzerland said that if Europe can come to agreement, it will take 1,500 refugees. The majority of the EU ministers have voted in favour of relocating 120,000 across its 28 member states. However the EU remains once again have been bitterly divided over the best way to tackle the continent's worst refugee crisis since World War Two. Four east European nations - Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania and Slovakia - voted against the relocation plan while Finland abstained, Czech interior minister Milan Chovanec said on Twitter after the Brussels meeting. Most of Eastern Europe has resisted committing to a number of refugees to be taken in their countries. http://news.sky.com/story/1557105/eu-ministers-back-quota-system-for-migrants . The US is aware of Western Europe unable to cope up the magnitude of the crisis. President Obama in a televised press conference in late September at first announced that the US would welcome 10,000 refugees. Later, however, the US Secretary of State in a televised news report stated that the US would take 85,000 refugees this year and another 100,000 for next year. http://www.cnn.com/2015/09/20/world/europe-migrant-crisis/ Now Pope Francis is getting to the refugee crisis by offering a solution Pope Francis has asked Roman Catholic religious orders to help alleviate the escalating refugee crisis in Europe by hosting asylum seekers, or pay taxes, like everyone else. In an interview with the Portuguese Radio Renascença, Francis reiterated his call made in early September to church parishes and other religious institutions to each take in a family of refugees: "When I say that a parish should welcome a family, I don’t mean that they should go and live in the priest’s house, in the rectory, but that each parish community should see if there is a place, a corner in the school which can be turned into a small apartment or, if necessary, that they may rent a small apartment for this family; but that they should be provided with a roof, welcomed and integrated into the community…There are convents which are almost empty…" The Vatican would be taking in two refugee families, the Pope said during the interview by Radio Renascença. When asked how long they would stay, the Pope answered: "As long as the Lord wants. We don't know how this will end., do we?" The Pope also said that there were 12,000 catholic parishes in Europe. http://qz.com/503227/the-pope-warns-churches-to-take-in-refugees-or-else Later when he visited the US in October, he urged the country to take refugees and he invoked the famous Golden Rule not only for the US but the whole world. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/pope-francis-congress-refugee-crisis_5603f997e4b00310edfa21c7 Speaking of Saudi Arabia, a very prosperous Middle Eastern and an Arab country, Paul Joseph Weston wrote an article on this issue by citing the case of Saudi Arabia who could have welcomed the refugees as it has welcomed for years those who have been doing the Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca by building thousands of tents to accommodate them that also include cooking facilities and air conditioners. While European countries are being criticized for their failure to take in enough refugees, Saudi Arabia which has 100,000 air conditioned tents that can house over 3 million people sitting empty has taken 0 migrants/ refugees. See Mr. Weston's article cited in Somos Primos October, 2015 issue. http://somosprimos.com/sp2015/spoct15/spoct15.htm#INTERNATIONAL 
Other than Saudi Arabia, other gulf nations such as United Arab Emirates (UAE), Qatar, Kuwait and Bahrain have refused to offer sanctuary to a single Syrian refugee Read more: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3222405/How-six-wealthiest-Gulf-Nations- refused-single-Syrian-refugee.html#ixzz3oDvWCTOs As the majority of refugees coming to Europe by sea are from the Arab world, the question is being asked: why don’t the richest Arab countries take in refugees? - For the answer to this see: https://www.chathamhouse.org/expert/comment/why-aren-t-gulf-countries-taking-syrian-refugees? gclid=CMKAjf-vucgCFRAvaQodu2sA0g#sthash.nPqrzvtM.dpuf The Western European countries are aware of the policy of the rich gulf states in regards to refugees and the former try to fund refugee camps in Africa. So far there has been no indication that African nations would approve such a plan. Finally the refugees keep on coming to Europe as I read their plight on few recent news via facebook. Many southern European countries have continued tightening their borders in order to prevent more refugees from coming in. See: http://www.philstar.com/world/2015/10/26/1514986/latest-slovenia-demands-more-eu-help-refugees
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Christians Persecuted by Muslims Even in the West |
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Last April, police in Sicily reported that Muslim migrants hurled as many as 53 Christians overboard during a recent boat crossing from Libya. The motive was that the victims "professed the Christian faith while the aggressors were Muslim." Another report cited a boy seen praying to the Judeo-Christian God. Muslims commanded him to stop, saying "Here, we pray only to Allah." Eventually the Muslims "went mad," in the words of a witness, started screaming "Allahu Akbar!" ["Allah is Greater!"] and began hurling Christians into the sea. Even when Christian refugees make it to the West, they often continue to be persecuted by Muslims, their fellow "refugees." According to a September 30 report, in Germany "Many Christian refugees from Syria, Iraq or Kurdistan are being intimidated and attacked by Muslim refugees. In several refugee centers set up by the local authorities, Sharia law is being imposed, and Christians -- which are a minority -- are the victims of bullying." Gottfried Martens, pastor of a south Berlin church, said that "very religious Muslims are spreading the following idea throughout the refugee centers: Sharia law rules wherever we are." Martens expressed especial concern for Muslims who convert to Christianity -- apostates who, according to Islamic law, can be killed: "There is a 100% chance that these people will be attacked." Earlier, in July 2014, the weekly Die Zeit explained how "an atmosphere of intimidation and hostility towards Christians" reigns in the refugee centers. Christians, referred to as "pigs," have limited access to communal kitchens. Local authorities said, "The police have reached their absolute breaking point. Our officials are increasingly being called to confrontations in refugee homes." The situation is the same in other European nations. Last Tuesday in Gothenburg, Sweden, Markus Samuelsson, of Assyrian descent, found the walls of his restaurant covered with jihadi graffiti. These included the messages: "Convert or Die" and "The Caliphate is Here." The Arabic letter ? ("N" for "Nasara," or "Christian") was painted on the walls of the pizzeria next door and the local bakery as well, though non-Assyrian businesses were left untouched. (The Islamic State is known to mark out Christian homes and businesses with this letter before attacks.) A July report told of how two small families of Christian asylum seekers were harassed and abused by approximately 80 Muslim asylum seekers from Syria. The Muslims -- described by one Swedish newspaper as "fundamentalist Islamists" -- and the Christians resided in the same asylum house. As in Germany, the Muslims ordered the Christians not to use communal areas and not to wear crosses around their necks. After extensive harassment and threats, the Christian refugees, who thought they had escaped ISIS, left the Swedish asylum house "fearing for their own safety." A spokesman for the government migration agency responsible for their center said: They dared not stay. The atmosphere became too intimidating. And they got no help... They chose themselves to organize new address and moved away without our participation because they felt a discomfort.
In Denmark, according to the conclusion of a study conducted last year, "Christian asylum seekers are repeatedly exposed to everything from harassment to threats and physical abuse by other [Muslim] refugees in the asylum centers, simply because they have converted from Islam to Christianity." An eight-year-old Christian boy was repeatedly bullied and beaten by larger Muslim boys on his way to school, to the point that he dropped out. In another incident, someone tampered with a Christian asylum seeker's bicycle so that he crashed and broke both hands. |
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The U.S. issued 680,000 green cards to migrants from Muslim-majority countries in the five-year period encompassing 2009 through 2013, according to Department of Homeland Security data.
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To Kill an American |
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You probably missed this in the rush of news, but there was actually a reward offer published, in a Pakistan newspaper to anyone who killed an American, any American. An Australian dentist wrote an editorial the following day to let everyone know what an American is. So they would know when they found one. (Good one, mate!!!!) An American is English, or French, or Italian, Irish, German, Spanish , Polish, Russian or Greek. An American may also be Canadian, Mexican, African, Indian, Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Australian, Iranian, Asian, or Arab, or Pakistani or Afghan. An American may also be a Comanche, Cherokee, Osage, Blackfoot, Navaho, Apache, Seminole or one of the many other tribes known as native Americans. An American is Christian , or he could be Jewish, or Buddhist, or Muslim. In fact, there are more Muslims in America than in Afghanistan . The only difference is that in America they are free to worship as each of them chooses.. An American is also free to believe in no religion.. For that he will answer only to God, not to the government, or to armed thugs claiming to speak for the government and for God. An American lives in the most prosperous land in the history of the world. The root of that prosperity can be found in the Declaration of Independence, which recognizes the God given right of each person to the pursuit of happiness. An American is generous.. Americans have helped out just about every other nation in the world in their time of need, never asking a thing in return. When Afghanistan was over-run by the Soviet army 20 years ago, Americans came with arms and supplies to enable the people to win back their country! As of the morning of September 11, Americans had given more than any other nation to the poor in Afghanistan .. The national symbol of America , The Statue of Liberty , welcomes your tired and your poor, the wretched refuse of your teeming shores, the homeless, tempest tossed. These in fact are the people who built America. Some of them were working in the Twin Towers the morning of September 11 , 2001 earning a better life for their families. It's been told that the World Trade Center victims were from at least 30 different countries, cultures, and first languages, including those that aided and abetted the terrorists. So you can try to kill an American if you must.. Hitler did. So did General Tojo , and Stalin , and Mao Tse-Tung, and other blood-thirsty tyrants in the world.. But, in doing so you would just be killing yourself . Because Americans are not a particular people from a particular place. They are the embodiment of the human spirit of freedom. Everyone who holds to that spirit, everywhere, is an American. Sent by Dr. C.A. Campos y Escalante |
11/30/2015 10:30 AM
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TABLE OF CONTENTS UNITED STATES
NORTHWESTERN, US
SOUTHWESTERN, US
INDIGENOUS
PHILIPPINES
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About
the Author: José “Joe” Antonio López was born and raised
in Laredo, Texas, and is a USAF Veteran. He now lives in Universal
City, Texas. He is the author of four books. His latest book is
“Preserving Early Texas History (Essays of an Eighth-Generation
South Texan)”. It is available through Amazon.com. Lopez is
also the founder of the Tejano Learning Center, LLC, and 
McAllen, TX -- My beloved uncle, the Honorable Judge Dario Rigoberto
Garcia Sr. passed away on July 23, 2015 at the age of 95. He was born at
El Brazil Ranch in Starr County on January 4, 1920 to parents Eusebio
Garcia and Antonia Saenz Garcia. Tio Dario’s father, Tío Eusebio and
my grandmother Nicolasa Garcia Salinas were brother and sister. He was
preceded in death by his parents, his wife of 55 years Laurentina Cortez
and siblings, Victorino and Rafael Garcia, Estella Hinojosa and Arnulfa
Menchaca. Survived by his children Dario Jr. (Janie), Hector (Maria
Antonia), Xavier (Janie) Garcia and Laura (Guillermo) O’Connor.
Ernesto Uribe, 78, of Laredo, Texas, died in Falls Church, Virginia, on November 21, 2015. Ernesto grew up on horse-back, working cattle in South Texas where his family raised beef since 1755. He was educated in the public schools of Laredo, and graduated from Texas A&M College, earning two undergraduate degrees and a master's degree. Ernesto entered the United States Information Agency Foreign Service in 1962, beginning his career as a Student Affairs grantee in Guayaquil, Ecuador. He remained in the Foreign Service for 33 years, serving full 
Around the same time he moved to Bishop
and absorbed the accordion-playing traditions of the local Czechs and
Germans. Martínez and his partner, bajo sexto player Santiago
Almeida, established the accordion and bajo sexto as the basic
instruments of the conjunto and became well regarded as a team.
Their pairing led to Martínez's major innovation in the development of
the conjunto: he emphasized the right-side melody and treble
notes of the accordion, leaving the left-side bass notes to the bajo
sexto player. All other conjunto accordionists soon
adopted this change. Martínez made his first recording with Almeida for
Bluebird Records in 1936, but switched to Armando Marroquín's Ideal
label in 1946. Nicknamed "El Huracán del Valle" ("The
Hurricane of the Valley") for his fast-paced playing, Martínez
remained a popular performer throughout the 1950s, but worked as a field
hand in Florida after a new generation of conjunto musicians
emerged in the mid-1960s. His career revived, however, after he was
featured in Chulas Fronteras ("Beautiful Borders"), a
1976 documentary film about Texas-Mexican music. He was inducted into
the Conjunto Music Hall of Fame in 1982, received a National Heritage
Award from the National Endowment for the Arts in 1983, and was
nominated for a Grammy Award in 1989. He was scheduled to appear at the
annual Tejano Conjunto Festival in San Antonio in May 1992 but was
prevented by illness. He died the following month.
